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COMPENDIUM OFINTERNATIONALIRRADIATIONTEST FACILITIES
1ST Edition
Susana MARTÍN BARBERO / INTA
Stefan K. HÖFFGEN / Fraunhofer INT
Guy BERGER / UCL
Héctor GUERRERO / INTA
COMPENDIUM OFINTERNATIONALIRRADIATIONTEST FACILITIES
RADECS 2011Sevilla SpainSeptember19/23 2011
We are pleased to present this first edition of the catalogue on Worldwide Irradiation Facilities that has been publishedon the occasion of the RADECS 2011 Conference.
This complete catalogue has been compiled and published with the aim of promoting device testing in radiative environment, and bring the users closer to these facilities. We trust this publication will prove to be useful to the evergrowing user community involved in radiation effects on components and systems.
It is not an easy task for someone new in the field of radiation effects to find the adequate testing facility for his or herneeds. Often people only know a very limited number of facilities. The irradiator selection is, in many case, made byhearsay of colleagues or simply by accident. What is really needed is some sort of Yellow Pages for irradiation test facilities. When Héctor Guerrero (INTA) took responsibility of the RADECS 2011, he had the great idea to include anexhibition of as many of the irradiation test facilities of the world as possible. We were both more than happy to helpwhen he asked us to chair this event.
Together with Susana Martín (INTA) we were able to identify 66 facilities all over the world using many different sources. We contacted all of them and asked them for the technical data of their respective facilities. Unfortunately only33 facilities answered. These 33 facilities will be presented here at RADECS 2011 and are included in the main part ofthis compendium. This catalogue especially highlights the main parameters that define the characteristics of these kindsof facilities. Equally well, we have striven to update all the data and information on the persons of contact. We wouldlike to express our gratitude to the personnel of these 33 facilities described in the Catalogue for their invaluable collaboration.
For the other 33 facilities we present all the information we could find in publicly available sources in the Appendix of this document. One of the main sources was the previous data collection gathered by Robert Ecoffet (from CNES)on the occasion of RADECS 2010. Although the Appendix information is not totally confirmed and at times incomplete, we feel that it will still be a tremendous help for many readers of this document. We trust that in a forthcoming edition of this publication we will be able to provide further details on these facilities.
On the following pages you will find for each facility, in addition to a contact point, the provided type of beam (photons, electrons, heavy ions, protons, neutrons or laser) and all the needed technical parameters for radiation effectstesting. We hope this document will be useful for the community and we plan to extend this database and make it available in electronic form.
We welcome any comment and/or suggestion for changes and improvements, since we believe it will help us to furtheradvance our current work towards the second edition of this Catalogue.
September 12th 2011 Stefan K. Höffgen, Fraunhofer INTGuy Berger, UCL
INDEXAeroflex RAD____________________________________________________________________________________5
AWE __________________________________________________________________________________________7
BASE - LBNL____________________________________________________________________________________9
CNA __________________________________________________________________________________________11
CSL - ULG ____________________________________________________________________________________13
EADS ________________________________________________________________________________________15
ENEA ________________________________________________________________________________________17
ESA - ESTEC __________________________________________________________________________________19
ESS Bilbao ____________________________________________________________________________________21
Fraunhofer INT ________________________________________________________________________________23
GANIL ________________________________________________________________________________________25
GSI __________________________________________________________________________________________27
HZB __________________________________________________________________________________________29
ISOTRON ____________________________________________________________________________________31
IUCO ________________________________________________________________________________________33
JAEA __________________________________________________________________________________________35
JSC - ISDE ____________________________________________________________________________________37
JYFL __________________________________________________________________________________________39
LNS - IF ______________________________________________________________________________________41
MBDA UK ____________________________________________________________________________________43
NPL __________________________________________________________________________________________45
NSRL - BNL____________________________________________________________________________________47
NUCLETUDES ________________________________________________________________________________49
ONERA ______________________________________________________________________________________51
PTB __________________________________________________________________________________________53
SANDIA ______________________________________________________________________________________57
SIRAD - INFN__________________________________________________________________________________59
SPELS ________________________________________________________________________________________61
TAMU ________________________________________________________________________________________63
TRIUMF ______________________________________________________________________________________65
TSL __________________________________________________________________________________________67
UCL __________________________________________________________________________________________69
USC __________________________________________________________________________________________71
Appendix ______________________________________________________________________________________73
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NEUTRON facility - 1Facility type MF Physics model A-125
Neutron Generation Technique / Deuterium-TritiumProduction Method
Energy Range 14 MeVFlux range 105 n / cm2 to 109 n / cm2
Spot size /Uniformity Isotropic / ± 10% by RadiusDevice positioning system Manual StageSpecial access conditions None
ELECTRON facility - 1Source type PelletronEnergies 1 MeV
Min – Max fluxes Zero to an equivalent of 1 Mrad (Si) / min
Spot size /Uniformity 4” Diameter / ± 10%Beam counting and Faraday Cup monitoring system
Test chamber Vacuum or Air Device Positioning System Manual Stage Special access conditions None
Gamma facility - 1Source type Co-60 (2-sources) and Cs-137
Emitted radiation / energy ~1.25 MeV (Co-60), ~660 keV (Cs-137)Dose rates 1 mrad (Si) / s to 100 rad(Si) / s
Volume of irradiation chamber 1 mrad (Si) / s to 100 mrad (Si) / s: 1,200 cu-ft / 1rad (Si) / s to 100rad (Si) / s: 8 cu-ft.
Special access conditions None
AEROFLEX RAD
NEUTRON Gamma
n
http://www.aeroflex.com/RAD 5017 North 30th Street, Colorado SpringsCO-80919 USAContact Joseph Benedetto e-mail joe.benedetto@aeroflex.com
10
ELECTRON
e-
12
NEUTRON facility - 1Source Name ASP Facility type Light ion accelerator, cockroft walton type
Neutron Generation Technique / d+d & d+ tProduction Method
Energy Range 3 MeV & 14 MeV Methods to change energy Deuterium or tritium loaded target disc
Flux range 2.1010 n / cm²/sec at 0° 10mm from active face of target
User Flux control variable output, dc or pulsed neutron output
Spot size / Uniformity 10mmDosimetry Method U238 fission detectors
Device positioning system Variable depending on size Thermal neutrons / Characterized Not characterized
Special access conditions Contact for details
ATOMIC WEAPON ESTABLISHMENT
http://www.awe.co.uk/index.htmlAldermaston, Reading, BerkshireRG7 4PR UNITED KINGDOMContact Shaun Hughese-mail shaun.hughes@awe.co.uk Phone 0044 1189 824122
NEUTRON
n
14
Berkeley Accelerator Space Effects (BASE)Facility, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)
NEUTRON
PROTON facility - 1Source name 88-Inch Cyclotron Source type Cyclotron
Energy Range 1-55 MeV Methods to change energy Retune or manual degrading
Min – Max fluxes 106 to 109 protons/cm2/sUser Flux control Yes
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Up to 15 cm diameter, +/- 10% Uniformity
Device positioning system Local translator table Dosimetry Method Ion Chamber, Faraday Cup, Film
Special access conditions Radiation Worker I training required
NEUTRON facility - 1Facility type Cyclotron
Neutron Generation Technique / Deuteron breakupProduction Method
Energy Range 8-30 MeVFlux range Up to 108 neutrons / cm2 / s
Device positioning system Manual Special access conditions Radiation Worker I training required
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name 88-Inch Cyclotron.Source type Cyclotron
Ion species and energy ranges 4.5, 10, and 16 MeV/nucleon standard cocktails
Incident LET in Si Up to 100 [MeV / (mg / cm2)] Min – Max fluxes Fluxes of 102 to 107 ions / cm2/sUser flux control Yes Dosimetry Method Up to 10 cm diameter
Spot size / Uniformity Photomultiplier tubes with SEE Software System
Beam counting and monitoring system SEE Electronics/Software System
Test chamber Vacuum and air Device positioning system Remote robotic motion table
Micro-beam Yes, in conjunction with Micro-RDC and Sandia Labs.
