education pays. what do you want to be when you grow up? n many possibilities to use your biological...

Education Pays

What do you want to be when you grow up?

Many possibilities to use your biological education. Biologist Life Scientist Doctor/Nurse BioEngineer Chemical Engineer

YOUR DECISION HAS $$$ CONSEQUENCES!

Job Growth Growth rate is ~35%/yr

Salary Information Median Salary for B.S. =$35k/yr Starting Salary ~$24/yr-$30k/yr

Catalase

The Enzyme

Using Enzymes in Industry

Catalase

Liver Enzyme Reaction

decomposition of peroxide

2 H2O2 ----> 2 H2O + O2(g) Catalase acts as a catalyst

increases the rate of reaction

Rate Plot

Catalase Enzyme

Catalase - Tetramer

Catalase Active Site

Heam Site

Catalase Mechanism

2 H2O2 <----> 2 H2O + O2(g)

Catalase Mechanism

tm

ms

ts

WEkVk

kWkK

KS

SVrRate

MentenMichaelis

WkkSk

SWEkkrRate

2max1

12

max

211

21

,

k1 Fast!! k2 Slow

k1 = Enzyme-Substrate Association

k1 Runs at 4x the Speed Limit, Diffusion Limit

k1 = 4 x 108 Liter/(mole sec)

k2 = Product Kickout from Active Site Much Slower than the Speed Limit Speed limit 1010 1/sec

k2 ~10 1/sec

Rate Plot

Hayes’ Data

-0.10

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

S(mole/liter)

rate

(mol

e/lit

er/m

in)

Catalase Mechanism

tm

ms

ts

WEkVk

kWkK

KS

SVrRate

MentenMichaelis

WkkSk

SWEkkrRate

2max1

12

max

211

21

,

Constant Determination

bmxy

VSV

K

SV

KS

rmm

s

maxmaxmax

111

1/(-rs)

1/S

1/Vmax

Slope=Km/Vmax

Hayes’ DataRate Reduction

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

1/S

1/ra

te

Series1

Series2

Series3

Series4

1/Vmax

slope=Km/Vmax

Effect of Catalase Concentration

Effect of Temperature

Effect of pH

To Do Biology, you need

Chemistry Mathematics

Engineering!