eoc review game. the cytoplasm helps maintain cell shape, much like the human skeleton does

EOC Review Game

TRUE OR FALSE?

The cytoplasm helps maintain cell shape, much like the human skeleton does.

TRUE OR FALSE?

FALSE!!!! The Correct Answer is…

The cytoskeleton helps maintain cell shape, much like the human skeleton

The cytoplasm is the gel-like liquid the organelles are suspended in.

An enzyme is a protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction and is involved in nearly all

metabolic processes.

TRUE OR FALSE?

TRUE!!!! The Correct Answer is…

An enzyme is a protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction and is involved

in nearly all metabolic processes.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Bacteria are disease-causing, non-living particles made of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a capsid (or protein coat). They can reproduce only when they are inside a host cell.

A virus is disease-causing, non-living particles made of a core of DNA or RNA

surrounded by a capsid (or protein coat). They can reproduce only when they are

inside a host cell.

Bacteria are disease causing LIVING THINGS!!!!

TRUE OR FALSE?

In protein synthesis mRNA carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosome to be translated into protein.

TRUE!!!!The Correct Answer is…

In protein synthesis mRNA carries the genetic code from

the DNA to the ribosome to be translated into protein.

TRUE OR FALSE?

The vacuole is the organelle within the cell functioning like a miniature stomach.

The lysosome is the organelle within the cell functioning like a miniature

stomach.

The vacuole is an organelle that stores things like water for use in cells.

TRUE OR FALSE?

The ribosome is the “power-house” of the cell where ATP (energy) is made during cellular respiration.

The mitochondria is the “power-house” of the cell where ATP (energy) is made

during cellular respiration.

The ribosome makes protein not ATP!!!

TRUE OR FALSE?

Image A (left) summarizes how gametes or sex cells (sperm or egg) are formed in meiosis.

Image B (right) summarizes how gametes or sex cells (sperm or egg) are formed in meiosis.

Image A (left) shows mitosis (asexual reproduction or making clones).

Mitosis takes 1 cell and divides into 2 identical diploid cells

Meiosis takes 1 cell, divides it twice, forming 4 haploid cells (cells with ½ the chromosomes).

TRUE OR FALSE?

The image on the right shows DNA replication, which occurs during Interphase.

The image on the right shows crossing over, which occurs during meiosis I in prophase. It provides for variation in sexual reproduction!

TRUE OR FALSE?

The karyotype shows Down Syndrome which occurred because the parents carried a dominant allele for the disorder.

The karyotype shows Down Syndrome which occurred due to Non-disjunction -

when chromosomes fail to separate properly in

meiosis.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Meiosis is a type of cell division where a cell produces four gametes, each with half the number of chromosomes.

Meiosis is a type of cell division where a cell produces four gametes, each with

half the number of chromosomes.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Codominance is a type of inheritance where one trait is not dominant over another (so two traits show up). For example, offspring from a white rabbit and brown rabbit turn out brown and white.

Codominance is a type of inheritance where one trait is not dominant over another (so two traits show up). For

example, offspring from a white rabbit and brown rabbit turn out brown and

white.

TRUE OR FALSE?

In RNA the nitrogen base that pairs with A (adenine) is U (uracil).

In DNA A pairs with T (thymine).C (cytoseine) and G (guanine)

always pair together.

TRUE OR FALSE?

If green (G) is dominant to yellow (g) in pea plants. A heterozygous green pea plant would be represented by…GG in a genetic cross.

If green (G) is dominant to yellow (g) in pea plants. A heterozygous green pea plant

would be represented by…Gg in a genetic cross.

Heterozygous = Different Letter Case (Gg) Homozygous = Same Letter Case(GG or gg)

TRUE OR FALSE?

Protein synthesis is shown (left). Part # 1 occurs inside the nucleus and is called translation.

Protein synthesis is shown (left). Part # 1 occurs

inside the nucleus and is

called transcription. Then, it gets

translated into a protein in Part

TRUE OR FALSE?

Colorblindness is a sex-linked disorder. If a mother carries colorblindness and has a child with a man without colorblindness. There is no chance their children will have the disorder.

TRUE OR FALSE?

The nucleus physically controls what enters and leaves the cell.

The cell membrane (or plasma membrane) physically controls what enters and leaves the cell.

The nucleus is the brain of the cell. It tells things what to do by sending out copies of messages

found in the DNA stored there.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Organisms that can live in environments without oxygen are called “anaerobic organisms”.

Organisms that can live in environments without oxygen are called “anaerobic

organisms”.

Aerobic means oxygen, and organisms that are Aerobic must have oxygen to live

effectively.

TRUE OR FALSE?

The chemical DDT is a pesticide that accumulates in organisms in ecosystems causing problems at higher levels of the food chain.

The chemical DDT is a pesticide that accumulates in organisms in ecosystems causing problems at higher levels of the

food chain.

TRUE OR FALSE?

A male turkey displays his feathers for a group of females. This is called territoriality.

A male turkey displays his feathers for a group of females. This is called courtship

behavior.

Territoriality is when an organism defends his territory against other organisms.

TRUE OR FALSE?

A biome characterized by high precipitation, warm temperatures, and poor soil is the Temperate Deciduous Forest .

A biome characterized by high precipitation, warm temperatures, and poor soil is the

Tropical Rain Forest.

The Temperate Deciduous Forest is characterized by having all four seasons, rich

soil, and trees that lose their leaves in the fall.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Carbohydrates are made up of smaller subunits called amino acids.

Proteins are made up of smaller subunits called amino acids.

Carbohydrates are made up of smaller subunits called sugars and starches.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Nucleic Acids are made up of smaller subunits of glycerol and fatty acids .