Special access conditions 1/2-hour training class required for unescorted access.
n
http://cyclotron.lbl.gov/1 Cyclotron Rd. Bldg. 88, BerkeleyCA-94720 USAContactMichael Johnson e-mail MBJohnson@lbl.govPhone (510) 486 - 4389Contact Larry Phair e-mail LWPhair@lbl.govPhone (510) 486 - 7958
HIHEAVY IONS
p+
PROTON
CENTRO NACIONAL DE ACELERADORES
http://intra.sav.us.es:8080/cna/Parque Tecnológico Isla de La Cartuja, Avda.Thomas Alva Edison nº 7E-41092 SEVILLA - SPAINContact Joaquín Gómez Camacho e-mailgomez@us.esPhones +34 954460553 +34 954460145
HIGamma HEAVY IONS
16
p+
PROTON
PROTON facility - 1Source name SNICS Source type VdG Tandem Pelletron
Energy Range From 750 keV to 6 MeV Methods to change energy Adjusting the terminal voltage
Possibility to use degradersMin – Max fluxes Few p / s cm2 up to 1012 p / s cm2
User Flux control Particle detectors (low flux) and Faraday cup (high flux).
Spot size /Uniformity - Beam shape: Depends on the working line (from some cm to microns, max 16x20 cm2 with scanning) / 10%
Device positioning system Manual or X-Y motor controlled frame. Tilt possibility
Dosimetry Method MCA and current integrator Latest Ref. Fac Description NIMB, V.266, I.10, P. 2105 (2008) Special access conditions NONE
PROTON facility - 2Source name PIGSource type Compact 18/9 Cyclon
Energy Range 18 MeV primary beamMethods to change energy: Down to 5 MeV using Al degraders
Min – Max fluxes Few p / s cm2 up to 1012 p / s cm2
User Flux control Particle detectors (low flux) and Faraday cup (high flux)
Spot size /Uniformity - Beam shape Depends on the working line (max. in vacuum 16x20 cm2 with scanning, in air 8 cm surface diameter) / 10%
Device positioning system Manual or X-Y motor controlled frame. Tilt possibility
Dosimetry Method(s) MCA and current integrator Latest Ref. Fac Description NIMB, V.266, I.8, P. 1583 (2008)Special access conditions NONE
Gamma facility - 1Source name GBX200Source type Cobalt-60 (12,000 Ci)
Emitted radiation / energy γ 1,17 and 1,33 MeVDose rates From 0,36 to 500 Gy/
Dosimetry Method TLDSpecial access conditions Available in 2012
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name SNICSSource type VdG Tandem Pelletron
Ion species and energy ranges He to Au / From 750 keV to several MeV (E = (1+q)
Incident LET in Si Several LETs available. Examples: 9 MeV He (range about 60 μmSi; LET = 0.4 MeV / mg / cm2; incidence 0º), 36 MeV Ni (range about 11 μmSi; LET = 26 MeV / mg/cm2; incidence 0º; LET = 50 MeV / mg/cm2; incidence 60º)
Range in Si Possibility to tilt the target in order to increase range and LET
Min – Max fluxes Few p / s cm2 up to 1012 p / s cm2
User flux control Yes Spot size /Uniformity Depends on the working line
(from some cm to microns) / 10%Dosimetry Method(s) MCA and current integratorBeam counting and monitoring system Particle detectors + ratemeter /
Faraday cup + integratorTest chamber Vacuum. Heating and cooling
possibilityDevice positioning system Manual or X-Y motor controlled
frame. Tilt possibility Micro-beam Yes
Special access conditions NoneLatest Ref. Fac Description NIMB, V.266, I.10, P. 2105
(2008) / NIMB, in press (2011)Micro-beam Yes
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PROTON facility - 1Source name CyclotronSource type Cyclotron: irradiation in
air or in vaccum Energy Range 0- 21 MeV.
Methods to change energy Magnetic selection Min – Max fluxes 0 - 10 microA
Spot size / Uniformity - Few square cm Beam shape
Device positioning system Computer controlled 2 axis positioning
Dosimetry Method(s) Faraday cup
PROTON facility - 2Source name VdG 1 and VdG 2 Source type VdG
Energy Range 0 - 2 MeV Methods to change energy Magnetic selectionSpot size / Uniformity Few square cm
- Beam shapeDevice positioning system Computer controlled 2
axis positioningDosimetry Method Faraday cup
NEUTRON facility - 1Source name Ra - Be. Facility type Ra - Be.
Neutron Generation Technique Ra - Be isotope source./ Production MethodThermal neutrons /
Characterize Thermal neutron available (parafin used).
ELECTRON facility - 1Source name: 4 electron accelerators. Source type Accelerator. Energies Fixed energies: 6, 10 or 15
MeV Min – Max fluxes 400 Rad/min Spot size / Uniformity 8 x 4 cm at 6 MeV and 8 x
8 cm at 10 and 15 MeV Dosimetry Method Ionization chamber
detectorTest chamber Air
Device Positioning System Computer controled 3 axis.Special access conditions Utilization after 6 PM or
during night and week end
Gamma facility - 1Source name: Radiosotopes sources Source type Co - 60 & Cs - 137Dose rates 5 micro-curies
Gamma facility - 2Source name Bremsstrahlun Source type Bremsstrahlung stopping
of electron Emitted radiation / energy Continuous spectrum
from to 0 to 15 MeVTemperature control available NoneSpecial access conditions Utilization after 6 PM or
during night and week end
LASER facility - 1Facility Name CSL Nd - YAG Q - SwitchLaser type Nd - YAGWavelength 532 nm 400 mJ / pulse &
1,064 nm 600 mJ / pulse Pulse duration 3.5 ns
Spot size / Uniformity 6 - 7 mmDevice positioning system XYZ motorized stage
(computer controlled), 1 micron position accuracy
LASER facility - 2Facility Name CSL Excimer laserLaser type Excimer laser Wavelength 248 nm or 193 nm
Pulse duration 200 Hz frequencyMin – Max power 80 W
LASER facility - 3Facility Name CSL Nd-YAG 2.Laser type Nd-YAG Wavelength 532 nm
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 0 - 5 WSpot size / Uniformity 2 mm
LASER facility - 4Facility Name CSL CO2 1 Laser type CO2 Wavelength 10 microns
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 0 - 8 W Spot size / Uniformity 4 mm max
LASER facility - 5 Facility Name CSL CO2 2 Laser type CO2 Wavelength 10 microns
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 0 - 5 W Spot size / Uniformity 4 mm max
LASER facility - 6 Facility Name CSL CO2 3 Laser type CO2 Wavelength 10 microns
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 0 - 12 W Spot size / Uniformity 4 mm max
LASER facility - 7 Facility Name CSL CO2 4 Laser type CO2 Wavelength 10 microns
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 0 - 12 W Spot size / Uniformity 4 mm max
LASER facility - 8 Facility Name CSL Ar Laser type Ar Wavelength 514 nm
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 10 W in all lines
LASER facility - 9 Facility Name CSL solid state diode fiber
laser Laser type Solid stateWavelength 785 nm nm
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 1 W max
LASER facility - 10 Facility Name CSL tunable laser diode Laser type Solid state Wavelength 650 to 680 nm
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 100 mW
LASER facility - 11Facility Name CSL He Cd Laser type Solid stateWavelength 405 nm
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 50 mW
LASER facility - 12 Facility Name Hololab Ar Laser type Ar Wavelength 248 nm 0.8 W & 488
nm 0.5 W Pulse duration Continuous
LASER facility - 13 Facility Name Hololab He Cd Laser type He Cd Wavelength 325 nm & 405 nm
Pulse duration ContinuousMin – Max power 200 mW
LASER facility - 14 Facility Name Hololab laser diode Laser type Solid state Wavelength 658 nm & 905 nm
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 1 W
LASER facility - 15 Facility Name Hololab laser diode IR (fiber) Laser type Solid state Wavelength 1.3 microns & 2.3 mircons
Pulse duration Continuous Min – Max power 300 mW
Centre Spatial de LiègeUNIVERSITÉ DE LIÈGE
Gamma LASER
http://www.csl.ulg.ac.be/Liège Science Park - Avenue du Pré-AilyANGLEUR - LIEGE4031 BELGIUMContact Alain Carapelle e-mail A.Carapelle@ulg.ac.bePhone +32 43824624
LASER
NEUTRON
np+
PROTON ELECTRON
e-
20
LASER facility - 1Laser type Pulsed Nd:YAG laser Wavelength 1064nm allowing backside (no
thinning required) and frontside laser tests / Single Photon Absorption
Pulse duration 600 ps Min – Max power Up to ~3 μJ, PC controlled energy
attenuation. Single shot up to 2 kHz Spot size / Uniformity Beam waist ~ 1.6 μm.
