environmental on line iv sem

8/8/2019 Environmental on Line IV Sem

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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Chandra Mohan 09CPBEME009

UNIT - I

Question

The gas that absorbs the infrared radidtion is

Which among the following countries belongs to the poorest ten countries of the world ?

The mechanism by which homeostasis of nature works through

The areas where civilization reached glorious heights lie in the latitudes

The person who is associated with the definition of sustainable development is

The life supporting environment is a thin layer extending up to

Agricultural revolution occurred about

Industrial revolution took place during

Industrial revolution took place in

The person known as Father of Industrial revolution

Presently the annual population growth is

Ancient civilization like those of Greeks, Mayans, Incas, Romans, Sumerian, Indus Valley and Egyptian collapsed due to

Modern environmental movement has taken place because of

Earth summit conference was held in

Conference on Human Environment was held at

The approximate number of recognized cultures in the world is

The number of languages in the world is

One of the nations having the highest cultural diversities and highest bio diversities is

The science dealing with organisms and their inter relationship with their environment is known as

The term ecology was first introduced by

Man made environment is called

Material cycles go through

A forest is a complex community with

Closed canopy forests are those, where the tree crowns cover more than

The extent of tropical moist deciduous forest cover in India is more than

Which of the following is a non - renewable resource ?

Deforestation takes place in mountain region due to

The most severe impact of deforestation is

Social forestry is one where

Deforestation affects

Narmada Bachao andolan is headed byChipko movement was started in khejari village in Jodhpur by

Forest protection campaign started in Karnataka is known as

Forests are

The pecentage of earth covered by water is

Residence time of snow is

Residence time of water in the atmosphere is

Maximum residence time of water in revers is

Maximum density of water occurs at a temperature of

The largest fresh water lake in the world isThe largest river with the greatest discharge is

Water rich country is

Water poor country is

Cauvery water dispute is between

Mulla Periyar Water Dispute is between


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The outer 16km zone of lithosphere comprises of 8 elements, of which the greatest percentage is due to

The thickness of the crust under oceans is

The one constituent which is uncommon in most of the rocks is

Metals have the following properties except one of them

Strategic metals and minerals are

In India one of the following fuel resources is most abundant

Environmental impact is greatest in the case of mining and processing

The food item which is rated as the essential for nutrition is

One of the following is not a nutrition deficiency disease. That is

One of the problems is not due to industrial agriculture. It is

Of the states given below, one has least deposit of lignite. The state is

Rural energy source in India is

Largest production of hydro electricity is carried out in

Nuclear energy often causes

Installed capacity of Hydel energy in India is

Percentage of thermal power generation in India is

Power generation by the following mode is least polluting

Fossil fuels are

Energy and manure are generated by

Power generation by which of the following is least polluting

The soil required for healthy and vigorous growth of most of the plants is

Soil comprises of

Which of the following is most important in order to make the soil most effective

Soil erosion can be prevented by

Which of the phenomenon mentioned below is the most serious on that degrades the soil in India

Biological method of soil conservation is

Process in which soil is conserved is

Extensive planting of trees to increase green cover is called

UNIT - II

Question

In living organism, which is the most likely combination of elements

In an aquatic ecosystem, the third tropic level comprises of

In a grassland ecosystem, the second trophic level is occupied byThe topmost function of an ecosystem is

The most abundant element in human body is

The most abundant element in ecosphere is

Which among the following roles played by photosynthesis in glucose production is not appropriate ?

Generally the percentage of food eaten by a consumer into its body tissue is

The gas released by producers is

The over all efficiency of natural ecosystems is

The quantity of oxygen in the atomosphere is

If the oxygen level drops by 8% of the oxygen, then the effect on humans shall beOxygen pool has accumulated due to

The total percentage of carbon located in biosphere is

Nitrogen fixation is done by the bacteria

Global cycling of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur is different from photosynthesis in that

Total yearly sulphur emission from anthropogenic sources


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Which one of the following is an abiotic component of the ecosystem?

An ecosystem comprises of

Which one of the following does not exist?

Which one of the following has relation with soil effect?

A community that starts the process of succession in a habitat is called

Nudation is related to which of the following succession

A primary succession on bare rock starts with

Woodland stage is a stage that occurs in the process of

The most stable ecosystem is

Which of the food chain in correct

Which one is the correct chain?

If in a grass - > deer- >tiger, food chain, the biomass of grass is 1 tonne. Then the tiger biomass of tiger will be

In a food chain animals constitute the

The food chain in which microorganisms that breakdown dead matter is called

The concept of ecological pyramids was itroduced by

Which ecological pyramid is always upright ?

