ensc 440/ensc 305 15 december 2009 1. shamsul hoque (sam) chief executive officer amir najafzadeh...
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ENSC 440/ENSC 30515 December 2009
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Shamsul Hoque (Sam) Chief Executive Officer
Amir Najafzadeh Chief Financial Officer
Zhouhao Cui (Joe) Chief Technical Officer
Milad Moezzi Chief Marketing Officer
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Motivation Team Members’ Roles Team Dynamics System Overview High Level System
Design Alternative Solution Marketability Future Upgrades
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Environmental Considerations
Project Specifics Lessons learnt Conclusion Resources Acknowledgements Questions Low Level System Details
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Motivation Team Members’ Roles Team Dynamics System Overview High Level System
Design Alternative Solution Marketability Future Upgrades
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ACSR Wire
Splice Faulty Splice
Splice in a Transmission Line
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Dangers of a faulty Splice Loss of power and electricity transmission Live wire may fall on ground! May even cause electrocution and forest
fires!!
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A typical splice lasts about 20-30 years. Why change it if there is no damage?
After researching expensive not-so-effective existing solutions, we were looking for an alternative
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Zhuohao Cui (Joe) Hardware Design Software
Implementation Research and
Development Shamsul Hoque (Sam)
Research and Development
Quality Assurance Documentation
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Amir Najafzadeh Research and
Development Hardware Design Budgeting
Milad Moezzi Marketing and Finances Hardware Design Troubleshooting
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Efficient weekly meetings were held
Each member was assigned tasks with specific deadlines
Disagreements were overcome maturely
Progress was monitored on a weekly basis
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An alternating magnetic field is generated around a conducting wire
Due to corrosion and other factors, as splices deteriorate, conducting wires slowly loose contact
As strands start becoming inactive, a change in magnetic field intensity can be observed
A Hall Effect Sensor or other sensors can be used to measure this alternating magnetic field intensity
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Operational Algorithm
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Control Unit Hall Effect
Sensors Microcontroller Voltage
Regulators Shifter Circuit Software
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Hall Effect Sensors are able to measure magnetic
field intensity directly in to mili volts (mV), once placed near a current conducting splice
can measure a wide range of magnetic field strengths unlike other sensors
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An actual size HE Sensor
Microcontroller Once input data has been
collected by the Hall Effect Sensors, a Arduino Duemilanove board processes this data
The board has a Atmel ATmega328 chip. It also has a built in analog to digital data converter
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Arduino Duemilanove PIC board
Microcontroller There is a built in 32 kilo bytes
(KB) flash memory, which is more than enough to store sufficient data for one scanning process. After each scanning process, stored data is reset.
There is a dedicated software provided by the manufacturer free of cost which is related to this board
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Arduino Duemilanove PIC board
Shifter Circuit Tests were carried out on a
overhead cable.
When only one strand was conducting current the output voltage was 2.4401V
When all the strands were conducting current the output voltage was 2.508 V
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Voltage Regulator circuit to provide a constant Vcc for a Shifter circuit
Shifter Circuit This provided a very small range
of 60.7 mV to determine a splice’s health
We need a shifter circuit to map the 2.4401-2.508V range to 0-5V range
We also need a voltage regulator to make sure the Op Amp receives constant voltage supply from the source
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Shifter circuit calculations and results
User Interface Unit LCD
This LCD does not require an additional power source to operate. It can be powered using the power from the microcontroller
LEDs The green LED is used to show that data
is within optimal range. The red LED is used to indicate data is out
of range. The blue LED lights up when data is
irrelevant or there is insufficient data.
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Infrared Thermography Technique Use infrared cameras to detect hot
spots.
This process can detect hot spots to determine failures only at later stages of a splice’s life under certain conditions
Wind flow and weather conditions can significantly impact test results
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Resistance Measurement A properly installed splice has lower
resistance than that of a similar length conductor.
It should have a resistance of 30%-80% of the conductor; i.e., the ratio is 0.3-0.8. Any splice with a ratio greater than 1.2 will heat up and show abnormality. Replacements should be made if the ratio goes over 2.0
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X-Ray/Radiography Method Improper installation or misplaced
splices can be a major cause of splice failures.
But this is not an accurate indication of a failed splice as proper placement and alignment do not assure lifetime connection.
It is a costly method to carry out
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Business case
Who would be interested in the product?
Power transmission cable companies Auto-Splice makers Power line maintenance companies Tie-line data management companies
Between countries Between provinces and states
Turbine cross-cables, induced machine cables
Cost
Cost
Cheap i.e. 90-100$ Even cheaper if mass produced
No other product with same accuracy and simplicity Accuracy- Rises as testing period decreases Simplicity- Simple to use, maintain
Way cheaper, when compared with power losses and hazards associated
Cost
Reduces operation cost, from engineering, or high level positions to technicians
As it takes few minutes for each connection point. Big savings on overall costs
Very feasible
Competitors
Competitors
Thermal testing Costly Inefficient Hard to operate
Node by Node Only operational when cable has already failed Power shut off Hard to test and replace in harsh climates
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Hall Effect Sensor Noise Reducing Circuit This is a very simple circuitry that might be
used to reduce introduced noise.
This circuit can be particularly useful where the data is irrelevant and can be filtered out.
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Integrating Hot Stick and separating the user interface unit The ASCA device has multiple power
sources. This gives the device added portability and a chance to power/operate the device from a laptop or an alternating power source.
In future models, for instantaneous observations, the user interface unit can be separated and held in hand while the rest of the device is mounted on overhead wire. For this model to be produced, wiring needs to be incorporated with the hot stick.
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Environmental Considerations
Project Specifics Conclusion Resources Acknowledgements Questions Low Level System Details
Time Line
Time Line
Started On Time ?
Meet The Deadlines ?
The Outcome ?
BUDGETWhat we paid for:
Arduino Micro Controller $45 LEDs $3 LCD Display $17 Bread Board $21 Hall Effect Sensors $50 Regulators $1 Wireless Circuit $25 Battery $35 Electric Kettle $25 Transmission Cable $70
Total $292
COST
Designed to be cheap
Estimated Unit Price: $100
Conclusion
Software
Programming micro-controller i.e. Arduino Applied C++ to coding and debugging LCD display coding and encoding Control of different components in the
circuit, i.e. sensors, LEDs, LCD Timing, between the data captures and
desired time
Hardware
Arduino Duemilanova connections Sensors and regulators Shifting the voltage value to desired Single power source Concepts of load Isolation and cable preparation for testing
In General
Mapping university studies with applied concepts and practices
Management individual and team duties Deadline and what they mean in real world Keeping log book and journal for
organization purposes Communitarian skills and team dynamics
Acknowledgement
Dr. John Bird Steve Whitmore Jason Lee RP Electronics Lee’s Electronics
Questions
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