Device positioning system PC controlled motorized XYZ stages Step resolution : 50 nm. InfraRed camera for viewing chips through their backside
FRANCE INNOVATION WORKS
LASER
12 Rue Pasteur BP 76, Suresnes92152 FRANCEContact Florent Millere-mail florent.miller@eads.net
LASER
Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development
Gamma
NEUTRON facility - 1Source Name “TRIGA” reactor Facility typ Thermal neutrons (235U)
Neutron Generation Technique / FissionProduction Method
Energy Range Max Power: 1 MW Flux range Max flux: 3 x 1013 n / cm2 s
Device positioning system Manual Special access conditions Radiological controlled AREA
NEUTRON facility - 2Source Name “TRIGA” reactorFacility type Thermal neutrons (235U)
Neutron Generation Technique / FissionProduction Method
Energy Range From fission to thermal spectra Flux range Max flux: 4.0 x 1012 n / cm2 s @ 1 MW
Device positioning system Manual Special access conditions Radiological controlled ARE.
Gamma facility - 1Source type CALLIOPE "Gamma irradiation plant"
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma, 1.25 MeVDose rates 0.2 Gy / h – 2.7 Gy / h
Volume of irradiation chamber 150 m3
Special access conditions Radiological controlled AREA
NEUTRON
n
http://www.casaccia.enea.it/ Via Anguillarese 301123 ROMA - ITALYContact Stefania Baccaro e-mail stefania.baccaro@enea.itContactMassimo Sepielli e-mail massimo.sepielli@enea.it
22
24
Gamma facility - 1Source Name ESTEC Co - 60 Facility Source type Collimated Co60 gamma source.
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma Photons (Energy 1.173 & 1.332 MeV)Dose rates Min 0.4 rad/min @ 790 cm from source, max
uniform irradiated area (± 10%) 360 cm X 360 cm Max 150 rad/min @ 41 cm from the source, max uniform irradiated area(+/-10%) 15 cm X 15 cm
Volume of irradiation chamber 103 m3 (34 m3 for collimated beam) Source Geometry Point source (6cm high X 3cm diameter cylinder)Dosimetry Method Ionisation chambers
Temperature control available ~24°C ±1°C Special access conditions The facility is available for irradiating components
24 hours per day 7 days per week but it is only manned during normal working hours, when entry to the control room and radiation room is possible. ISO 17025 Accredited for dosimetry. Access by invitation only. Facility is only available for ESA projects & programmes
European Space Research and Technology CentreTHE EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY
http://joinspace.org:8080/metaframe/sites/dhw/scheduler/Keplerlaan 1, Noordwijk2200 AG NETHERLANDSContact Ali Zadeh e-mail ali.mohammadzadeh@esa.intPhone +31 71 565 5894Contact Bob Nickson e-mail bob.nickson@esa.intPhone +31 71 565 3455
Gamma
PROTON facility - 1Source name Laboratorio de Irradiación con Protones (P4I). Source type Proton Linear accelerator.
Energy Range 10-50 MeV.Methods to change energy: Energy degraders.
Min – Max fluxes: Expected 1010-1011 p/cm2/s. Spot size / Uniformity - Gaussian beam FWHM: 5-10 cm
Beam shapeSpecial access conditions It is expected to come into operation
on 2015
NEUTRON facility - 1Source Name Laboratorio de aplicacniones neutronias (LAN)Facility type Linear Accelerator
Neutron Generation Technique / 50 MeV protons over Berilium Be (p,n)Production Method
Energy Range Average spectra 7.75 MeV, Emax 50 MeVMethods to change energy Thermal and cold modertors
Flux range 6 1012 (at 5 cm from the target) to 2 108(at 5 m from the target)
Spot size / Uniformity 3 x3 cm at 5 cm from the target, 15x15 at 5 m Energy spectrum Available Fast and thermal Special access conditions It is expected to come into operation
on 2015
ESS BILBAO
http://www.essbilbao.orgParque Tecnológico Bizkaia, Laida Bidea, Edificio 207 B Planta Baja. Derio48160 SPAINContact Javier Bermejo e-mail direccion@essbilbao.org Phone +0034 946013207Contact Estefanía Abad e-mail eabad@essbilbao.orgPhone +0034 946018196
NEUTRON
n
26
p+
PROTON
LASERHI X
RAY
FRAUNHOFER INT
PROTON NEUTRON ELECTRON Gamma X-ray HEAVY IONS
PROTON facility - 1Source name JULIC at the Research Center Julich
(FZ Julich)Source type Cyclotron
Energy Range ~35 MeV in air at Target Methods to change energy Degrader
Min – Max fluxes 108 – 1010 p/cm2s1User Flux control By Operator.
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape ~20 cm / ~10%, online check with up to 8 ionisation chambers
Device positioning system ManualDosimetry Method Calibrated ionisation chambers,
Activation foilsSpecial access conditions External facility with exclusive irradiation
spot and special time slots coordinated by Fraunhofer INT German radiation protection rules apply
NEUTRON facility - 1Source Name Thermo D-711 Facility type Neutron Generator
Neutron Generation Technique / Accelerated Deuterium hits DeuteriumProduction Method or Tritium target
Energy Range Quasi - Mono - Energetic 2.5 MeV or 14 MeV
Methods to change energy Changing of target (Deuterium or Tritium)
Flux range DT: source < 4*1010 n / s in 4*pi, e.g. 3*107 n / s/ cm² in 10 cm
User Flux control: By operatorSpot size / Uniformity Point like source, square-root
dependence of flux Dosimetry Method Calibrated fission chambers,
Activation foils Thermal neutrons / Characterized No
Special access conditions German radiation protection regulations
ELECTRON facility - 1Source name Febetron 705 Source type Flash Electron Source, can also be used
as Flash - X - Ray source with bremsstrahlungs target
Energies 2.2 MeV Min – Max fluxes Dose up to 5,000 Gy delivered in ~30 ns
Spot size / Uniformity ~10 cm / 20% depending on distance Dosimetry Method TLDs, Calorimetry
Beam counting and monitoring system Scintillation detectors Test chamber Large room, in Air
Device Positioning System ManualSpecial access conditions German radiation protection regulations
Gamma facility - 1Source Name TK1000A Source type Co 60
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma radiation, mean energy 1.25 MeV
Dose rates ~1 mGy / s to 1 Gy / s (360 rad / h to 360 krad / h)
Volume of irradiation chamber ~1 m³ in Air Source Geometry Point like source Dosimetry Method Calibrated ionisation chambers,
numerical model of dose rate Temperature control available -50°C to 120°C, Stability 1°CSpecial access conditions German radiation protection regulations
Gamma facility - 2Source Name TK1000BSource type Co 60
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma radiation, mean energy 1.25 MeVDose rates ~1 mGy / s to 1 Gy/s (360 rad / h to 360 krad / h)
Volume of irradiation chamber ~1 m³ in AirSource Geometry Point like source. Dosimetry Method Calibrated ionisation chambers, numerical
model of dose rate Temperature control available 22°C, 0.2°C Stability.Special access conditions German radiation protection regulations
Gamma facility - 3Source Name TK100 Source type Co60
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma radiation, mean energy 1.25 MeV Dose rates ~10 μGy/s to 10 mGy/s (3.6 rad/h to 3.6 krad/h)
Volume of irradiation chamber ~1 m³ in Air. Source Geometry Point like source. Dosimetry Method Calibrated ionisation chambers, numerical model
of dose rateTemperature control available Room temperature Special access conditions German radiation protection regulations
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name SIS 18 at GSI Darmstadt Source type Synchrotron
Ion species and energy ranges: Nearly any ion, 100 up to 2000 MeV / n Incident LET in Si 0.1 to 50
Range in Si 1 mm to 1,000 mm Min – Max fluxes 100 to 1012 ions / cm² User flux control Operator
Spot size / Uniformity Modulated raster field, 20*20 cm², < 10%Dosimetry Method Plastic scintillators and calibrated ionisation chamber
Beam counting and monitoring system Single ion detection and counting Test chamber 1 m³, in Air
Device positioning system XY-motorized sample changes, 3D laser, robot arm Micro-beam Yes, ~ 2 mm diameter
Special access conditions External facility with exclusive time slots coordinated by Fraunhofer INT, German radiation protection rules apply
X RAY facility - 1Source Name Comet MXR-451 Source type Industrial X-Ray source
Emitted radiation / energy X-Rays, 20 keV to 450 keV Dose rates ~10 μGy/ s to ~1 Gy / s (3.6 rad /h to 360 krad /h)
Volume of irradiation chamber 4 m³ in AirSource Geometry Point like source, colimated beam Dosimetry Method Calibrated ionisation chambers
Temperature control available Room temperature Special access conditions German radiation protection regulations
LASER facility - 1Facility Name StaccatoLaser type Nd:YAG Wavelength 1,064 nm
Pulse duration < 9 psMin – Max power < 200 μJ / pulse
Spot size / Uniformity tbd Device positioning system Computer controlled precision XYZ linear stages Special access conditions None
n
http://www.int.fraunhofer.deFraunhofer Institut fur Naturwissenschaftlich-TechnischeTrendanalysen, Appelsgarten 2 -Euskirchen53879 GERMANYContact Stefan Metzger e-mail stefan.metzger@int.fraunhofer.dePhone +49 2251 18-214Contact Jochen Kuhnhenn e-mail jochen.kuhnhenn@int.fraunhofer.dePhone +49 2251 18-200
LASER
28
p+ e-
HEAVY IONS facilitySource type 2 ECR sources and 5 cyclotrons from
C (95 MeV / u) to U 24 MeV / u; more specially
Ion species and energy ranges Kr, LET:11..42; range: 1.220..27 μm Xe, LET: 26..64; range: 650..30 μm Pb, LET:72..97; range: 258..64 μm
Incident LET in Si Remote control for LET and range adjustment.