The most reliable pyramid is

Which pyramid is always an upright one?

Tundra biome occurs in

Boreal forests occur in the latitude of

Trees like pine, hemlock, cedar and fir and found in

Teak, Oak and maple trees occur

Which of the following belong to grassland?

Topical forests occur in India in

Deserts are the biomes where

The animal black buck is found in

Biodiversity is defined as

The largest number of species belongs to

If all vegetation on earth is wiped out all animals shall die due to lack of

The great Indian Bustard has become endangered species due to

The forest cover in India in percentage of land is

The taxononomic group which has the largest number is

The number of genes in rice ranges fromOf the various types of diversities given below, which one does not match with the other three?

Which one of the following does not belong to the category "key stone species"

Which one of the following 4 seasons gives plentiful of rainfall in the west coast

Wet zone in India has an annual rain fall of about

Indo Gangetic plains spread over Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar, West Bengal have the following soil

Lateritic soils are found in

Alpine vegetation is found in

Which one of the following belongs to the intrinsic value of biodiversity

Which one of the following belongs to instrumental value of biodiversityWhich one of the following is used as anticancer drug

The extract of poppy seed is used as

Which one of the properties is consumptive use

The crops which first grew in India and spreas throughout the world is

The animal that has become extinct recently is


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The area earmarked for conservation for all types of wild life is called

Number of unknown species according to UNEP is

The national park earmarked for protection of Rhinoceros is

Eravikulam national park is famous for

Which is the correct combination

Animals having high protection prospects are

Which group of vertebrates have the highest number of endangered species

According to Myers, the approximate number of plant species having edible parts and can be brought into cultivation is

Among the countries rich in plants and mammals, the rank of India is

Among the 34 biodiversity Hotspots identified in the world, India has

The animal that has been saved from extinction is

The largest number of threatened animal species

Endemic species are mostly

Which one of the following is not an in-situ conservation

In India there are

Largest national park in India is

Ex-situ conservation locations are

Which is the animal/bird which has become extinct?

The largest number of species, which are endemic to India, belongs to

In situ conservation means

Of the potential biosphere reserves identified the largest in extent is

The largest wild life sanctuary in India is

Which among the following is the largest bird sanctuary?

UNIT - III

Question

The most important indoor air pollutant is

Damage to leaf structure by air pollutants causes

Air pollutants mixing up with rain

Industrial wastes may contoin toxic

Dissolved oxygen in water comes from

Itai Itai disease in Japan was caused by consumption of rice contaminated with

Thermal pollution can be controlled by

Oil in water afects fish by affectingWhch of the following have more penetration power

Bhopal gas tragedy occurred due to leakage of

Which of the following enhance the frequency of earthquake

The point where first movement occurs during earthquake is called

Blue Baby Syndrome is caused by the presence of ---- in drinking water

Minamate disease occurred due to consumption of fish contaminated with

Power plant utilize only ----- of the energy provided by fossil fuel for their operation

Sound frequency is expressed in

As per Environmental protection rules, 1999 the permissible noise levels for fire-crackers are---- dbThe unpleasant & unwanted sound is called

Air pollutants affects plants by entering through

CO has affinity for haemoglobin ---- times more than oxygen

The most important indoor air pollutant is

Excess of ---- in drinking water causes defects in teeth & bones called fluorosis


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People in Andhra Pradesh suffered from various abnormalities due to consumption of ---- contaminated cashew nuts

Pollution by heavy metal Cadmium had caused the disease called

The process by which the concentration of toxic substances builds up at successive levels of food chain are called

The process by which the substances tend to accumulate in the organism's body is called

Excess of heat reaching water bodies causes ----- pollution of water

The urban solid waste materials that can be degraded by micro-organisms are called

Earthquake generated water waves are called

Tropical cyclones are called

Peroxyacetyl nitrate is an eg for

A housewife using wood as fuel for cooking inhales BAP equivalent to ---- packets of cigarette a day

Noise can cause temperory / permanent hearing loss and it depends on ---- of sound level

The single largest source of air pollution in Calcutta is

Bhopal gas tragedy in 1984 was caused by

SO2 is

Atmospheric pollutants from volcanic eruptions affect

Thermal pollution

When solid waste does not pose a threat to the environment or to human health it is classified as

Municipalities, industries and agriculture are all sources of

Which of the following does not cause water pollution

Noise can be measured in

Which one of the chemical element is most frequently used to purify water

When a water source is used faster than it can be replaced, it is said to be

Which noise can be tolerated by human ear?

