description and portability of cloud services with usdl and tosca

Jorge Cardoso Dept. Engenharia Informatica/CISUC

University of Coimbra Coimbra, Portugal

jcardoso@dei.uc.pt

// 22 August 2012 //

Department of Informatics IT Management & Consulting

University of Hamburg, Germany

2012 1 Genessiz: Center for Large-Scale Service System Research

Description and portability of cloud services with USDL and TOSCA

Topics

• Motivation for business services

• Service modeling with USDL

• Portability of services with TOSCA

• Putting together USDL and TOSCA

2012 Genessiz: Center for Large-Scale Service System Research 2

Research on services

• Software and IT perspective – SOA, ITIL, WSDL…

• Sales, communications and business

models perspective – Marketing, pricing, channels, …

• Design perspective – Blueprinting, personas, customer journey, …

Software and IT perspective • Service architectures

– SOA and SoaML

• Best practices – ITIL and CMMI for Services

• Service description languages

– WSDL , OWL-S, and WSMO

• Business-oriented descriptions – e3value, e3service, business models

2012 Genessiz: Center for Large-Scale Service System Research 5 e3value

WSDL Services as _functions_

Services as _business_

_Business services_

Consulting IT Services Cloud services

Manual Semi-automatic Fully Automated

IT Service modeling

• Service Strategy • Service Design • Service Transition • Service Operation • Continual Service

Improvement

Project with Portugal Telecom: _Plug-and-Process_ Services driven by ITIL processes

Service Engineering

• Service modeling • People-centric services • Product-centric services • Process-centric services • Service level • X as a Service • Orchestration and

choreography • Service networks • …

/2013/ _New Master degree on IS/IT Service Management

Driving forces

2012 Unified Service Description Language 10

Why Standards? General Requirements

Outsourcing Agility

Cost Savings Quality

Vendor Neutrality Interoperability

Standards benefits ⇦ Defined Contracts ⇦ Speed through Reuse ⇦ Insurance against Failure ⇦ State-of-the-Art Services ⇦ Vendor Neutrality ⇦ Interoperability

Adapted from Cloud computing, Bala Rajaraman, IBM Distinguished Engineer,

Seeing services as products?

1. Business perspective adopts a service-dominant logic 2. ICT perspective adopts service-oriented modeling to enable automate

_Paradigm shift _Models, _Laws and _Specs

Modeling services • Common vocabulary • Structure for vocabulary • Multidisciplinary • Complex • People, information and technology • Service system • Internal and external

• USDL

– Unified Service Description Language

*-USDL family • a-USDL/2009

– Initial version of USDL ready in 2009. – Later renamed to a-USDL (pronounced alpha-USDL). – http://www.genssiz.org/research/service-modeling/alpha-usdl/

• USDL/2011

– A W3C Incubator group was created USDL was adapted and extended based on industry feedback at the end of 2011.

– http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/usdl/

• Linked-USDL/-- – In order to make the specification gain a wider acceptance, a version

called Linked-USDL emerged using Semantic Web principles Iits development is still in progress.

– http://linked-usdl.org/

WSDL vs USDL

US DLB us ines s

Operational

Tec hnic al

O perationsF unctionality

R es ources…

P roviderC ons umerB undlingMarketingL egal…

P rotocolsAddress

P orts…

Tec hnic al

Made for c omputers (S O A) Made for people (IoS )

AddressP ortArgumentsData type… US DL

B us ines s

Operational

Tec hnic alUS DL

B us ines s

Operational

Tec hnic al

O perationsF unctionality

R es ources…

P roviderC ons umerB undlingMarketingL egal…

P rotocolsAddress

P orts…

Tec hnic al

Made for c omputers (S O A) Made for people (IoS )

AddressP ortArgumentsData type…

2012 Genessiz: Center for Large-Scale Service System Research 17 http://www.genssiz.org/research/service-modeling/alpha-usdl/

