e waste.2014.university sulaiamany.biology.dashty rihany

ELECTRONIC WASTE

Biology department

Practical Pollution2014

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE

Prepared by: Dashty L. Rihany

Content of seminar

What is E-waste?What is E-waste?

Sources Of E-WasteSources Of E-Waste

Types of E-wastesTypes of E-wastes

Effect of E-waste on Human BodyEffect of E-waste on Human Body

How these become E-Waste?How these become E-Waste?

Why e-waste Management?Why e-waste Management?

Methods for disposal E-WasteMethods for disposal E-Waste

StatisticsStatistics

ConclusionConclusion

ReferencesReferences

Solid Waste

Municipal waste

Electronic waste

Biomedical waste

Industrial waste 3

Electronic waste

What is E-Waste?

What is E-Waste?

• E-waste is a general term which generally defines almost all types of electronic and electrical devices that has entered the waste stream and can no longer be used but results into electronic hazards.

• Unwanted or unusable electronic products such as computers, computer peripherals, televisions, VCRs, DVD Players, stereo equipment, hand cell phones, refrigerators, washing machines.

Telecommunication Waste:

• Mobile phones• Telephones• Telephone exchanges Wireless Equipment cables and related scrap material• PC and TV

Electrical Waste:

• Switches• Relays• Connectors and related Scrap Material.

Electronic Waste:

• Electronic – metal waste• Printed Circuit Boards• E – Equipment and Machinery• IC• Sockets Connectors.

Cable Waste:

• PVC• Pre Insulated Copper and Aluminium Cable waste. 6

Electronic waste

Electric waste

E-waste RatioMonitors 10%

Televisions 10%

Computers, telephones, fax, printers, etc. 15%

DVD/VCR Players, CD players, radios, Hi-Fi sets etc. 15%

Refrigerators 20%

Washing machines, dryers, air-conditioners, vacuum cleaners, Coffee machines, toasters, 30% irons etc.

HAZARDOUS ELEMENTS IN E-WASTE

SulphurLeadBerylliumBariumCadmiumMercurysilicon

E-waste contains heavy metals that can be harmful to Human Body

Source of e-waste Constituent Health EffectsSolder in printed circuit boards, glass panels and gaskets in computer monitors.

Lead Damage to nervous and blood systems.kidney damage. Affects brain development.

Chip resistors and semiconductors, Cell phone batteries

Cadmium Toxic irreversible effects. Accumulates in kidney andliver.

Relays and switches, printed circuit boards,

Flat TV screens.

Mercury (Hg) Neural damage. Damage to brain. Respiratory and skin disorders.

Front panel of CRTs Barium (Ba) Muscle weakness Damage to heart, liver and skin.

Cabling and computer housing

Plastics including PVC Immune system damage,Interfere with regulatory hormones.

• E-waste is growing at a fast pace because many new items introduced in the market everyday are replacing them.

• Changes and Advancement in technology.• Changes in fashion, style, and status.• Attractive offers from manufacturers.• Changing configuration.• Small life of equipments.

How these become E-Waste?How these become E-Waste?

1. Open Dumping:

This is the most common form of dumping. The people dispose e waste along shorelines into the sea, burn harmful substances like plastic into air and may result into many other hazardous.

2. Land filling:

This method includes disposal of wastes by burial. It causes pollution in the locale, fatal accident may occur, off gassing Methane gas and other problems.

3. Incineration:

This process includes the combustion of organic substances available in the waste materials. This process converts the waste into ash, gas and heat.

E-waste Management Solution ProvidersE-waste Management Solution Providers

E-waste Management Steps:E-waste Management Steps:

WHY E-WASTE MANAGEMENT?WHY E-WASTE MANAGEMENT?

• Pollution of ground water.• Acidification of soil.• Emission of toxic fumes and gases.

• Fastest growing portion of municipal wastes.

• Releases carcinogenic substances into the air.

StatisticsStatistics

• Only 13% of electronic waste is disposed and recycled properly.

• According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), an

estimated 30 to 40 million PCs will be ready for "end-of-life

management in each of the next few years

•  About 25 million TVs are taken out of service yearly.

•  According to the UN Environment Programme, the worldwide total

for e-waste could be 50 million tons per year.

• Electronics already makes up 1% of the municipal solid waste stream.

• Asia-estimate of 15 million tons/ year.

•

50-80% e-waste collected in US and other developedCountries exported to third world countries.

•

In the history of technology!!!

WHAT CAN CONSUMERS DO?

Keep your old electronics longer instead of replacing them.

If discarding old electronics, be sure to recycle them at a trusted recycling center.

Purchase electronics that do not contain hazardous materials.

Conclusion

WHAT CAN PRODUCERS DO?

Extended producer responsibility. Design for environment. Take back offer & incentives.

WHAT CAN GOVTS/REGULATORS DO?

Provide subsidy for e-cycling to producers.Keep track of collection & recycling.Regulate recyclers.Create public awareness.Eco-labeling.

E-wasteE-waste

The best morality is appeared when you know what do you do with your waste!?

Penalties for those who don’t follow the legislation

Recover

Reduce Reuse

Recycle

• http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/features/poisoning-the-poor-electroni/

• http://www.it-green.co.uk/uk_business_recycling/what-computer-waste-is-hazardous/

• http://www.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/smm/electronics/index.htm• http://www.electronicstakeback.com/how-to-recycle-electronics/• Ted Smith, Executive Director, Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition,

“Should PC Makers Recycle Wares?” – zdnet, June 24, 1999.• S. Chatterjee and Krishna Kumar (2009). “Effective electronic waste

management and recycling process involving formal and non-formal sectors, Vol.4(13) , pp. 893-905.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_tvvDZSTxM• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGzG4IDdKAQ

ReferencesReferences