Min – Max fluxes 10**2 .. 10**4 pps / cm² / s. User flux control Yes
Spot size / Uniformity 30 mm x 40 cm Beam counting and monitoring system Si; Ionization chamber
Test chamber Air Device positioning system X, Y, Z; tilt 0..90°
Micro-beam No Special access conditions http://pro.ganil-spiral2.eu/industry/
industrial-applications. Step resolution : 50 nm
GRAND ACCÉLÉRATEUR NATIONAL D'IONS LOURDS
http://pro.ganil-spiral2.eu/industryBd Henri Becquerel, CAEN Cedex 0514076 FRANCEContact Bruno Piquete-mail bruno.piquet@ganil.frPhones +33 (0)231454689 +33 (0)231454586
30
HIHEAVY IONS
32
HEAVY IONS facilitySource type LINAC
Ion species and energy ranges Protons to uranium ions at typically 5 MeV / amu specific energy LETs from 13 keV / um to 27000 keV / μm in Si.
Min – Max fluxes Typically few hundred ions per second in beam focus (for easy ions like Ar, Xe, Ni, Au)
User flux control YesSpot size / Uniformity About 500x700nm scanning area: maximum
around 500x500um gaussian Dosimetry Method Channeltron for secondary electrons
Beam counting and monitoring system: Single particle counting Test chamber Vacuum
Device positioning system x-y-phi stage Micro-beam Yes
Special access conditions Beamtime free of charge via program advisory committee http://www.gsi.de/beamtime
GSI DARMSTADT (MICROPROBE)
Planckstrasse 1, DarmstadtD-64291 GERMANYContact Kay-Obbe Voss e-mail K.-O.Voss@gsi.dePhone 496-159-712-637
HIHEAVY IONS
HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM BERLIN
NEUTRON Gamma
PROTON facility - 1Source name HZB cyclotron (former ISL)Source type VdG and cyclotron
Energy Range 1 - 72 MeV Methods to change energy Tunable: 1 - 4 MeV, above: degrader
Min – Max fluxes 103 - 1012 protons/s User Flux control Not directly.
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Diameter 1 mm to 50 mm, for 50 mm homogeneity better than 10%.
Device positioning system x-y table. Dosimetry Method Ionisation chamber, Faraday cups.
Latest Ref. Fac Description Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 240 (2005) 61 - 68 Special access conditions None for OECD and EU countries,
security check according to the German Law on Foreign Trade for others.
NEUTRON facility - 1Source Name HZB cyclotron or BERIIFacility type Accelerator: HZB cyclotron
Neutron Generation Technique / Accelerator: depending on target .reactor:Production Method / Energy Range thermal or cold neutrons
Methods to change energy Accelerator: depending on target reactor: none.
Flux range Reactor: 109User Flux control No
Special access conditions None for OECD and EU countries, security check according to the German Law on Foreign Trade for others
Gamma facility - 1Source Name Kobaltquelle Source type Co-60
Emitted radiation / energy 1.17 and 1.33 MeVDose rates 0.4 - 3 Gray / h
Volume of irradiation chamber Several cubicmeters Source Geometry Panorama Dosimetry Method Farmer chamber plus Unidos
Temperature control available None, Temp. is between 20 and 23 degrees Special access conditions None for OECD and EU countries,
security check according to the German Law on Foreign Trade for others
n
http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/angebote/industrie/kobalt/index_de.htmlHahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin14109 GERMANYContact Andrea Denkere-mail denker@helmholtz-berlin.dePhone 49 30 8062-43000
34
p+
PROTON
36
PROTON facility - 1Source name HELIOS - 3 Source type 5 MV Tandem accelerator (UK).
