control systems i the pc: practical control or potential

Control Systems I

The PC: Practical Control

Or Potential Chaos ?

Russell Hodge

C-MAR Americas

Return to Session Directory

VisiCalc

First introduced: May 1979

Platform: Apple ][

A Little History

The world’s first home computer: 1969

Price: $10,600

Honeywell H316

PC Development

1974/5 MITS Scelbi/Altair

1976 Apple

1977 Apple ][

1981 IBM PC

Moore’s Law

1965: The complexity of minimum cost semiconductors doubles each year

1980: The number of transistors on a semiconductor chip will double every 18 months

1990: Computing power at fixed cost will double every 18 months

Microprocessor Year Introduced Transistors4004 1971 2,3008008 1972 2,5008080 1974 4,5008086 1978 29,000286 1982 134,000386 1985 275,000486 1989 1,200,000Pentium 1993 3,100,000Pentium II 1997 7,500,000Pentium III 1999 9,500,000Pentium 4 2000 42,000,000Itanium 2001 25,000,000Itanium 2 2002 220,000,000Itanium 2 (9mb cache) 2004 592,000,000

Intel: Transistors Per Chip 1971 - 2004

ExternalOperatorInterface

InternalControl Control

Internal

InterfaceOperatorExternal

PC

HUB HUB

PC

PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS

REMOTEPLC

CONTROLLERS

Dual Communication Bus

DP Topology

ExternalOperatorInterface Interface

OperatorExternal

PC

HUB HUB

PC

PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS

InternalDisplayControl Control

DisplayInternal

CentralComputer

Station

Hardwire Connetion toPropulsion and Thrusters

DP Topology

ExternalOperatorInterface

InternalControl Control

Internal

InterfaceOperatorExternal

PC

HUB HUB

PC

PLC PLC

PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS

Hardwire Connection toPropulsion and Thrusters

DP Topology

ExternalOperatorInterface

InternalControl Control

Internal

InterfaceOperatorExternal

PC

HUB HUB

PC

PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS

REMOTEPLC

CONTROLLERS

Dual Communication Bus

DP Topology

Project Life Cycles

PSV/AHT: 18 Months

Dive Vessel: 24 Months

Heavy Lift Vessel: 24 Months

Drilling Vessel: 36 Months

Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament

Article 4

“Member States shall ensure that from 1 July 2006, new electrical and electronic equipment put on the market does not contain lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybromated diphenyl ethers.”

Japan: Green Procurement

China: Agenda 21

Estimated Obsolescence

Technological: 3 –- 5 years

Legislative: 2 –- 3 years

The potential exists that the equipment supplied during construction may be

obsolete before completion of the project

Estimated Obsolescence

Technological: 3 –- 5 years

Legislative: 2 –- 3 years

Operators must budget for the possibility that DP, VMS or any other electronic

control system may require replacement with five years of a vessel entering

service.

Viruses

Filoviridae Ebola

Biosafety Level 4

Ebola hemorrhagic fever

Over 90% Fatality Rate

Black ThursdayNovember 3, 1988

The Morris Worm is estimated to have infected some 6000 computers and brought the Internet

to a virtual standstill

It is estimated to have cost $96 million

What would be the effect if it happened today ?

Robert Morris Jr

VirusesTypes:

1. Worms

2. Trojan HorseLogic Bombs

Means of PropagationE-mail P2P

IRC Networks

HTML Removable Media

Viruses

Symantec Kaspersky F-Secure

Windows 6500 722 4200

Linux 3000 33 599

Macintosh 3000 8 125

Symantec figures are approximate

REMOVABLE MEDIA

CD – RW

DVD

ZIP

Floppy Disk

JAZZ

Tape

NETWORK COMPONENTS

Hub/Switch

NIC

CAT 5 Cable

Horror Stories

SCREEN SAVERS

www.greymatter.org/satanichamsterdance/

OPERATOR

OPERATOR STATION 2

NET A

NET B

REMOTEPROCESS

STATIONS

STATION 1

Basic Network

DP/VMS

OPERATOR

OPERATOR STATION 2

NET A

NET B

REMOTEPROCESS

STATIONS

COMPUTER A

COMPUTER B

STATION 1Network with Additional PCs

OPERATOR

OPERATOR STATION 2

NET A

NET B

REMOTEPROCESS

STATIONS

STATION 1

MAINTENANCE PC

Network Maintenance

OPERATOR

OPERATOR STATION 2

NET A

NET B

REMOTEPROCESS

STATIONS

MAINTENANCE COMPUTER

STATION 1

VESSELNETWORK

Network Interconnection

SUMMARY

Equipment obsolescence may dramatically reduce the projected operating life of a DP System

High profile Operating Systems are at greater risk of exposure to malware

Use of standard media, removable or fixed, and remote operation, increases risk of malware migration.

Equipment ObsolescenceHigh Stock levels of spare parts

Flexibility in Spatial Design

Industry Inventory

Strategic Budgeting

REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS

High Profile OS VulnerabilityLinux

Macintosh

Independent OS

REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS

Standardised MediaAlternate Communications Protocols

Firewalls and Malware protection of any gateway

Non-Standard connections for networks

Non-Standard Formatting of media

REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS