environmental on line iv sem
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8/8/2019 Environmental on Line IV Sem
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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009
UNIT - I
Question
The gas that absorbs the infrared radidtion is
Which among the following countries belongs to the poorest ten countries of the world ?
The mechanism by which homeostasis of nature works through
The areas where civilization reached glorious heights lie in the latitudes
The person who is associated with the definition of sustainable development is
The life supporting environment is a thin layer extending up to
Agricultural revolution occurred about
Industrial revolution took place during
Industrial revolution took place in
The person known as Father of Industrial revolution
Presently the annual population growth is
Ancient civilization like those of Greeks, Mayans, Incas, Romans, Sumerian, Indus Valley and Egyptian collapsed due to
Modern environmental movement has taken place because of
Earth summit conference was held in
Conference on Human Environment was held at
The approximate number of recognized cultures in the world is
The number of languages in the world is
One of the nations having the highest cultural diversities and highest bio diversities is
The science dealing with organisms and their inter relationship with their environment is known as
The term ecology was first introduced by
Man made environment is called
Material cycles go through
A forest is a complex community with
Closed canopy forests are those, where the tree crowns cover more than
The extent of tropical moist deciduous forest cover in India is more than
Which of the following is a non - renewable resource ?
Deforestation takes place in mountain region due to
The most severe impact of deforestation is
Social forestry is one where
Deforestation affects
Narmada Bachao andolan is headed byChipko movement was started in khejari village in Jodhpur by
Forest protection campaign started in Karnataka is known as
Forests are
The pecentage of earth covered by water is
Residence time of snow is
Residence time of water in the atmosphere is
Maximum residence time of water in revers is
Maximum density of water occurs at a temperature of
The largest fresh water lake in the world isThe largest river with the greatest discharge is
Water rich country is
Water poor country is
Cauvery water dispute is between
Mulla Periyar Water Dispute is between
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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009
The outer 16km zone of lithosphere comprises of 8 elements, of which the greatest percentage is due to
The thickness of the crust under oceans is
The one constituent which is uncommon in most of the rocks is
Metals have the following properties except one of them
Strategic metals and minerals are
In India one of the following fuel resources is most abundant
Environmental impact is greatest in the case of mining and processing
The food item which is rated as the essential for nutrition is
One of the following is not a nutrition deficiency disease. That is
One of the problems is not due to industrial agriculture. It is
Of the states given below, one has least deposit of lignite. The state is
Rural energy source in India is
Largest production of hydro electricity is carried out in
Nuclear energy often causes
Installed capacity of Hydel energy in India is
Percentage of thermal power generation in India is
Power generation by the following mode is least polluting
Fossil fuels are
Energy and manure are generated by
Power generation by which of the following is least polluting
The soil required for healthy and vigorous growth of most of the plants is
Soil comprises of
Which of the following is most important in order to make the soil most effective
Soil erosion can be prevented by
Which of the phenomenon mentioned below is the most serious on that degrades the soil in India
Biological method of soil conservation is
Process in which soil is conserved is
Extensive planting of trees to increase green cover is called
UNIT - II
Question
In living organism, which is the most likely combination of elements
In an aquatic ecosystem, the third tropic level comprises of
In a grassland ecosystem, the second trophic level is occupied byThe topmost function of an ecosystem is
The most abundant element in human body is
The most abundant element in ecosphere is
Which among the following roles played by photosynthesis in glucose production is not appropriate ?
Generally the percentage of food eaten by a consumer into its body tissue is
The gas released by producers is
The over all efficiency of natural ecosystems is
The quantity of oxygen in the atomosphere is
If the oxygen level drops by 8% of the oxygen, then the effect on humans shall beOxygen pool has accumulated due to
The total percentage of carbon located in biosphere is
Nitrogen fixation is done by the bacteria
Global cycling of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur is different from photosynthesis in that
Total yearly sulphur emission from anthropogenic sources
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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009
Which one of the following is an abiotic component of the ecosystem?
An ecosystem comprises of
Which one of the following does not exist?
Which one of the following has relation with soil effect?
A community that starts the process of succession in a habitat is called
Nudation is related to which of the following succession
A primary succession on bare rock starts with
Woodland stage is a stage that occurs in the process of
The most stable ecosystem is
Which of the food chain in correct
Which one is the correct chain?
If in a grass - > deer- >tiger, food chain, the biomass of grass is 1 tonne. Then the tiger biomass of tiger will be
In a food chain animals constitute the
The food chain in which microorganisms that breakdown dead matter is called
The concept of ecological pyramids was itroduced by
Which ecological pyramid is always upright ?
