ece 4901 final presentation team 2117: underwater data
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ECE 4901 Final PresentationTeam 2117: Underwater Data TransferRyan Harvey, Kiran Nadkarni, Harris Yousafzai
Project Overview - Sponsored by General Dynamics Electric
Boat (Contact: Eric Hultgren)
- Designing a Wireless Data Transfer System
for Underwater Use
- Theoretical Use Case Between UUV and
Submarine
- Collaboration Between ECE, CSE, and MechE
2
Specifications and Constraints
- Minimum Accepted Data Transfer Rate: 100
kBps
- Maximum Goal Data Transfer Rate: 1 GBps
- Transfer Quality: 100% No Lost Packets
- Maximum Data Transfer Equipment Current: 3 A
- Maximum Exposed Terminal voltage: 30 VDC
- Materials and components selected must be:
- Corrosion Resistant
- Seawater Capable
- Depth capable for UUV
- Safe for Underwater Life
- Maximum Distance of 30 Ft.
- Operating Temperature of (0°C - 36.6°C)
3
Specifications Cont. - Riptide UUV Specifications
4
Source: Electric Boat
Source: Electric Boat
Figure 1: Picture of Riptide UUV
Table 1: Specifications of Riptide UUV
Background - Revisited
- Optical Communication: Alternative to
Acoustic & RF
- Advantages:
- Much higher Data Rate (~Gbps)
- Low Latency
- Low attenuation (~0.39 dB/m
Ocean)
- Much more energy efficient
(~30,000 bits/J)
- Higher Speed (~2.225x10^8 m/s)
5
Background - Revisited
- Optical Communication: Alternative to
Acoustic & RF
- Disadvantages:
- Not available as COTS product
- No clear industry standard optical
platform
- Potential for LOS issues
- High degree of complexity
6
Approach/Design - Optical/Laser based Data Transfer System
- Deliverables
- MATLAB/Simulink model
- Modulation Scheme source code
- Thermal analysis and theoretical waterproof
casing
- Scaled down PoC hardware implementation
- Roles of ECE alongside MechE and CSE for this
project
7
Approach/Design - Optical Communication System
- Blue light
- 10mW - 5W optical transmission power
- Operating Temperature of -5°C - 40°C
- LED/Semiconductor Laser (~405 - 450 nm
wavelength)
- Photodiode Receiver
- Microprocessor/Arduino Modulation
- Appropriate Amplifier Circuit for Transmitter
- Factors of Data Rate and Information Loss
8
Figure 2: Block diagram of system
Expected Deliverables
- Continually developed Research Presentation
- Existing research into various optical
platforms
- Costs/Benefits of various optical
technologies
- Potential for integration into UUV units
- Potential for scaling to multi-unit
communication
- Proof of Concept Hardware Implementation
- Scaled-down hardware and output data rate
9
Simulink Model Structure
● Three Part General System:
○ Signal Generation
○ Undersea Channel Dynamics
○ Signal Reception
10
Simulink Model Structure
● Undersea Channel Dynamics
Modeled as General Second Order
State Space approximation
● Specific Dynamics based on
Propagation loss as a function of
wavelength and distance traveled
● System specified to determine
Transmitted, Absorbed and
Scattered Power 11
Simulink Model Structure
Undersea Channel Dynamics are generally
split into two categories:
○ LOS (Line of Sight) Links
○ NLOS (non-Line of Sight) Links
Active research uses one of two methods to
model Undersea Channels:
○ Gauss-Seidel Numerical
Approximation (Ultimately
Producing a SS Approximation)
○ Monte-Carlo Simulation of
Dynamics 12
Simulink Model Structure
Signal Generation will consist of three
components:
○ Original Signal Information
○ Pulse Width Modulation
○ Laser Diode Dynamics
13
Simulink Model Structure
Signal Reception will also consist of
three components:
○ Photodiode Dynamics
○ Pulse Width Demodulation
(within the Arduino)
○ Filtering and Reconstruction
(What the Arduino Sends
Outward)
14
Tentative Part List
15
Table 2: Index of Potential Circuit Parts
Circuit Diagrams(Transmitter)
16
D1450nm
Laser Diode
GND
Figure 3: Diagram of Transmitter Circuit
Circuit Diagram(Receiver)
17
D1450 nm
Photodiode
GND
D2 LED
Figure 4: Diagram of Receiver Circuit
Modulation Technologies
- Direct Modulation & External Modulation
- Coherent Mod. & Intensity Mod.
- Commonly Used Protocols:- On-Off Keying- Pulse Position Modulation- Pulse Width Modulation- Phase Shift Keying- Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
18
FEC Channel Coding - Necessary to combat Attenuation of Seawater
- Practice of including redundancy into message
- Benefits are seen to Range and Power Use- Slight Detriment to Maximum Bandwidth - Commonly Used Coders
- Block Codes- Low Density Parity Check- Reed Solomon- Turbo/Trellis Coded Modulation- Convolutional
19
Project Management
20Table 3: Gantt Chart of Project Timeline
Project Management
21Table 4: RACI Chart of Team Responsibilities
References - Underwater Optical Wireless Communication
Oliveira & Salas 2020 REPSOL
- General Dynamics EB Capstone Project
Details
- Sponsor Provided Notional Parameters and
Requirements
- Riptide UUV specifications Documentation
- Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced
Materials
- On the Use of a Direct Radiative Transfer
Equation Solver for Path Loss Calculation in
Underwater Optical Wireless Channels IEEE
Wireless Communications 201522
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