Energy Range Protons 1 – 10 MeV / Alphas 1 – 15 MeV Methods to change energy Standard Tandem accelerator control
(GVM) Min – Max fluxes 1 nA – 10 uA
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape 1 – 15 mm diameter / To +/- 10% Device positioning system Various
Dosimetry Method SAW diode and copper activation foils Special access conditions 48 hours prior notice
NEUTRON facility - 1Source name HELIOS - 3 Facility type 5MV Tandem accelerator
Neutron Generation Technique / (p,n) reaction on various target materialsProduction Method
Energy Range Quasi-monoenergetic up to 10 MeV. Methods to change energy Standard Tandem accelerator control
(GVM) and material change Thermal neutrons / Characterized No
Special access conditions 48 hours prior notice
ELECTRON facility - 1 Source name South MarstonSource type 1) Dynamitron (UK). Energies 10 – 12 MeV
Min – Max fluxes Power from 0.3 – 90 kWSpot size / Uniformity 1 – 15 mm diameter / To ± 10% Dosimetry Method Thin film dosimeters
Beam counting and monitoring system Various.Test chamber Air normally. Vacuum or other gas
possible Device Positioning System Fixed or conveyor Special access conditions None
ELECTRON facility - 2Source name Daventry / Tullamore Source type 2) LINAC (UK, IRE) Energies 1.0 – 4.5 MeV
Min – Max fluxes Power from 0.3 – 90 kW Spot size / Uniformity 1 – 15 mm diameter / To ± 10% Dosimetry Method Thin film dosimeters
Beam counting and monitoring system Various Test chamber Air normally. Vacuum or other gas possible
Device Positioning System Fixed or conveyorSpecial access conditions None
Gamma facility - 1Source type Cobalt - 60 (UK, NL, F, D, IRE)
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma, 1.25 MeVDose rates ELDRS up to 10 kGy /hr
Volume of irradiation chamber 3 x 10 x 20m Source Geometry A rack of up to 200 pencils, each around
1m long Dosimetry Method Harwell Dosimeters Perspex dosimeters and
alanine Temperature control available NTP and ovens up to 100 °CSpecial access conditions None
NEUTRON Gamma
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418.19 Harwell, Didcot, OxfordshireOX11 0DF UNITED KINGDOMContact Richard Sharp e-mail richard.sharp@isotron.comPhone +44-1235-443215
ISOTRON LTD
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PROTON facility - 1Source type Cyclotron
Energy Range 30 - 200 MeV (energies below 200 MeV with degraders)
Min – Max fluxes 100 - 1011 p / s / cm2
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape 7 - 30 cm dia / 40%Device positioning system Remote x / y tableSpecial access conditions None
NEUTRON facility - 1Facility type Proton LINAC
Neutron Generation Technique / Be TargetProduction Method
Energy Range 10 – 11 MeV Flux Range Max 3.5 x 1010 n / cm2 / s (1 MeV equivalent)
Spot size / Uniformity 25 cm2 (approx) / ± 10%
ELECTRON facility - 1 Source type LINAC/Synchrotron Storage Ring. Energies 50 MeV (nominal)
Min – Max fluxes Variable dose rate from below 107 to greater than 1,013 (goal: 1,012 over 16 cm2 spot)
Spot size / Uniformity Variable from less than 1 cm2 to greater than 900 cm2
Beam counting and monitoring system TLD, p - i - n diode, and other dosimetryTest chamber Air
Device Positioning System X – Y positioning table, 0.001 in accuracy Special access conditions Facility scheduled to be operational by
autumn 2011
NEUTRON
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http://www.iucf.indiana.edu/rerp/index.php2401 N Milo B. Sampson Lane, BloomingtonIN-47405 USAContact Barbara Von Przewoski e-mail bvonprze@indiana.eduPhone 812-855-2913Contact Paul Sokol e-mail pesokol@indiana.edu
INDIANA UNIVERSITY CYCLOTRON OPERATIONS
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Japan Atomic Energy AgencyADVANCED RADIATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Gamma HEAVY IONS
PROTON facility - 1Source name Source name TIARA (Takasaki Ion
Accelerators for Advanced Radiation Application)
Source type AVF Cyclotron(K110), 3 MV Tandem accelerator, 3 MV Single-Ended accelerator,and 400 kV Ion Implanter
Energy Range AVF Cyclotron: 10 MeV to 80 MeV, 3 MVTandem Accelator: 0.8 MeV to 6 MeV, 3 MV Single-Ended: 0.4 to 3 MeV, and 400 kV Ion implanter: 20 to 380 keV
Methods to change energy Methods to change energy Changing acceleration voltage (not use of absorber)
Min – Max fluxes Cyclotron: 2.5 μA to 1.2 μA, 3 MV Tandem: 0.5μA, 400keV Ion Implanter: 2μA
User Flux control User Flux control Attenuator control system etc
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Spot size: depending on accelerators and beam lines (Spot beams with 1 cmΦ undernormal conditions, 1μm or less microbeam available on 3 MV single-ended,Scanning beams with slit adjusting up to 10x10 cm. squre, High uniformity beams with 2 % using Multipole Magnets are also developed.).
Device positioning system Device positioning system Setting on the stage/goniometers (remote control systems).
Dosimetry Method Faraday Cup (FC), Solid State Detector (SSD), etc.
Latest Ref. Fac Description http://www.taka.jaea.go.jp/tiara/index_e.htm Special access conditions Common-use program with charge.
ELECTRON facility - 1Source name: Electron Beam Irradiation Facility
Source type (VdG, cyclotron, Sr-90...): Cockcroft-walton type Energies: 0.5 MeV to 2.0 MeV
Min – Max fluxe 0.1 mA to 30 mASpot size / Uniformity Scanning beams (5 cm x 120 cm),
Uniformity better than 5%. Dosimetry Method A total absorption type calorimeter,
Electron current density meter, Cellulose triacetate (CTA) film
Beam counting and monitoring system Current MeterTest chamber Depending on users: air under normal
conditions, Also setting a vacuum chamberis possible
Device Positioning System Fixed table, Tray conveyor (commoly 20 cm from the beam window) under normal conditions, Also setting special system is possible
Special access conditions Common-use programe with charge
Gamma facility - 1Source name Gamma-ray Irradiation Facilities(No. 1, No. 2,
Food irradiation Bldg.s)Source type Co - 60 source.
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma – ray / 1.25 MeVDose rates 0.1 Gy / h to 104 Gy / h
Volume of irradiation chamber Irradiation in air is under normal conditiona (Irradiation room area is 4 m x 4 m square), Also setting special chambers is possible
Source Geometry Plaque, cylindrical, pencilDosimetry Method Parallel-plate ionization chamber, alanine/EPR
dosimetry system (Aminogray) Temperature control available No control system under normal conditions, Also
setting special irradiation systems is possible Special access conditions Common-use programe with charge
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name TIARA (Takasaki Ion Accelerators for Advanced
Radiation Application) Source type AVF cyclotron (K110), 3 MV Tandem accelerator,
3 MV Single - Ended accelerator, and 400 kV Ion Implanter
Ion species and energy ranges Cyclotron : H 10 to 80 MeV, He 20 to 107 MeV, Ar 150 to 520 MeV, Kr 322 to 520 MeV, Xe 450 to 560 MeV, Os 490 MeV, etc., Cockteil Beams are also available. 3 MV Tandem: H 0.8 to 6 MeV, C 0.8 to18 MeV, Ni 0.8 to18 MeV, Au 0.8 to18 MeV etc. 3 MeV Single-Ended: He 3 MeV 400kV Ion Implanter: up to Bi, 380 keV
Incident LET in Si / Range in Si Please see a Table on the sheet "HoJa2"Min – Max fluxes Cyclotron : H 10 to 80 MeV(1.2 - 4.5 emA), He 20
to 107 MeV(0.5 - 2.0 pnA), Ar 150 to 520 MeV(0.4 - 200 pnA), Kr 322 - 520 MeV(1.1 - 2.9 pnA), Xe 450 to 560 MeV (0.2 - 5.0pnA), Os 490 MeV (0.3 pnA) 3 MV Tandem : H 0.8 to 6 MeV (0.5 emA), C 0.8 to 18 MeV (0.01 - 3.0 emA), Ni 0.8 to 18 MeV(0.4 - 1.0 emA), Au 0.8 to 18 MeV(0.3 - 0.8 emA
User flux control Attenuator control system. Spot size / Uniformity 0.1 mm square to 30 mm square: Slit adjusting,
typical, High uniformity beams using Multipole Magnets
Dosimetry Method / FC and SSD detectorsBeam counting and monitoring system
Test chamber Vacuum chamber, air via thin film or micro-appertureDevice positioning system Setting on the stage/goniometers (remote control
systems) Micro-beam Cyclotron: collimation beam (50 μmΦ) / Focuing
system (1 to 2 μmΦ), 3 MeV Tandem: 1 μmΦ (with single ion hitting), 3 MV Single-Ended: 0.25 μmΦ
http://www.taka.jaea.go.jp/index_e.html1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, Gunma370-1292 JAPANContact Kojima Takuji e-mail kojima.takuji@jaea.go.jpPhones +81-27-346-9215 +81-27-346-9690
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INSTITUTE OF SPACE DIVICE ENGINEERING
PROTON facility - 1Source name TWAC. (TeraWatt Accumulator) Source type Synchrotron
Energy Range 100 - 400. Min – Max fluxes 1.5·104 ÷ 2·105
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Ø 15 / ≤ 30% Device positioning system YesSpecial access conditions Upon request
Gamma facility - 1Source name IS - DRE Source type Cs137
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma ray / 0.67 MeVDose rates 0.5·10-3 ÷ 1.6
Volume of irradiation chamber Ø 22 x 384 Special access conditions Upon request
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name IS OI (400) based on U - 400 Source type Cyclotron.