http://www.genssiz.org

/Data model/ /Schema/

/Vocabulary/

www.internet-of-services.com

http://www.linked-usdl.org/

Example

http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/

:pricing_EC2_Small_EU_Windows_ReservedInstance_Light_1yr a price:PricePlan ; dcterms:description "Price plan for a 'Small' EC2 Reserved Instance in Europe with Windows, light utilization and a one year contract duration."@en ; price:hasContractDuration [ a gr:QuantitativeValue ; gr:hasValueInteger "1" ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "ANN" ] ; price:hasBillingCycle [ a gr:QuantitativeValue ; gr:hasValueInteger "1" ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "MON" ] ; price:hasPriceComponent :priceComponent_Small_EU_Windows_ReservedInstance_Light_1yr_General_Upfront , :priceComponent_Small_EU_Windows_ReservedInstance_Light_1yr_General_Hourly , :priceComponent_Small_EU_Windows_ReservedInstance_Light_1yr_General_Upfront a price:PriceComponent ; dcterms:title "General costs upfront"@en ; dcterms:description "One-time fee for general usage of the instance."@en ; price:isLinkedTo … price:hasPrice [ a gr:UnitPriceSpecification ; gr:hasCurrency "USD" ; gr:hasCurrencyValue "69" ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "C62" ] . :priceComponent_Small_EU_Windows_ReservedInstance_Light_1yr_General_Hourly a price:PriceComponent ; dcterms:description "Hourly fee for general usage of the instance."@en ; price:isLinkedTo :resource_EC2_DataCentre_EU , :resource_EC2_Windows ; price:hasPrice [ a gr:UnitPriceSpecification ; gr:hasCurrency "USD" ; gr:hasCurrencyValue "0.069" ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "HUR" ] .

@prefix price: <http://www.linked-usdl.org/ns/usdl-pricing#>

<#service_EC2_Small> a usdl:Service ; dcterms:created "2012-05-18"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2012-05-22"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:title "EC2 instance 'small'"@en ; usdl:hasNature usdl:Automated ; usdl:hasProvider :provider_Amazon ; usdl:hasLegalCondition :legal_Amazon ; usdl:hasPartMandatory <#service_Support_Basic> ; usdl:hasPartOptional <#service_Support_Bronze> , <#service_Support_Silver> , <#service_Support_Gold> , <#service_Support_Premium> ; gr:quantitativeProductOrServiceProperty :resource_EC2_Small_MainMemory , :resource_EC2_Small_ComputeUnit , :resource_EC2_Small_Storage ; gr:qualitativeProductOrServiceProperty :resource_EC2_Small_IO , :resource_EC2_PrivateIP , :resource_EC2_PublicIP . :resource_EC2_Small_MainMemory a cloud:MainMemory ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "4L" ; gr:hasValue "1700" . :resource_EC2_Small_ComputeUnit a cloud:CPU ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "A86" ; gr:hasMinValue "1.0" ; gr:hasMaxValue "1.2" ; gr:valueReference [ a cloud:NumberOfCores ; gr:hasValue "1" ] .

:slp_Support_Silver a usdl:ServiceLevelProfile ; dcterms:title "Bronze support service level profile" ; sla:hasServiceLevel :slo_Support_Silver_ResponseTime . :slo_Support_Silver_ResponseTime a sla:GuaranteedState ; dcterms:title "Response time" ; sla:serviceLevelExpression [ a sla:ServiceLevelExpression ; dcterms:description "Maximum period in which response is sent."@en ; sla:hasVariable :var_Support_Silver_ResponseTime ] . :var_Support_Silver_ResponseTime a sla:Variable ; rdfs:label "Fastest guaranteed response" ; sla:hasDefault [ a support:ResponseTime ; gr:hasValue "4" ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "HUR" ] .

:legal_Amazon a legal:TermsAndConditions ; dcterms:title "Amazon Web Services LLC's legal statements"@en ; dcterms:description "Amazon Web Services LLC's legal statements are accessible at 'http://aws.amazon.com/legal/'. Please consult this website for further information"@en ; legal:hasClause [ a legal:Clause ; legal:name "AWS Customer Agreement" ; legal:text "http://aws.amazon.com/agreement"@en ] , [ a legal:Clause ; legal:name "AWS Services" ; legal:text "http://aws.amazon.com/serviceterms"@en ] , [ a legal:Clause ; legal:name "AWS Acceptable Use Policy" ; legal:text "http://aws.amazon.com/aup"@en ] , [ a legal:Clause ; legal:name "AWS Trademark Guidelines" ; legal:text "http://aws.amazon.com/trademark-guidelines"@en ] , [ a legal:Clause ; legal:name "AWS Sites" ; legal:text "http://aws.amazon.com/terms"@en ] , [ a legal:Clause ; legal:name "Privacy Policy" ; legal:text "http://aws.amazon.com/privacy"@en ] , [ a legal:Clause ; legal:name "AWS Tax Help" ; legal:text "http://aws.amazon.com/tax-help"@en ] .

