copyright © 2016 mcgraw-hill education. permission required for reproduction or display. chapter...
Post on 14-Jan-2016
215 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
CHAPTER
The Integumentary System - Dermatology
3
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Learning Outcomes
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:3.1 Identify the roots/word parts associated
with the integumentary system.3.2 Translate the Subjective terms
associated with the integumentary system.3.3 Translate the Objective terms associated
with the integumentary system.3.4 Translate the Assessment terms
associated with the integumentary system.
3-2
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.5 Translate the Plan terms associated with the integumentary system.
3.6 Use abbreviations associated with the integumentary system.
3.7 Distinguish terms associated with the integumentary system in the context of electronic health records.
3-3
Learning Outcomes
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Introduction and Overview of Dermatology
• Skin serves as protection to the body– First line defense from germs and irritants– First point of contact with its surroundings
3-4
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• The integumentary system is made up of:– Skin
• Epidermis• Dermis
– Hair– Nerves– Glands
• Sweat• Sebaceous
– Nails
3-5
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Skin– Epidermis
• Made up of squamous cells– Dermis
• Made up of a few cells and many thick fibers • Strong and flexible• Contains hair follicles, nerves, and glands
3-6
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Hair follicles– Functions:
• Hold the hair into the dermis• Nourish the hair
• Nerves– Detect pressure, temperature, and pain
• Glands– Sweat glands release sweat– Sebaceous glands release sebum (oil)
• Nails
3-7
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• fat– adip/o– lip/o– steat/o
• skin– cutane/o– derm/o– dermat/o
• hair– pil/o– trich/o
3-8
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• sweat– hidr/o
• nail– onych/o– ungu/o
• scale– squam/o
• oil– seb/o– sebace/o
3-9
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Word parts associated with pathology– Unusual skin texture
• ichthyo-• kerato-• pachyo-• xero-• rhytido-
3-10
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Word parts associated with pathology (cont.)– Unusual skin color
• leuko-• erythro-• xantho-• melano-
3-11
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
3-12
1. keratoderma
2. onychocryptosis
3. rhytidoplasty
4. xeroderma
5. pachyderma
A. thick skin
B. hard skin
C. hidden nail
D. dry skin
E. surgical repair of wrinkles
Match each term on the left with the correct definition on the right.
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
3-13
1. albinism
2. melanoma
3. leukotrichia
4. erythroderma
5. xanthopsia
A. unable see the color yellow
B. white hair
C. black-colored tumor
D. lack of skin pigment
E. redness of the skin
Match each term on the left with the correct definition on the right.
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System
• Skin color is due to the amount of melanin produced
3-14
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints
• Subjective terms are those that the patient reports to the health care provider
• Common complaint in regard to the skin is a new rash– pruritus– seborrhea– xerosis– macerate– hyperhidrosis– anhidrosis
3-15
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints
• Subjective terms that describe a change from normal skin color– depigmentation– hypermelanosis
• Subjective terms associated with hair problems– alopecia– hypertrichosis
3-16
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints
• Some words cannot be broken into word parts– comedo– macerate– urticaria
• Break the medical term into smaller word parts to determine its meaning:– dermatalgia– dermatodynia– dermatolysis– hemathidrosis
3-17
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints
• Define each medical term:– xanthoderma
– rhytidermia
– onychophagia
– hypomelanosis
3-18
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Objective terms are used by the practitioner to describe what he or she detects
• The appearance of a rash will help the practitioner diagnose its cause
• Description of the rash includes:– Location– Size– Color– Texture– Filling of the rash (pustules)
3-19
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Location of a rash– Localized vs. generalized– Spreading
• Centrifugal vs. centripetal
• Presence of bumps and their size– Papules <1cm– Nodules >1cm– Plaques are large and flat
3-20
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Bumps that are filled with fluid:– Vesicles are <1 cm and filled with clear fluid– Bulla are >1 cm and filled with clear fluid– Pustules are filled with pus– Abscesses are large pustules
• Flat spots:– Freckles are small flat spots called macules– Large macules are called patches
3-21
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Skin conditions caused by blood vessels:– Collection of blood vessels
• cherry angioma – raised• telangiectasia – flat
– Bruises• petechiae – small• ecchymosis – large
3-22
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Diagnostic procedures– Skin biopsy
• excisional• shave• punch
3-23
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Scar formations– cicatrix– keloid
• Epidermal tumors– nevus– dysplastic nevus– verucca
3-24
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Diagnostic procedures– culture and sensitivity– biopsy (Bx)– excisional vs. incisional biopsy– dermatoscope– dermoscopy
3-25
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Pathological findings– adipocele– dermatofibroma– erythrocyanosis– keratogenic
3-26
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.3 Observation and Discovery
• Pathological conditions of the nail (all have onych- as part of the word)– onycholysis– onychomalacia– onychopathy– onychophagia– onychocryptosis– paronychia
3-27
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• Assessment terms are those that describe the diagnosis of the condition
• Skin problems– Infections– Inflammations– Tumors – Changes in the skin
3-28
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• General skin changes– dermatosis– decubitus ulcer– dermopathy– eczema
3-29
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• General skin changes– Associated with hair:
• hypertrichosis• postpartum alopecia
– Associated with skin• atopic dermatitis• ichthyosis• sclerodermatitis• xanthosis
– Associated with nails• scleronychia
3-30
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• Tumors– malignant cutaneous neoplasms
• basal cell carcinoma• malignant melanoma• squamous cell carcinoma
– benign skin tumors• actinic keratosis• hidradenoma
3-31
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• Infections– Fungal infections
• mycosis• dermatomycosis• mycodermatitis• onychomycosis• trichomycosis
– Miscellaneous infections• acne vulgaris• impetigo• onychodystrophy
3-32
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology
• Inflammations– steatitis– dermatitis– actinic dermatitis– seborrheic dermatitis– dermatoconiosis
3-33
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• Plan terms explain how patients will be treated for their conditions
• Medications– Anti-infection or cleansing– Anti-immune– Anti-itch or allergy
3-34
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• Procedures to treat the integumentary system:– Chemicals – Vacuums– Cold– Lasers– Electricity– Surgery
• Mohs micrographic surgery• Skin grafting
3-35
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• General terms– epidermal– intradermal– hypodermic and subdermal– percutaneous and transdermal
3-36
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• Procedures– chemosurgery– cryosurgery– chemotherapy– dermabrasion– electrocauterization– electodesiccation– incision and drainage (I&D)
3-37
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.5 Treatments and Therapies
• Procedures (cont.)– onychectomy– onychotomy– liposuction– lipectomy– rhytidoplasty
3-38
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.5 Treatments and Therapies
3-39
1. heterograft
2. xenograft
3. homograft
4. autograft
A. graft from the same species
B. graft from another part of the patient’s body
C. graft from another species
Match each term on the left with the correct definition on the right. One definition is used twice.
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.5 Treatments and Therapies
3-40
1. antipruritic
2. antibiotic
3. anesthetic
4. antiseptic
5. antihistamine
A. opposes effect of histamine
B. temporarily blocks sensation
C. opposes growth of microorganisms
D. prevents sepsis by killing organisms
E. prevents itching
Match each medication on the left with the correct definition on the right.
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.6 Abbreviations
3-41
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.7 Electronic Health Records
3-42
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.7 Electronic Health Records
3-43
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3.7 Electronic Health Records
3-44
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:3.1 Identify the roots/word parts associated
with the integumentary system.3.2 Translate the Subjective terms
associated with the integumentary system.3.3 Translate the Objective terms associated
with the integumentary system.3.4 Translate the Assessment terms
associated with the integumentary system.
3-45
Chapter Summary: Learning Outcomes
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Chapter Summary: Learning Outcomes
3.5 Translate the Plan terms associated with the integumentary system.
3.6 Use abbreviations associated with the integumentary system.
3.7 Distinguish terms associated with the integumentary system in the context of electronic health records.
3-46
top related