The most reliable pyramid is
Which pyramid is always an upright one?
Tundra biome occurs in
Boreal forests occur in the latitude of
Trees like pine, hemlock, cedar and fir and found in
Teak, Oak and maple trees occur
Which of the following belong to grassland?
Topical forests occur in India in
Deserts are the biomes where
The animal black buck is found in
Biodiversity is defined as
The largest number of species belongs to
If all vegetation on earth is wiped out all animals shall die due to lack of
The great Indian Bustard has become endangered species due to
The forest cover in India in percentage of land is
The taxononomic group which has the largest number is
The number of genes in rice ranges fromOf the various types of diversities given below, which one does not match with the other three?
Which one of the following does not belong to the category "key stone species"
Which one of the following 4 seasons gives plentiful of rainfall in the west coast
Wet zone in India has an annual rain fall of about
Indo Gangetic plains spread over Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar, West Bengal have the following soil
Lateritic soils are found in
Alpine vegetation is found in
Which one of the following belongs to the intrinsic value of biodiversity
Which one of the following belongs to instrumental value of biodiversityWhich one of the following is used as anticancer drug
The extract of poppy seed is used as
Which one of the properties is consumptive use
The crops which first grew in India and spreas throughout the world is
The animal that has become extinct recently is
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The area earmarked for conservation for all types of wild life is called
Number of unknown species according to UNEP is
The national park earmarked for protection of Rhinoceros is
Eravikulam national park is famous for
Which is the correct combination
Animals having high protection prospects are
Which group of vertebrates have the highest number of endangered species
According to Myers, the approximate number of plant species having edible parts and can be brought into cultivation is
Among the countries rich in plants and mammals, the rank of India is
Among the 34 biodiversity Hotspots identified in the world, India has
The animal that has been saved from extinction is
The largest number of threatened animal species
Endemic species are mostly
Which one of the following is not an in-situ conservation
In India there are
Largest national park in India is
Ex-situ conservation locations are
Which is the animal/bird which has become extinct?
The largest number of species, which are endemic to India, belongs to
In situ conservation means
Of the potential biosphere reserves identified the largest in extent is
The largest wild life sanctuary in India is
Which among the following is the largest bird sanctuary?
UNIT - III
Question
The most important indoor air pollutant is
Damage to leaf structure by air pollutants causes
Air pollutants mixing up with rain
Industrial wastes may contoin toxic
Dissolved oxygen in water comes from
Itai Itai disease in Japan was caused by consumption of rice contaminated with
Thermal pollution can be controlled by
Oil in water afects fish by affectingWhch of the following have more penetration power
Bhopal gas tragedy occurred due to leakage of
Which of the following enhance the frequency of earthquake
The point where first movement occurs during earthquake is called
Blue Baby Syndrome is caused by the presence of ---- in drinking water
Minamate disease occurred due to consumption of fish contaminated with
Power plant utilize only ----- of the energy provided by fossil fuel for their operation
Sound frequency is expressed in
As per Environmental protection rules, 1999 the permissible noise levels for fire-crackers are---- dbThe unpleasant & unwanted sound is called
Air pollutants affects plants by entering through
CO has affinity for haemoglobin ---- times more than oxygen
The most important indoor air pollutant is
Excess of ---- in drinking water causes defects in teeth & bones called fluorosis
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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009
People in Andhra Pradesh suffered from various abnormalities due to consumption of ---- contaminated cashew nuts
Pollution by heavy metal Cadmium had caused the disease called
The process by which the concentration of toxic substances builds up at successive levels of food chain are called
The process by which the substances tend to accumulate in the organism's body is called
Excess of heat reaching water bodies causes ----- pollution of water
The urban solid waste materials that can be degraded by micro-organisms are called
Earthquake generated water waves are called
Tropical cyclones are called
Peroxyacetyl nitrate is an eg for
A housewife using wood as fuel for cooking inhales BAP equivalent to ---- packets of cigarette a day
Noise can cause temperory / permanent hearing loss and it depends on ---- of sound level
The single largest source of air pollution in Calcutta is
Bhopal gas tragedy in 1984 was caused by
SO2 is
Atmospheric pollutants from volcanic eruptions affect
Thermal pollution
When solid waste does not pose a threat to the environment or to human health it is classified as
Municipalities, industries and agriculture are all sources of
Which of the following does not cause water pollution
Noise can be measured in
Which one of the chemical element is most frequently used to purify water
When a water source is used faster than it can be replaced, it is said to be
Which noise can be tolerated by human ear?