Ion species and energy ranges O, Ne, Ar, Fe, Kr, Xe, Bi Incident LET in Si 4.5÷99 MeV×cm2 /mg
Range in Si >30μm Min – Max fluxes 10 - 105User flux control Yes
Spot size / Uniformity 60 x60 mm /≤ 10%; 60х90 mm /≤ 15%; 60 x180 mm /≤30%
Beam counting and monitoring system 5 proportion counters – active / track detectors - passive
Test chamber Vaccuum Device positioning system Yes
Micro-beam No Special access conditions Upon request
HEAVY IONS facility - 2Source name IS OI-A (400 M) based on U - 400M Source type Cyclotron
Ion species and energy ranges O, Ne, Ar, Fe, Kr, Xe, Bi Incident LET in Si 4.5÷99 MeV×cm2 /mg
Range in Si >30μm Min – Max fluxes 10 - 105User flux control Yes
Spot size / Uniformity 60 x60 mm /≤ 10%; 60х90 mm /≤ 15%; 60 x180 mm /≤30%
Beam counting and monitoring system 5 proportion counters – active / track detectors - passive.
Test chamber Vaccuum Device positioning system Yes
Micro-beam No Special access conditions Upon request
HEAVY IONS facility - 3Source name IS-OPI based on ITEP TWAC (TeraWatt
Accumulator) / output - 212 /The project is in try-out stage
Source type Synchrotron Ion species and energy ranges Fe
Incident LET in Si 0.2÷4 MeV×cm2 /mg Range in Si >3.5 mm
Min – Max fluxes Expected 10 - 104User flux control No
Spot size / Uniformity 30 x30 mm /≤ 30% Beam counting and monitoring system Track detectors - passive
Test chamber Air Device positioning system Yes
Micro-beam No Special access conditions Upon request
53 AviamotornayaMoscow111250 RUSSIAContact Vasily Anashin e-mail npk1-niikp@mail.ruPhones 7 495 673 99 26 / 7 916 922 28 53
HIHEAVY IONS
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University of JyväskyläDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
HEAVY IONS
PROTON facility - 1Source name JYFL K-130 cyclotron Source type Cyclotron
Energy Range 0 to 60 MeV, adjustable with the cyclotron and/or degraders
Methods to change energy Cyclotron tuning Min – Max fluxes 100 to 1012 protons /s cm2
User Flux control YesSpot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Ø = 10 cm / ± 10 %
Device positioning system X, Y, Z + tilting Special access conditions No
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name JYFL K-130 cyclotronSource type Cyclotro
Ion species and energy ranges High energy cocktail 9.3·A MeV: 15N, 20 Ne, 30 Si, 40 Ar, 56 Fe, 82 Kr, 131 Xe Low energy Cocktail 3.6·A MeV: 12 C, 30 Si,54 Fe, 84 Kr, 132 Xe. Other ions/energies available on demand
Incident LET in Si At 9.3·A MeV: 15 N (LET = 1.9 MeV/mg/cm2), 20 Ne (3.7), 30 Si (6.7), 40Ar (10.1), 56 Fe (18.8), 82 Kr (30.4), 131 Xe (55.0). At 3.6·A MeV: 12 C (LET = 3 MeV / mg / cm2), 30 Si (11), 54 Fe (27), 84 Kr(40), 132 Xe (69). Other LETs available on demand
Range in Si 15N (202 μm), 20Ne (146 μm), 30Si (130μm), 40Ar (118 μm), 56Fe (97 μm), 82Kr (94 μm), 131Xe (89 μm)
Min – Max fluxes 0 to millions of ions / s·cm2 - depends on ion User flux control Yes
Spot size / Uniformity 2 · 2 cm2 and for special cases up to Ø = 70 mm in vacuum / ± 10 %
Beam counting and monitoring system Gas counter and/or PMT-tube Test chamber Vacuum and air
Device positioning system: X, Y, Z + tilting Micro-beam: No
Special access conditions: No
https://www.jyu.fi/fysiikka/enSurvontie 9, JyväskyläFI-40014 FINLANDContact Ari Virtanen e-mail ari.j.virtanen@jyu.fiPhone +35 850 541 9401
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The LNS Irradiation FacilityLABORATORI NAZIONALI DEL SUD
HEAVY IONS
PROTON facility - 1Source name Injector, Tandem, CS Source type Electrostatic injector, VdG, Cyclotron Energy Range 20 - 400 keV, 5-26 MeV, 30-80 MeV
Methods to change energy Tunable for Injector and Tandem, RF setting for CS
Min – Max fluxes < 1012 / mm2
User Flux control No, done via operatorSpot size / Uniformity (%) - Beam shape size = 0.2 - 10 0mm / Uniformity < 10% /
Shape = point or collimated Device positioning system Up to the user, devices available
on request Dosimetry Method Up to the user
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name Tandem, CSSource type VdG, Cyclotron
Ion species and energy ranges Basically the periodic table, 0.1 - 80A MeV Incident LET in Si To be chosen rather freely
Range in Si To be chosen rather freely Min – Max fluxes < 108 / mm2 at max energy User flux control No, done via operator
Spot size / Uniformity Size = 0.2 - 100 mm / Uniformity < 10% / Shape = point or collimated
Dosimetry Method Up to the user Beam counting and monitoring system Up to the user, devices available on
request Test chamber Both
http://www.lns.infn.it/via S.Sofia 62, Catania95125 ITALYContact Paolo Finocchiaro e-mail finocchiaro@lns.infn.itContact Luigi Cosentino e-mail cosentino@lns.infn.itPhone 39095542111
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LASER facility - 1Facility Name SEREEL2 (Single Event Radiation Effects
in Electronics Laser) Laser type Integra seed laser feeding TOPAS optical
parametric amplifier (~1ps pulses) + auxiliary NdYAG 400 ps laser.
Wavelength Wavelength selectable in 1nm steps between 480 nm and 2,600 nm
Min – Max power Tens of microjoules to a millijoule per pulse (depending on selected wavelength)
Spot size / Uniformity 1μm diameter upwards depending on wavelength (the spot size is diffraction limited) / The spot has a virtually Gaussianprofile
Device positioning system 3 - axis nanostep stepper motor positioningplus piezoelectric x - y. transducers all under LabView control
Special access conditions Visitors need to wear eye protection goggles at all times whilst the laser is powered up
LASER
http://www.mbda.co.uk/Z11, PO Box 5, Golf Course Lane, Filton, BristolBS347QW UNITED KINGDOMContact Andrew Chugge-mail andrew.chugg@mbda-systems.comPhone 44 117-9318251
LASER
MBDA UK LTD.
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NATIONAL PHYSICAL LABORATORY
NEUTRON Gamma
NEUTRON facility - 1Source Name Manganese bath suite Facility type Neutron source emission
measurement Neutron Generation Technique Manganese bath
/ Production MethodEnergy Range Sources Cf - 252, Am -Be,
Am -B,Am -F, Am -Li Flux range Emission rates between
102 and 2 x 109 /s into 4 Pi Latest Ref. Fac Description http://www.npl.co.uk/ionising-
radiation/neutronmetrology/research/manganese-bath2
NEUTRON facility - 2Source Name Monoenergetic neutrons. Facility type Particle accelerator and
low-scatter environment. Neutron Generation Technique 3.5 MV Van de Graaff
/ Production Method accelerator Energy Range 8 keV to 17 MeV
(but with gaps)Methods to change energy Change particle energy
and/or target Flux range 10 to 1.6 x 103 at 1 m but
depending on energy User Flux control Accelerator beam current Dosimetry Method From fluence
Device positioning system Manual Energy spectrum Available Monoenergetic neutrons
Spectrometry Method Kinematics Difference from nat Large! cosmic ray spec
Special access conditions None
NEUTRON facility - 3Source Name Radionuclide source
neutrons Facility type: Low-scatter lab
Neutron Generation Technique Radionuclide sources/ Production Method
Energy Range Mean energies 0.5 MeV to 4.6 MeV
Methods to change energy Change sourceFlux range Fluence rates range from 1
to 3 x 103 at 1 m from sourceUser Flux control Change of source Dosimetry Method From accurately known
fluenceDevice positioning system Manual Energy spectrum Available Yes
Spectrometry Method Source spectra are standards
Difference from nat cosmic ray spec Large!
