controlled traffic farming and cropping productivity ctf – providing a future of productivity dr...
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Controlled traffic farming and cropping productivity
CTF – providing a future of productivity
Dr Don Yule
1www.ctfsolutions.com.au
CTF is a farming system that includes at least
1.Controlled traffic = permanent wheel tracks and matched implement widths2.Minimum tillage, preferable none3.Designed paddock layouts
Scene Setting
2
Drivers of cropping
1.Cropping is mechanised2.Crops grow in soils3.Soils are in landscapes
Scene Setting
3
Key Performance Indicators•Efficiency•Effectiveness•Continuous improvement•Access to new technologies•Measure to manage
AND•Rain use efficiency
CTF Responses
4
CTF Response
1. Cropping is mechanised
Hard tracks for wheels, no compaction for crops
5
CTF Response
1. Cropping is mechanised
Do wheels impact on crop yield?
6
Yield
(t/Ha)
P 0.07
Av LSD (5%) 1.16
0 tyre beside row 3.6 a
1 tyre beside row 3.0 ab
2 tyre beside row 2.4 b
Single row Sorghum yields
7
FARMER’S CTF RESPONSE
8
Removes the low values, reduces variability
2. Crops grow in soilsCTF ResponseImprove physical soil healthIncrease water use efficiency
9
2. Crops grow in soils
CTF Response
Improve chemical soil health• Enormous knowledge base• pH management critical
• Manures may be under-estimated Re-visit for our new really healthy soils
10
2. Crops grow in soils
CTF ResponseUse more manures
11
Manure added 3 years ago
No manure added
2. Crops grow in soils CTF ResponseImprove biological soil health
12
Biological soil health
Responses to these realities
13
2. Crops grow in soilsImprove overall soil healthIncrease crop frequency, farm like natureIncrease Rain Use Efficiency
14
CTF21t
8tTRAD
• Farm planning for infrastructure, land use capability, trees and wildlife
• Paddock layout – CT direction, efficient operations, remove waterlogging and reduce erosion, topography information critical.
3. Soils are in landscapesCTF Responses
15
3. Soils are in landscapesCTF Layout using 1m pixel imagery and GPS topo
2004. Waterlogging, loss $56,000 2006. After drainage, cost $3,000.
16
CTF Response to severe erosion event
1997
TRADITIONAL 100t/ha
CTF 10t/ha
17
3. Soils are in landscapes
3. Soils are in landscapes
18
CTF Response to wind erosion
No tillStubble retention
3. Soils are in landscapes CTF Response to waterlogging
Raised beds
Pre-beds4.4 kg/ha/mm
Post-beds11.6 kg/ha/mm
CTF produced 2.6 times more for the same rainfall19
Controlled traffic farming and cropping productivity
CTF has produced massive increases in grain productivity, and also in cane,
cotton and vegetables.
20
4. CTF and Spatial Technologiesthe perfect match
•GNSS (GPS)• “Know where you are farming”• 2cm accuracy and repeatability• Automation, e.g. Auto-steer• Labour benefits• CORS networks• Spatial footprint
21
Base station
Radio
Rover/tractor
GNSS antennae
A
B
GNSS Guidance
22
CORS Network - GPSnet
23
CTF and GNSS define the on-farm spatial footprint
24
•Remote Sensing• 1m pixel – satellites or planes• Multi-spectral – includes NIR• $0.50/ha• Measures crop and machinery
performance•Ground based sensing
• Topography• Yield monitoring
25
4. CTF and Spatial Technologies
the perfect match
•Measure to Manage• Tools produce digital, automated, high
resolution data• Relevant – measure paddock and farmer
performance• GIS ready, spatially accurate• Forensic analysis – how much impact and
what area, relate to other data to identify and manage causes of poor and good growth
4. CTF and Spatial Technologiesthe perfect match
26
•Continuous Improvement• Use tools to drive On-farm R&D for every
grower’s farm and farming system. Easy to implement and measure. Highly relevant, applicable and adoptable.
4. CTF and Spatial Technologiesthe perfect match
27
Does CTF Provide a Future of PRODUCTIVITY?
CTF and System BenefitsBowman (2008) studied 16 farmers and
change on 4,250 ha, Darling Downs•Soil erosion less by 195,000 tonnes/year (-90%)•Diesel use from 338,000 to 130,000 L/yr (-60%)•Nitrogen leaving farms from 119 to 9 t (-90%)•Carbon dioxide loss from 1,199 to 373 t (-70%)•Labour from 4,590 to 1,744 hours (-60%)•Annual income $1,652,500 to $2,386,230 (+44%)•Gross Margin $547,279 to $918,366 (+68%)
28
CTF – Providing a Future of PRODUCTIVITY
CTF and CORS NETWORK Benefits
The Allen Consulting Group (2008) calculated benefits due to precision GNSS (from CORS Networks) and CTF and inter-row sowing practices were $152 – 208 million in 2008, and estimated to be $1005 – 1357 million per year in 2030. CRC for Spatial Information
29
Controlled traffic farming and cropping productivity
The conclusion of the 2005 National CTF Conference was “JUST DO IT” and I hope I have explained why.
But ABS (2009) reported 88% of cropping farmers were doing no CTF. Why are so few “doing it”?
30www.ctfsolutions.com.au
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