The Sound beyond which of the following level can be regarded as a pollutant.

Major ill effects of Noise pollution is

Nuclear waste comes from all of the following sources except

Highly flammable, corrosive, reactive or toxic wastes are considered

Cesium (Ce137) and Strontium (Sr90) are

When solid waste does not pose a threat to the environment or to human health it is classified as

A major burden of air pollution is carried by

Which among the following is a secondary pollutant?

The single largest source of air pollution in Calcutta is

Air pressure is measured with aWhich of the following does not cause water pollution

Most poisonous pollutant in water is

Lead in water can cause

The tropical cyclones move like a spinning top at the speed of ------ km/hr

Wooden houses are preferred in earthquake prone areas as in

UNIT-IV

Question

"The limits of Growth" was written by

Which one of the following is not associated with reducing the run-off loss of waterRain water harvesting has the following advantages

Rajendra Singh of "Tarun Bharat Sangh" was awarded Magsaysay Award for his work on

In Sardor Sarovar project displacement of about 3 lakh people occurred due to

Which one of the following gases has maximum contribution to enhanced greenhouse effect

Cattle,Sheep and termities are responsible for the release of the following greenhouse gas


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The most important agentas for ozone depletion are

Maximum depletion of ozone occurs on

Chernobyl disaster is associated with

As per the Forest Act, cultivation of which of the following is a non-forest activity

Which of the following NGO's is associated with 'Chipko Movement'

The sensitizing issue of pesticide contamination of cola drinks was brought into limelight by the NGO

The concept of sustainable development was given by

The 3 R approach of resource use stands for reduse, reuse & -----

The land are from which water drains under gravity to a common drainage channel is called a

Average global temperature is 15C. In the absence of greenhouse gases the temperature would have been

In acid rain the pH of rain water falls below

The atmospheric emissions of NO2 & ---- cause acid rains

Ozone layer acts as a natural sunscreen which protects kife on this earth against --- rays

Ozone concentration is measured in --- units

Ozone depleting nature of CFC's was first reported by

The World Environment day is celebrated on

The first country in the world to make provisions for environmental protection in its constitution is

Environmental Protection Act came into force on 1986, the birth anniversary of Smt.IG

Noise has been included as pollution in the air (prevention & control) act, 1981 in the year

Due to nuclear fallout, a phenomenon opposite to global warming is expected which is known as

Crystals of Ca & MgSO4 are formed as a result of corrosion caused by

Troposphere traps heat by a natural process due to presence of certain gases & such effect is called

In case of global warming, CO2 concentration in the atmosphere was 355 ppm in 1990 increasing at a rate of --- ppm every year

By photolytic decomposition UV radiations less than --- nm decompose molecular oxygen into atomic oxygen

The modern fusion bombs are of the explosive force of ---- kilotons & ---- megatons

Economically unproductive lands suffering from environmental deterioration are known as

The average global temperature appears to have risen between --- & ------

Acid rain is measured using a scale called

The main cause of the hole in the ozone layer is due to

Watershed management was adopted in 1949 by----

The process of saving water for future utilization is known as

The most common method of rain water harvesting is

The progressive warming up of the earth's surface due to CO2 in the atmosphere is calledOther names of acid rain is

CFC release more amount of

The main source of BFC is

The major source of CFC is

Watershed otherwise called as

To maintain essential ecological process & life supporting system is main objectives of

To prevent hazards to all living creatures & protects is main objectives of

The management of rainfall & resultant runoff is called

The taj mahal in agra suffering at present due to ---- & ---- acidOzone is present in ----

1 Dobson unit is equivalent to -----

Due to nuclear explosions, a process known as opposite to global warming will occur is called ---

About 20% of the geographical area of India is ---

Which gas contributes to the global warming


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As a result of glacial melting & thermal expansion of the ocean ---- cm life is expected in sea level by 2030

The enhanced green house effect is called

The e-waste contains --- chemicals which are toxic & cause environmental pollution

In continuous leaching ---- to --- cm water is required to remove 90% of soluble salts

The accident occurs, when the workers were putting uranyl nitrate solution containing about --- kg of uranium

Ozone is present in between ---- to ----- km

UNIT - V

Question

The present world polpulation has just crossed

If a nation has an annual growth rate of 2%, its polpulation will double in

Every---- person in this world is an indian

Which state in India has the lowest birth rate

Chemicals or agents that can cause cancer are called

In Vienna World conference on Human Rights,1993 emphasis was laid for developing countries on