@prefix legal: <http://www.linked-usdl.org/ns/usdl-legal#> Legal

Standardization • W3C Standards

– HTML, Ajax, HTTP, XML, WSDL, … – + USDL (?) – http://www.w3.org/

• OASIS Standards – TOSCA, USSI, WS-*, ebXML, … – + USDL (?) – http://www.oasis-open.org/

• OMG Standards

– BPMN, UML, CORBA, XMI , … – + USDL (?) – http://www.omg.org/

TOSCA Goal

TOSCA • Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications

• Service Template

– Topology (structure) and the orchestration (invocation and management behaviour) of an IT Service.

• Automation (semi)

– Creation and management of the service

• Decoupling – Supplier creating the service from any particular cloud provider and

the technology hosting that service

• Goal – Compose a service once and play on any cloud

Service Template • Node Types

– Building blocks of application – Management functions these

building blocks

• Relationship Types – Relations between these building

blocks

• Plans – Procedures to manage the

application

• Group Template – Collection of node types and

relationship types – For reuse purposes

Service Template

Interfaces

Node Template

Topology Template

type for

Node Type

Relationship Template

Node Types

type for

Relationship Type Relationship Types

Group Template

Plans » Nodes • Task of a plan refers to

interface of a topology node

• Node specifies all interfaces offered to manage it – Interface is bound to a

concrete implementation

• Implementation – Available at providers side, or – Copied from somewhere, or – Standardized Cloud Interface

(Iaas, PaaS, SaaS) is used, or ...

Create Cluster … …

WebSphere Cell …

Script - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Overview

How ...

OVF OVF OVF

With ... Scripts Workflows EAR (EJBs,…) BPEL

The images of the middleware (DB2, Websphere,…) required to run the application

The business logic of the application, e.g. EJBs, JSPs, JPEG,…

(Existing) scripts used by task of plans to manage the cloud application

(Existing) workflows used by subprocess-tasks of plans

Topology Orchestration (Plans)

Tobias Kunze, Red Hat, TOSCA & The Government Sector

The Service Template

USDL & TOSCA

2012 USDL roadmap 40

The_Goal = /USDL + TOSCA/

1. Create

3. Publish

4. Browse and Select

5. Provision 6. Use

Service Template

Service Instance

2. Create

TOSCA and USDL Different conceptual goals

TOSCA USDL

Describes the structure of an application and its management (which is executable)

Goal: Portability and full-automated management of applications

Describes the functional and non-functional requirements, capabilities, and interfaces of an application

Goal: Description of the interfaces and properties of an application to make it searchable, comparable, and tradable

TOSCA USDL

Topology Management Plans

Interfaces & functional

capabilities

Functions

Bindings

Operations

Non-functional capabilities

Pricing

Service Level

TOSCA USDL

Interfaces & functional

capabilities

Functions

Bindings

Operations

Pricing

Service Level

„New WSDL“ for any services

„New WS-Policy“ for any services (with

domain-specific Modules: Pricing,…)

TOSCA and USDL Combination of both concepts

2012 45

Interfaces & functional capabilities

Functions

Bindings

Operations

Pricing

Service Level CSAR

TOSCA USDL

TOSCA and USDL Combination of both concepts

2012 46

Interfaces & functional capabilities

Functions

Bindings

Operations

Pricing

Service Level CSAR

TOSCA USDL

Declarative Declarative

Declarative

Imperative

USDL to support TOSCA-based marketplaces

2012 47

Marketplace

Cloud Provider

TOSCA Container

<> rdf:type usdl:ServiceDescription ; rdfs:label "SurgarCRM description" ; dcterms:title "SurgarCRM description" ; dcterms:description "Description of SurgarCRM (www.sugarcrm.com) cloud-based system to show the integration USDL-TOSCA." ; dcterms:contributor [ a foaf:Person ; foaf:name "Jorge Cardoso" ; foaf:firstName "Jorge" ; foaf:lastName "Cardoso" ] ; dcterms:created "2012-08-14"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2012-08-18"^^xsd:date ; owl:versionInfo "002" . :SugarCRM_Edition a rdfs:Class , skos:Concept ; rdfs:subClassOf gr:QualitativeValue ; skos:prefLabel "SurgarCRM Software Packages Editions" ; skos:editorialNote "SurgarCRM declares their editions as qualitative measure in the categories: Professional, Coporate, Enterprise and Ultimate." ; skos:narrower :SugarCRM_Professional , :SugarCRM_Corporate , :SugarCRM_Enterprise , :SugarCRM_Ultimate . :SugarCRM_Professional a rdfs:Class , skos:Concept ; rdfs:subClassOf gr:QualitativeValue ; skos:prefLabel "SurgarCRM Software Packages Edition Corporate" ; skos:broader :SugarCRM_Edition ; skos:narrower :SugarCRM_Corporate .

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