ecology living things and their environment introduction to ecology
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Ecology
Living Things and Their Environment
Introduction to Ecology
Ecology
• Environment
• Ecosystem
• All of the living and nonliving things in an area
• All the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with one another
Living Things Interact with One Another
• Community
• Population
• All of the living things that live in an area
• A group of organisms that are the same species living together in an area
Roles in an Ecosystem
• Habitat
• Niche
• The place where an organism lives
• The role the organism plays in the ecosystem
(its job)
Ecosystems
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Food and Energy in the Environment
• Producers (autotrophs)
• Consumers (heterotrophs)
• Decomposers
• Organisms that go through photosynthesis to make food
• Organism that feeds directly or indirectly on producers
• Organisms that break down dead organisms
Producers, Consumers, Decomposers
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Types of Consumers
• Herbivores
• Carnivores
• Omnivores
• Animal that eat only plants
• Animal that eats only meat (other animals)
• Animals that eat both plants and animals
Food Chains
• When energy is transferred from one organism to the another
• Sun Corn Deer Coyote
Food Webs• A diagram that consists of many food chains
• Snakes mountain lionhawk
• Miceowl rabbits deer
• Grass carrots trees• SUN
Food Chains & Food Webs
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Energy Pyramids
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Food Web
Energy Pyramid
Competition/Predation
• Competition
• Predation
• Organisms struggle with one another for food, mates, territory
• Organisms catch, kill, and eat other living things
• Predator- hunts• Prey - gets hunted
Succession
• The natural progression of an ecosystem from start to finish.
• Happens after a disaster wipes an area out.
• Examples: volcanoes, forest fires, flooding
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