The Sound beyond which of the following level can be regarded as a pollutant.
Major ill effects of Noise pollution is
Nuclear waste comes from all of the following sources except
Highly flammable, corrosive, reactive or toxic wastes are considered
Cesium (Ce137) and Strontium (Sr90) are
When solid waste does not pose a threat to the environment or to human health it is classified as
A major burden of air pollution is carried by
Which among the following is a secondary pollutant?
The single largest source of air pollution in Calcutta is
Air pressure is measured with aWhich of the following does not cause water pollution
Most poisonous pollutant in water is
Lead in water can cause
The tropical cyclones move like a spinning top at the speed of ------ km/hr
Wooden houses are preferred in earthquake prone areas as in
UNIT-IV
Question
"The limits of Growth" was written by
Which one of the following is not associated with reducing the run-off loss of waterRain water harvesting has the following advantages
Rajendra Singh of "Tarun Bharat Sangh" was awarded Magsaysay Award for his work on
In Sardor Sarovar project displacement of about 3 lakh people occurred due to
Which one of the following gases has maximum contribution to enhanced greenhouse effect
Cattle,Sheep and termities are responsible for the release of the following greenhouse gas
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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009
The most important agentas for ozone depletion are
Maximum depletion of ozone occurs on
Chernobyl disaster is associated with
As per the Forest Act, cultivation of which of the following is a non-forest activity
Which of the following NGO's is associated with 'Chipko Movement'
The sensitizing issue of pesticide contamination of cola drinks was brought into limelight by the NGO
The concept of sustainable development was given by
The 3 R approach of resource use stands for reduse, reuse & -----
The land are from which water drains under gravity to a common drainage channel is called a
Average global temperature is 15C. In the absence of greenhouse gases the temperature would have been
In acid rain the pH of rain water falls below
The atmospheric emissions of NO2 & ---- cause acid rains
Ozone layer acts as a natural sunscreen which protects kife on this earth against --- rays
Ozone concentration is measured in --- units
Ozone depleting nature of CFC's was first reported by
The World Environment day is celebrated on
The first country in the world to make provisions for environmental protection in its constitution is
Environmental Protection Act came into force on 1986, the birth anniversary of Smt.IG
Noise has been included as pollution in the air (prevention & control) act, 1981 in the year
Due to nuclear fallout, a phenomenon opposite to global warming is expected which is known as
Crystals of Ca & MgSO4 are formed as a result of corrosion caused by
Troposphere traps heat by a natural process due to presence of certain gases & such effect is called
In case of global warming, CO2 concentration in the atmosphere was 355 ppm in 1990 increasing at a rate of --- ppm every year
By photolytic decomposition UV radiations less than --- nm decompose molecular oxygen into atomic oxygen
The modern fusion bombs are of the explosive force of ---- kilotons & ---- megatons
Economically unproductive lands suffering from environmental deterioration are known as
The average global temperature appears to have risen between --- & ------
Acid rain is measured using a scale called
The main cause of the hole in the ozone layer is due to
Watershed management was adopted in 1949 by----
The process of saving water for future utilization is known as
The most common method of rain water harvesting is
The progressive warming up of the earth's surface due to CO2 in the atmosphere is calledOther names of acid rain is
CFC release more amount of
The main source of BFC is
The major source of CFC is
Watershed otherwise called as
To maintain essential ecological process & life supporting system is main objectives of
To prevent hazards to all living creatures & protects is main objectives of
The management of rainfall & resultant runoff is called
The taj mahal in agra suffering at present due to ---- & ---- acidOzone is present in ----
1 Dobson unit is equivalent to -----
Due to nuclear explosions, a process known as opposite to global warming will occur is called ---
About 20% of the geographical area of India is ---
Which gas contributes to the global warming
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As a result of glacial melting & thermal expansion of the ocean ---- cm life is expected in sea level by 2030
The enhanced green house effect is called
The e-waste contains --- chemicals which are toxic & cause environmental pollution
In continuous leaching ---- to --- cm water is required to remove 90% of soluble salts
The accident occurs, when the workers were putting uranyl nitrate solution containing about --- kg of uranium