Declaration of Human Rights and Environment was drafted by UN at

HIV can pass from infected persons to others by

UN decade for women has been during

CEDAW deals with

ENVIS generates database on

GIS stands for

Universal Declaration of Human Rights was given by the UNO in the year

When a population increases by a fixed percentage it is called----growth

When a quantity increases by a constant amount per unit time is called

AIDS was discovered in the year

HIV has spread through---vaccine in New York,Los Angeles & San Francisco

HIV has spread in Africa through----- vaccine prepared by using monkey's kidney

HIV has spread through ----- vaccine programme of Africa

Childhood cancer rates are also increasing by ---- % every year

The declaration of principles of Human Rights & the environment has drafted on

Chemical factors may cause harmful changes in the body's conditions called

The unprecedented growth of human population at an alarming rate is reffered to as

WBC, responsible in the formation of anti-bodies are called

The enormous increase in population due to low death rate & high birth rate is termed asThe chemical factors which cause changes in body's conditions are called

CFC mainly damage ozone layer, it allows more UV rays & cause

Pesticides like DDT & Chlorinated pesticides may affect

The results of HIV are confirmed using a second test called

Increase of life expectancy is another important reason for

The most commonly used initial test for HIV is

Multimedia Digital content Manager in the form of

Europe & North america accounts for ----% of world's population

In ----, India started the family planning programme.Cough & TB for more than 6 months is a symptoms of

Persistent cough for more than one month is a symptom of

10% of body weight get reduced within a short period is a symptoms of--

India ranks --- in the world with 5.1 million HIV / AIDS affected people

Which one of the following methods of imparting value education


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Slowing down the population explosion by reducing the ----

Td = 70 / r formula is used to calculate

The enormous increase in population due to low mortality and high

Which of the following is a problem not associated with population growth

The major cause of global population growth in the 18th and 19th centuries was

Population pyramids are useful to

HIV can pass from infected persons to others by

Which state in India has the lowest birth rate?

HIV/AIDS is:

HIV/AIDS is:

HIV can:

The HIV/AIDS pandemic has evolved

The number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a year is known as ___.

The nation with a "one family-one child" is _

The method used to gather information about an object without actually coming in contact with

Due to application of ----- field drugs and its replacement can be administered efficiently

Which of the following is not associated withenvironment education

Interpretations of polluted zones, degraded lands can be made based on

Which of the following is used to check unplanned growth

ENVIS functions among ----- centres all over the country


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Answer

Carbon monoxide

Tanzania

Positive and negative feedback loops

25 and 35

Gro Harlem Brundtland

15km in the atmosphere and 11km beneath the ocean surface

10,000years ago

17th and 18th centuries

England

James Watt

85 million people

Environmental degradation

Rachel Carson

Rio - de - Janeiro

Stockholm

6000

5800

Philippines

Ecology

Haeckel

Anthropogenic environment

All the four spheres

Trees, shrubs and plants - Trees, mammals and birds - Birds soil fauna and birds

20% of the ground

30%

Coal

Hydel projects and road construction

Loss of biodiversity

Public lands, sides of roads, canals and railways are afforested

Rainfall

Medha Phatkar

Amrita Devi

Appico movement

Renewable resources

71%

1year

10days

30days

4 C

Lake superior

River Nile

Gabon

Singapore

Karnataka and Tamil Nadu

Kerala and Tamil Nadu


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Oxygen

8 to 15 km

Sodium chloride

Crystalline

Those in short supply - Not produced in abundance - Metals/needed for economic and defence requirement