Special access conditions None
NEUTRON facility - 4Source name Thermal pile Facility type Thermal neutron fields
Neutron Generation Technique Accelerator driven system/ Production Method with large graphite
moderator Energy Range Thermal Flux range 102 to 107 depending on
size of irradaited object User Flux control Accelerator beam current. Spot size / Uniformity 30 cm diam beam or
artefact in 12 cm diameter hole
Dosimetry Method From flence measured with gold foils
Device positioning system Manual Thermal neutrons / YesCharacterized
Energy spectrum Available Rough spectrum available Spectrometry Method Foils for thermal part
Bonner spheres for contaminant fast part
Difference from nat Large!cosmic ray spec
Special access conditions See Spot size
ELECTRON facility - 1 Source name: Clinical Linac Source type Linear accelerator Energies 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20,
22 MeV Min – Max fluxes 0.4Gy /Min - 4Gy /Min at
Dmax 1m SSD Spot size / Uniformity Scattered clinical beam
6X6 to 25 x25cm Dosimetry Method Secondary standard
ionisation chamber Beam counting and Monitor Ionisation chambermonitoring system
Test chamber Air Device Positioning System High precision table
ELECTRON facility - 2: Source name Research LinacSource type Linear accelerator Energies 6 - 19 MeV.
Min – Max fluxes Variable upto 10 MGy per pulse
Spot size / Uniformity 0,5 Dosimetry Method Secondary standard
ionisation chamber Beam counting and Monitor Ionisationmonitoring system chamber and integral
beam count. Test chamber Air
Device Positioning System XY table
Gamma facility - 1Source Name Hotspot 3000 and Gammcell
220 self shielded irradiators Source type Co 60
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma / 1.25 MeVDose rates ~ 11 Gy / min and ~200
Gy / min Volume of irradiation chamber Cylinders 12 cm diameter by
15 cm high and 15 cm diameter by 19 cm high
Source Geometry Pencils Dosimetry Method Alanine
Temperature control available Can be controlled 20ºC to 55ºC, but with reduced usable volume. ± 2ºC
Gamma facility - 2Source Name Theratron Source type Co 60.
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma / 1.25 MeVDose rates 1 Gy / min at 80 cm to
1 Gy / hour at 600 cm SSD AD to water
Volume of irradiation chamber 6m x 10 m x 4 mSource Geometry Cylindrical Dosimetry Method Alanine
Temperature control available 18 ºC to 22ºC, Better than 0.1 ºC per hour
Gamma facility - 3Source Name Mainance Source type Co - 60 /Cs - 137 /Am-241.
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma: 1.25MeV, 662 keV, 59.5 keV
Dose rates 5mGy/hour to 50mGy/hour Air Kerma
Volume of irradiation chamber 6m x 10m x 4mSource Geometry Cylindrical Dosimetry Method Secondary standard
ionisation chamber Temperature control available 18 ºC to 22ºC, Better than
0.1 ºC per hour
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http://www.npl.co.uk/Hampton Road, Teddington, MiddlesexTW11 0LW UNITED KINGDOMContact Rebecca Nutbrown e-mail rebecca.nutbrown@npl.co.ukPhone 44 20 8943 6473Contact Jane Taylor e-mail jane.taylor@npl.co.ukPhone 44 20 8943 8695
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NASA SPACE RADIATION LABORATORY AT BROOKHAVEN
HEAVY IONS
PROTON facility - 1Source name LINAC to BOOSTERSource type Linear Accelerator to Synchrotron
Energy Range 50 – 2500 MeV without degraders Methods to change energy Tunable
Min – Max fluxes Single particle – 6.1011User Flux control Yes
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape 1 cm to 60 x 60 cm2 / ± 5% typical Device positioning system Remote control 3-axis translation (± 0.1 mm) and
rotation (± 0.5 degree). Dosimetry Method Ion Chambers, Plastic Scintillators, Secondary
Emission Chamber Special access conditions Flexible
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name EBISSource type Electron Beam Ion Source and Tandem Van de Graaff
into Booster synchrotronIon species and energy ranges We have run 1H, 4He, 12C, 16O, 20Ne, 28Si, 40Ar, 35Cl,
48Ti, 56Fe, 197Au, although with EBIS, all ions from He to U are available. Most ions are available from 0.1 - 1.0GeV/amu on-target. Protons can go up to 2.5 GeV. LETs on-target for heavy ions range from 0.06 MeV·cm2/mg for 12 GeV carbon to 4 MeV·cm2/mg for 5.6 GeV iron. C. Foster et al. presented a paper at NSREC this year demonstrating the ability to degrade200 MeV/amu gold to achieve higher LETs in
Min – Max fluxes Facility is primarily radiobiology, so flux is better couched in terms of dose rate. Dose rates are from a few Gy (H2O)/min down to a few 100/cm
2 per spill, for all but the Ti and proton beams. For Ti, the maximum is around 1 Gy(H2O)/min, while for protons 0.8 Gy(H2O)/min is a hard-to-achieve maximum. A more typical rate would be 0.4 Gy(H2O)/min. Dose rates increase with decreasing energy due to rising LET, but the machine becomes less efficient at lower energies, so that less beam is available. The rates quoted above are for a 20×20 cm2
beam. As an example, a 0.4 Gy(H20)/min dose rate for 56 GeV iron
User flux control Would Spot size / Uniformity Typical usable beam size is 20 cm by 20 cm / ± 3%.
Beam counting and monitoring system PMTs and scintillators for dose rates below 600 cGy(H2O)/hr and ion. chambers for dose rates above 600 cGy(H2O)/hr. A calibration ion chamber is used in comparison with the larger ion chambers
Test chamber Air Device positioning system Translation and rotation tables; both can be
controlled remotely Micro-beam None
Special access conditions Located in a controlled-access US Department of Energy facility. Special on-site training required for beam line access
http://www.bnl.gov/medical/nasa/nsrl_description.aspBrookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York11973-5000 USAContact Adam Rusek e-mail rusek@bnl.govPhone 1 631-344-3072 / 1 631-344-5830ContactMichael Sivertz e-mail sivertz@bnl.govPhone 1 631-344-3096 / 1 631-344-6102
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EADS NUCLETUDES
Gamma facility - 1Source name SAND. Source type Co 60
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma 1.17 MeV & 1,33 MeVDose rates 36 rad (Si) / h to 290 krad (Si) / h Lower dose
rate is available using Pb shield and in free space in 2012 74 TBq December 1998
Volume of irradiation chamber ~1 m x 1 m x 2.5 m Source Geometry Panoramic irradiator Dosimetry Method Real time silicon sensors
Temperature control available 20°C ± 2°C Special access conditions Access by stairs (Source located in the
basement) Medical agreement required to access to the irradiation room (French radioprotection regulation)
X RAY facility - 1Source name Balzac2 & Balzac3 Source type Flash X ray
Emitted radiation / energy X ray 50 keV to 6 MeVDose rates 106 rad / s to 1012 rad / s Pulse duration
28 ns (balzac2) and 42 ns (Balzac3)Volume of irradiation chamber ~1 m x 1 m x 2.5 m
Source Geometry Plaque, cylindrical, pencil Dosimetry Method Real time silicon sensors
Temperature control available 20°C ± 2°C Special access conditions Medical agreement required to access to
the irradiation area (French radioprotection regulation)
3, Avenue du Hoggar-BP 117-Les UlisCourtaboeuf Cedex91944 FRANCEContact Patrick Trochet e-mail ptrochet@nucletudes.comPhone 33-1-60-926111 (direct) / 33-1-60-926100
Gamma
XRAY
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THE FRENCH AEROSPACE LAB
HEAVY IONS Gamma
Gamma facility - 2Source name MEGA Source type Co - 60
Emitted radiation / energy 1 MeV gamma raysDose rates 1 mrad (Si) / s – 2 rad (Si) / s
Volume of irradiation chamber Large volume (room source), remote bias capability
Source Geometry Slab Dosimetry Method Radcal 2026C dosimeter for yearly
calibration, update of source activity for setting experiment distance. Pb /Al screening for energy spectrum hardening when required
Temperature control available Liquid nitrogen line, ovens available Special access conditions Depending on availability of facility,