Ozone is present in between ---- to ----- km
UNIT - V
Question
The present world polpulation has just crossed
If a nation has an annual growth rate of 2%, its polpulation will double in
Every---- person in this world is an indian
Which state in India has the lowest birth rate
Chemicals or agents that can cause cancer are called
In Vienna World conference on Human Rights,1993 emphasis was laid for developing countries on
Declaration of Human Rights and Environment was drafted by UN at
HIV can pass from infected persons to others by
UN decade for women has been during
CEDAW deals with
ENVIS generates database on
GIS stands for
Universal Declaration of Human Rights was given by the UNO in the year
When a population increases by a fixed percentage it is called----growth
When a quantity increases by a constant amount per unit time is called
AIDS was discovered in the year
HIV has spread through---vaccine in New York,Los Angeles & San Francisco
HIV has spread in Africa through----- vaccine prepared by using monkey's kidney
HIV has spread through ----- vaccine programme of Africa
Childhood cancer rates are also increasing by ---- % every year
The declaration of principles of Human Rights & the environment has drafted on
Chemical factors may cause harmful changes in the body's conditions called
The unprecedented growth of human population at an alarming rate is reffered to as
WBC, responsible in the formation of anti-bodies are called
The enormous increase in population due to low death rate & high birth rate is termed asThe chemical factors which cause changes in body's conditions are called
CFC mainly damage ozone layer, it allows more UV rays & cause
Pesticides like DDT & Chlorinated pesticides may affect
The results of HIV are confirmed using a second test called
Increase of life expectancy is another important reason for
The most commonly used initial test for HIV is
Multimedia Digital content Manager in the form of
Europe & North america accounts for ----% of world's population
In ----, India started the family planning programme.Cough & TB for more than 6 months is a symptoms of
Persistent cough for more than one month is a symptom of
10% of body weight get reduced within a short period is a symptoms of--
India ranks --- in the world with 5.1 million HIV / AIDS affected people
Which one of the following methods of imparting value education
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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009
Slowing down the population explosion by reducing the ----
Td = 70 / r formula is used to calculate
The enormous increase in population due to low mortality and high
Which of the following is a problem not associated with population growth
The major cause of global population growth in the 18th and 19th centuries was
Population pyramids are useful to
HIV can pass from infected persons to others by
Which state in India has the lowest birth rate?
HIV/AIDS is:
HIV/AIDS is:
HIV can:
The HIV/AIDS pandemic has evolved
The number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a year is known as ___.
The nation with a "one family-one child" is _
The method used to gather information about an object without actually coming in contact with
Due to application of ----- field drugs and its replacement can be administered efficiently
Which of the following is not associated withenvironment education
Interpretations of polluted zones, degraded lands can be made based on
Which of the following is used to check unplanned growth
ENVIS functions among ----- centres all over the country
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Answer
Carbon monoxide
Tanzania
Positive and negative feedback loops
25 and 35
Gro Harlem Brundtland
15km in the atmosphere and 11km beneath the ocean surface
10,000years ago
17th and 18th centuries
England
James Watt
85 million people
Environmental degradation
Rachel Carson
Rio - de - Janeiro
Stockholm
6000
5800
Philippines
Ecology
Haeckel
Anthropogenic environment
All the four spheres
Trees, shrubs and plants - Trees, mammals and birds - Birds soil fauna and birds
20% of the ground
30%
Coal
Hydel projects and road construction
Loss of biodiversity
Public lands, sides of roads, canals and railways are afforested
Rainfall
Medha Phatkar
Amrita Devi
Appico movement
Renewable resources
71%
1year
10days
30days
4 C
Lake superior
River Nile
Gabon
Singapore
Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
Kerala and Tamil Nadu
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Oxygen
8 to 15 km
Sodium chloride
Crystalline
Those in short supply - Not produced in abundance - Metals/needed for economic and defence requirement
Lignite
Coal
Fruits and vegetables
Plague
Soil erosion
Kerala and Tamile Nadu
Wood and animal dung
Canada
Thermal pollution
24,000MW
67%
Hydro energy
Non - renewable resources
Biogas plants
Natural gas
Loam
Sand, silt, clay and humus
Nutrient holding capacity
Afforestation
Water erosion
Gulley control
Soil is protected against loss
