earth & space science chapter 2 mapping our world
Post on 13-Dec-2015
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Mapping the Earth• Latitude
o Parallelo Equator = 0⁰o Poles = 90⁰
• Longitude o Semicircles, not
parallelo Prime meridian = 0⁰ o International Date
Line = 180⁰o 15⁰ = 1 hour
Map projections
• It is difficult to represent the three dimensional Earth on a two dimensional map.
• All maps have distortions. Different types of maps are used for different purposes.
• Map projections:– Mercator– Conic– Gnomonic
Mercator projection
•Able to show most of the earth’s landmasses•Distortion increases with distance from equator
Rules for Contour Lines
• Contour lines never cross or intersect.• When a contour line crosses a river the “V”
always points upstream. • The slope is steep when the contour lines are
close and flat when contour lines are far apart.
• Contour lines form loops or are lines that go the edge of the map
Sinkholes and Craters
• A depression is shown by contour lines with small “hachures” pointing toward the lowest point.
Match profile and contour map
• A profile is the side view of a land surface between two points on a topographic map representing the shape of the land.
Remote Sensing
• Landsat Satellite: – visible and infrared radiation– Scan Earth’s entire surface in 16 days
• TOPEX/Poseidon– High frequency radar signals– Ocean floor and sea level mapping from satellite
• Sea Beam– Sonar (sound waves) ocean floor mapping from a
ship
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