Lipids are made up of smaller subunits of glycerol and fatty acids .

Nucleic Acids are made up of smaller units called nucleotides.

TRUE OR FALSE?

In active transport, energy is used to move materials from an area outside the cell where they are highly concentrated, to a lower concentration inside the cell.

In active transport, energy is used to move materials from an area outside the

cell where they are not very concentrated, to a higher concentration

inside the cell.Active = low to high (requires ATP/ energy)

Diffusion/Passive = high to low (does not use ATP/energy)

TRUE OR FALSE?

In photosynthesis carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide) is combined with water and light to make ATP.

In photosynthesis carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide) is combined with water and

light to make sugar (also known as glucose or C6H12O6.

Cellular Respiration uses sugar to make ATP!!!

TRUE OR FALSE?

Studying homologous anatomical structures is the best way to tell that two organisms are related, and possibly shared a common ancestor.

Studying DNA similarities is the best way to tell that two organisms are

related, and possibly shared a common ancestor.

DNA is always the BEST evidence!!!

TRUE OR FALSE?

Evolution, or change over time, occurs very slowly through natural selection. Nature chooses which organisms survive and reproduce.

TRUE!!!! The Correct Answer is…

Evolution, or change over time, occurs very slowly through natural selection. Nature

chooses which organisms survive and reproduce.

The “fittest” organisms, those with the best traits, are the ones that are selected for.

TRUE OR FALSE?

A plant is a multi-cellular, heterotrophic organism.

A plant is a multi-cellular, autotrophic organism.

Autotrophic = can make their own foodHeterotrophic = must eat things, can’t

make their own food

TRUE OR FALSE?

Animals store extra sugar in their cells as glycogen, and plants store extra sugar as starch.

Animals store extra sugar in their cells as glycogen, and plants store extra sugar as

starch.

TRUE OR FALSE?

A population of 100 caterpillars is sprayed with a pesticide. 10 survive and reproduce. These 10 survived because they were resistant to the pesticide. Their offspring will probably be wiped out by the pesticide when it is reapplied.

A population of 100 caterpillars is sprayed with a pesticide. 10 survive and reproduce. These 10 survived because they were resistant to the

pesticide. Their offspring will probably survive when the pesticide is reapplied.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Some diseases, like cancer and heart disease are caused by genetic and environmental factors.

Some diseases, like cancer and heart disease are caused by genetic and environmental

factors.

Limiting exposure to harmful substances can possibly push off the onset of these diseases.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Transcription is when a human gene is placed into a bacterial cell (plasmid) and the human DNA gets incorporated into the bacteria.

Transformation is when a human gene is placed into a bacterial cell (plasmid) and

the human DNA gets incorporated into the bacteria.

Genes to make products humans need, like growth hormone or insulin are often made

this way.

TRUE OR FALSE?

After an egg is fertilized it goes through the following stages of development:Zygote → Blastocyst → Embryo → Fetus

After the egg is fertilized (its called a zygote) the cell begins to divide and differentiate (turn into) a hollow ball of cells (called a blastocyst). Then, it further differentiates into an embryo

as it turns certain genes on to make certain structures (eyes, hands, heart, etc.). When it

has all parts found in an adult is called a fetus.

TRUE OR FALSE?

In estivation organisms escape very hot conditions by seeking shelter and going into a state of rest. It is the opposite of hibernation.

In estivation organisms escape very hot conditions by seeking shelter and going into

a state of rest. It is the opposite of hibernation.

•Hibernation is state of rest to escape the cold, until more favorable food conditions

exist in the spring.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Birds migrate south in the fall, going to more favorable conditions (plenty of food and warm temperatures). This is a learned behavior.

FALSE!!!!The Correct Answer is…

Birds migrate south in the fall, going to more favorable conditions where there is plenty of food and warm

temperatures. This is an innate behavior.

• Innate behaviors are there when an organism is born (crying, blinking, suckling, migrating, etc.)

•Learned behaviors must be taught, and occur in organisms with complex brains. (example - teaching a wolf cub to hunt,

practicing by play fighting, etc.

TRUE OR FALSE?

When a scientist named Pavlov fed his dogs he rang a bell each and every time. His dogs came to associate the sound of a bell with food. Anytime they heard a noise resembling a bell they started to salivate (drool). This kind of learning, where two unrelated things are associated with each other is called imprinting.

When a scientist named Pavlov fed his dogs he rang a bell each and every time. His dogs came to associate the sound of a bell with food. Anytime they heard a

noise resembling a bell they started to salivate (drool). This kind of learning, where two unrelated things are associated with each other is called conditioning.

Types of learned behaviors: • Conditioning – when an organism learns to associate 2 unrelated things (Food

and a ringing bell.) • Imprinting – learning to recognize someone or thing as “mother” (as in Conrad

Lorenz’ ducklings did). •Habituation – where an organism learns to ignore a harmless stimulus over time

(like crows and a scarecrow in a field)

TRUE OR FALSE?

As you move up a food chain or food web the amount of energy available at higher trophic (feeding) levels is reduced.

As you move up a food chain or food web the amount of energy available at higher

trophic (feeding) levels is reduced. As you move up each step only 10% of the

energy is transferred to the next level. 90% is lost through life processes (movement,

respiration, reproduction) as heat.

TRUE OR FALSE?

Global warming is the natural heating of the Earth, caused by the trapping of heat and water vapor in the atmosphere.

The Greenhouse Effect is the natural heating of the Earth, caused by the

trapping of heat and water vapor in the atmosphere.

Global warming is the unnatural heating of the Earth caused by burning fossil fuels.

eoc review game. the cytoplasm helps maintain cell shape, much like the human skeleton does

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