Afforestation
Answer
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus
Crustacean
Herbivores
Primary production of food
Oxygen
Oxygen
Producing oxygen and water
10%
Oxygen
0.1 to 2.0%
21%
There will be trouble in breathing
Withdrawal of carbon from biogeochemical cycle
1%
Rhizobium
It does not from volatile compounds
is equal to that of natural processess
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Humus
Producers, consumers, decomposers and abiotic factors
Tertiary succession
Edaphic climaxes
Pioneer community
Primary succession
Lichens
Aquatic succession
Ocean
Grass- >grasshoppers- >lizards- > fox
Phytoplankton- >zooplankton- >fish
10kg
Intermediate tropic level
Detritus food chain
Charles Elton
Pyramid of energy
Pyramid of energy
Pyramid of energy
Arctic zone
45 to 60 degree N
Boreal forest
Temperate deciduous
African veldt
Kerala and assam
Temperature variation is from 0 to 50 and at middle latitudes
Thar Desert
Variety and variability among living organisms
Insects
Oxygen
Hunters
19%
Insects
32000-50000
Beta diversity
Musk deer
Season from mid June to mid September
More than 200cm
Alluvial soil
Kerala
Himalayas
For aesthetic and scientific functions
Agricultural use
Vinblastine
Analgesic
Providing vegetable
Mango
Dodo
Ch d M h
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National park
13.6 million
Kaziranga national park
Nilgiri tahr
Gir-lion
Bear and musk deer
Mammals80000
Tenth
2
Golden tamarin
Insects
Confined to a particular locality
Sacred forest
39 national parks and 492 wild life sanctuaries
Desert national park
Botanical gardens
Passenger pigeon
Amphibians
Conservation of species in their natural habitat
Gulf of Mannar
Nagarjuna sagar sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh
Chilka lake bird sanctuary, Balagaon, Orissa
Answer
Radon gas
Dead areas of leaf
High acidity
Chemicals, Phenols & Acids
atmosphere
Cadmium
Cooling ponds, Spray ponds & Cooling tower
Gills
Gamma rays
MIC
Big Dams, Underground nuclear testing & Deep well disposal of liquid wastes
Epicenter
Nitrate
Methyl mercury
one-third
Hertz &Cycles per second
125
Noise
Stomata
210
Radon gas
Fluoride
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Ch d M h 09CPBEME009
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Endosulphan
Itai-Itai
Biomagnification
Bioaccumulation
Thermal
Biodegredation
TsunamisHurricanes
Tertiary pollutants
20
Intensity & Duration
Jute mills
Methyl isocyanate.
released from coal burnings, a primary pollutant & causing asthma
All living organisms worldwide
Can kill off entire marine populationNon-hazardous waste
Water pollution
Natural, extremely deep underground aquifers
DB
Chlorine
Nonrenewable
80 decibels
80 dB
Hypertension
Hair salons
Hazardous
Non-hazardous waste products
Non-hazardous waste
Troposphere
Ozone
Jute mills
Barometer
Natural, extremely deep underground aquifers
Arsenic
Kidney damage
10 to 30
Japan
Answer
Meadows et.al
Avoids flooding of roads, Recharges ground water & Reduces run-off loss
Water conservation
Submergence of villages
CO2
Methane
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009
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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009
CFC
south pole
Nuclear accident
tea
Norwegian et.alRecycle
watershed
minus 18C
5.6
SO2
UV
Doboson
Thomas Midgley
June 5thIndia
Nov 19th
1987
Nuclear winter
acid rain
Green House Effect
1.5
243
500,10Wastelands
1 & 2 F
pH
CFC
Damodhar valley corporation
Water conservation
Root-top
Green House Effect
acid fog & acid decreaseChlorine
Fire extinguishers
refrigirants & Propellent
Drainage basin
Wild life protection act
Environmental protection act
watershed management
SO2 & H2SO4
Stratosphere0.01 mm
Nuclear winter
Wasteland
CO2
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20
global warming
>1000
0.5 to 1
16.6
10 to 50
Answer
6 billion
35 years
Sixth
Kerala
Carcinogenic
Economic rights
Geneva
contaminated syringe1975-85
Discrimination against women
coastal ecology - biodiversity - occupational health
Geographical Information System
1948
Exponential growth
Exponential growth
1983
Hepatitis B viralHIV
Small pox
6
May 16,1994
Disease
Human rights
T-helper cells
Population explosion
diseaseSkin Cancer
Food Chain
Western Blot
Population explosion
ELISA
CD-ROM
14
1952
HIVHIV
HIV
2nd
Telling
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Fertility
Doubling time
Population explosion
Increase in per capita income
Industrial revolution
Express the age sex distribution of a population
Contaminated SyringeKerala
challenges facing 21st century. - an emergency of an unprecedented nature - global disaster and world population
creating orphans - leading to increased child labour - reducing populations
only enter the body through naturally moist places - penetrate broken skin
in different ways - at varying speeds - in different parts of the world
the crude birth rate
China
Remote sensing
ITpoverty
GIS
GIS
25
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