Lignite

Coal

Fruits and vegetables

Plague

Soil erosion

Kerala and Tamile Nadu

Wood and animal dung

Canada

Thermal pollution

24,000MW

67%

Hydro energy

Non - renewable resources

Biogas plants

Natural gas

Loam

Sand, silt, clay and humus

Nutrient holding capacity

Afforestation

Water erosion

Gulley control

Soil is protected against loss

Afforestation

Answer

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

Crustacean

Herbivores

Primary production of food

Oxygen

Oxygen

Producing oxygen and water

10%

Oxygen

0.1 to 2.0%

21%

There will be trouble in breathing

Withdrawal of carbon from biogeochemical cycle

1%

Rhizobium

It does not from volatile compounds

is equal to that of natural processess


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Humus

Producers, consumers, decomposers and abiotic factors

Tertiary succession

Edaphic climaxes

Pioneer community

Primary succession

Lichens

Aquatic succession

Ocean

Grass- >grasshoppers- >lizards- > fox

Phytoplankton- >zooplankton- >fish

10kg

Intermediate tropic level

Detritus food chain

Charles Elton

Pyramid of energy

Pyramid of energy

Pyramid of energy

Arctic zone

45 to 60 degree N

Boreal forest

Temperate deciduous

African veldt

Kerala and assam

Temperature variation is from 0 to 50 and at middle latitudes

Thar Desert

Variety and variability among living organisms

Insects

Oxygen

Hunters

19%

Insects

32000-50000

Beta diversity

Musk deer

Season from mid June to mid September

More than 200cm

Alluvial soil

Kerala

Himalayas

For aesthetic and scientific functions

Agricultural use

Vinblastine

Analgesic

Providing vegetable

Mango

Dodo

Ch d M h


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National park

13.6 million

Kaziranga national park

Nilgiri tahr

Gir-lion

Bear and musk deer

Mammals80000

Tenth

2

Golden tamarin

Insects

Confined to a particular locality

Sacred forest

39 national parks and 492 wild life sanctuaries

Desert national park

Botanical gardens

Passenger pigeon

Amphibians

Conservation of species in their natural habitat

Gulf of Mannar

Nagarjuna sagar sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh

Chilka lake bird sanctuary, Balagaon, Orissa

Answer

Radon gas

Dead areas of leaf

High acidity

Chemicals, Phenols & Acids

atmosphere

Cadmium

Cooling ponds, Spray ponds & Cooling tower

Gills

Gamma rays

MIC

Big Dams, Underground nuclear testing & Deep well disposal of liquid wastes

Epicenter

Nitrate

Methyl mercury

one-third

Hertz &Cycles per second

125

Noise

Stomata

210

Radon gas

Fluoride

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Ch d M h 09CPBEME009


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Endosulphan

Itai-Itai

Biomagnification

Bioaccumulation

Thermal

Biodegredation

TsunamisHurricanes

Tertiary pollutants

20

Intensity & Duration

Jute mills

Methyl isocyanate.

released from coal burnings, a primary pollutant & causing asthma

All living organisms worldwide

Can kill off entire marine populationNon-hazardous waste

Water pollution

Natural, extremely deep underground aquifers

DB

Chlorine

Nonrenewable

80 decibels

80 dB

Hypertension

Hair salons

Hazardous

Non-hazardous waste products

Non-hazardous waste

Troposphere

Ozone

Jute mills

Barometer

Natural, extremely deep underground aquifers

Arsenic

Kidney damage

10 to 30

Japan

Answer

Meadows et.al

Avoids flooding of roads, Recharges ground water & Reduces run-off loss

Water conservation

Submergence of villages

CO2

Methane



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CFC

south pole

Nuclear accident

tea

Norwegian et.alRecycle

watershed

minus 18C

5.6

SO2

UV

Doboson

Thomas Midgley

June 5thIndia

Nov 19th

1987

Nuclear winter

acid rain

Green House Effect

1.5

243

500,10Wastelands

1 & 2 F

pH

CFC

Damodhar valley corporation

Water conservation

Root-top

Green House Effect

acid fog & acid decreaseChlorine

Fire extinguishers

refrigirants & Propellent

Drainage basin

Wild life protection act

Environmental protection act

watershed management

SO2 & H2SO4

Stratosphere0.01 mm

Nuclear winter

Wasteland

CO2



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20

global warming

>1000

0.5 to 1

16.6

10 to 50

Answer

6 billion

35 years

Sixth

Kerala

Carcinogenic

Economic rights

Geneva

contaminated syringe1975-85

Discrimination against women

coastal ecology - biodiversity - occupational health

Geographical Information System

1948

Exponential growth

Exponential growth

1983

Hepatitis B viralHIV

Small pox

6

May 16,1994

Disease

Human rights

T-helper cells

Population explosion

diseaseSkin Cancer

Food Chain

Western Blot


ELISA

CD-ROM

14

1952

HIVHIV

HIV

2nd

Telling



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Fertility

Doubling time


Increase in per capita income

Industrial revolution

Express the age sex distribution of a population

Contaminated SyringeKerala

challenges facing 21st century. - an emergency of an unprecedented nature - global disaster and world population

creating orphans - leading to increased child labour - reducing populations

only enter the body through naturally moist places - penetrate broken skin

in different ways - at varying speeds - in different parts of the world

the crude birth rate

China

Remote sensing

ITpoverty

GIS

GIS

25

environmental on line iv sem

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