human resources and type of activities working schedule provided 1 month in advance, risk prevention plan, training and personal dosimeter
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name: CIRIL Source type Low activity sources (Am241, Cf252)
Ion species and energy ranges Alpha 5 MeV, Californium Test chamber Vaccuum
http://www.onera.fr/2 Avenue Edouard Belin, BP74025, Toulouse Cedex 431055 FRANCEContact Sophie Duzellier e-mail Sophie.duzellier@onera.frPhone 33-562252757Contact Romain Rey e-mail Romain.rey@onera.frPhone 33-562252740
PROTON facility - 1Source name MIRAGE, SEMIRAMIS target chambers
(under vaccuum) Source type VdG
Energy Range 45 keV – 2.5 MeVMethods to change energy Voltage at terminal
Min – Max fluxes 2 configurations: high flux 1–20 nA on target (109 – 1011 part. / cm².s), low flux 1-100 pA on target (106 – 108 part. /cm².s)
User Flux control No Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape 12 x 12 cm² max - (beam scattering and
sweeping) / 10% Device positioning system Motorized table
Dosimetry Method Faraday cups Special access conditions Agreement with ONERA, working
schedule provided 1 month in advance
ELECTRON facility - 1Source name: MIRAGE(, SEMIRAMIS), GEODUR
target chambers. Source type VdGEnergies 400 keV - 2.5 MeV
Min – Max fluxes 1 - 20 nA on target (109 – 1011 part. / cm².s). Spot size / Uniformity Diam.160mm / 10%Dosimetry Method Faraday cups
Beam counting and monitoring system Faraday cups Test chamber Vacuum
Device Positioning System Motorized table Special access conditions Agreement with ONERA, working
schedule provided 1 month in advance
Gamma facility - 1Source name MILGASource type Co - 60
Emitted radiation / energy 1 MeV gamma raysDose rates 0.3 mrad (Si) / s – 0.15 rad (Si) / s
Volume of irradiation chamber Large volume (room source), remote control of irradiation (start/stop) available to users
Source Geometry Slab Dosimetry Method Radcal 2026C dosimeter for yearly
calibration, update of source activity for setting experiment distance. Pb /Al screening for energy spectrum hardening when required
Temperature control available Liquid nitrogen line Special access conditions Depending on availability of facility,
human resources and type of activities working schedule provided 1 month in advance, risk prevention plan, training and personal dosimeter
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PHYSIKALISCH TECHNISCHE BUNDESANSTALT
PROTON facility - 1Source name PIAFSource type 3.75 MV VdG, TCC CV28 Cyclotron
Energy Range 0.1 MeV - 19 MeV Methods to change energy Tunable
Min – Max fluxes 1 nA - 100 microA User Flux control Yes, via operator in the same room.
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Diameter 2 - 10 mm.Dosimetry Method Faraday cup
Latest Ref. Fac Description: Brede et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. 169 (1980) 349 - 358
Special access conditions No
NEUTRON facility - 1Source Name Neutron Reference Fields (ISO 8529)Facility type ion accelerator
Neutron Generation Technique / (p,n) and (d,n) reactions Production Method
Energy Range 24 keV - 19 MeV.Methods to change energy Tunable
Flux range 50 - 12,000User Flux control Yes, via operator in the same room
Spot size / Uniformity Open fieldDosimetry Method Fluence measurement
Thermal neutrons / Characterized No Energy spectrum Available Yes Spectrometry Method Time-of-flight
Difference from nat cosmic ray spec Max. energy 19 MeV, monoenergeticSpecial access conditions NoLatest Ref. Fac Description Nolte et al., Radiation Protection
Dosimetry 110 (2004) 97 -102
NEUTRON facility - 2Source Name High flux neutron beam Facility type ion accelerator
Neutron Generation Technique / Be (p,n) and Be (d,n) reactionsProduction Method
Energy Range Broad; 5 MeV mean energy Methods to change energy Tunable
Flux range < 109 / cm2 / s1User Flux control Yes, via operator in the same room
Spot size / Uniformity Collimated beam, diameter >40 mm Dosimetry Method ionisaton chambers, water calorimeter
Thermal neutrons / Characterized NoEnergy spectrum Available Yes Spectrometry Method Time-of-flight Special access conditions No Latest Ref. Fac Description Brede et al., Phys. Med. Biol. 51 (2006)
3667 - 3682
NEUTRON facility - 3Source Name Radionuclid sources (ISO 8529) Facility type Radionuclide sources
Neutron Generation Technique / AmBe, CfProduction Method
Energy Range < 6 MeV Methods to change energy No
Flux range 10 - 2000 User Flux control Yes, via distance variation and using
sources with different emission rates Spot size / Uniformity Open field Dosimetry Method Source strength (Mn - bath) and spectrometry
Thermal neutrons / Characterized YesEnergy spectrum Available Yes
Spectrometry Method Monte - Carlo calculations and Bonnersphere spectrometry
Difference from nat cosmic ray spec Max. energy < 6 MeVSpecial access conditions No Latest Ref. Fac Description Kluge, PTB - Report PTB - N - 34 (1998)
ELECTRON facility - 1Source name Elekta Precise with MLC Source type Linear accelerator Energies 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22 MeV
Dosimetry Method Water calorimeter, ionization chamber, alanine
Beam counting and monitoring system Internal monitor, external transmission chamber
Test chamber Air Device Positioning System 3D positioning system Latest Ref. Fac Description K. Derikum, IFMBE Proceedings 25 / 1,
p. 53 ff
ELECTRON facility - 2Source name Elekta Precise with asymmetric head Source type Linear accelerator Energies 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22 MeV
Dosimetry Method Water calorimeter, ionization chamber, alanine
Beam counting and monitoring system Internal monitor, external transmission chamber
Test chamber Air. Device Positioning System 3D positioning system Latest Ref. Fac Description K. Derikum, IFMBE Proceedings 25 / 1,
p. 53 ff
ELECTRON facility - 3Source name Research accelerator Source type Linear accelerator Energies 0.5 - 50 MeV
Spot size / Uniformity ≈ 0.5 cm Dosimetry Method Water calorimeter, ionization chamber,
alanine Beam counting and monitoring system External transmission chamber, beam
current monitor Test chamber Vacuum, air
Device Positioning System Robot Latest Ref. Fac Description K. Derikum, IFMBE Proceedings 25 / 1,
p. 53 ff
http://www.ptb.de/en/org/6/_index.htmAbteilung 6 / Bundesallee 100, Braunschweig38116 GERMANYContactHerbert Janssen e-mail Herbert.Janssen@ptb.dePhone 49-531-592-6010ContactMargret Schmidt-Knepper e-mail Margret.Schmidt-Knepper@ptb.dePhone 49-531-592-6011
HI XRAY
NEUTRON Gamma X-ray HEAVY IONS
nELECTRON
e-p+
PROTON
Gamma facility - 1Source Name Co - 60 irradiation facility Source type Co - 60
Emitted radiation / energy 1.25 MeVDose rates ≈ 1 Gy / min
Source Geometry Collimated to 10 cm x 10 cm at 1 m distance
Dosimetry Method Water calorimeter, ionization chamber, alanine
Temperature control available 19.5 °C … 20.5 °C
Gamma facility - 2Source Name Gamma irradiation facility Source type Seven Cs - 137 and eight Co - 60 sources of
different activities. Emitted radiation / energy 0.662 MeV and 1.25 MeV
Dose rates 100 nGy /h … 14 Gy /h Source Geometry Collimated Dosimetry Method Cavity ionization chambers, secondary
ionization chambers Temperature control available 19.5 °C … 20.5 °C Latest Ref. Fac Description Engelke et al, PTB Report DOS - 16
Gamma facility - 3Source Name High-energy Photon Reference Fields
(ISO 4037)Source type Gamma - ray.
Emitted radiation / energy 4.4 MeV (ISO RC) and 6-7 MeV (ISO RF)
Dose rates 0.001 - 1 mSv /h Source Geometry Open field
Dosimetry Method(s) ionisation chamber, photon spectrometry Temperature control available 20 °C … 22 °C Latest Ref. Fac Description Buermann et al., Radiation Protection
Dosimetry 96 (2001) 213–218
X RAY facility - 1Source name X-ray facilities R127, R128, R124Source type X-rays produced with W, Mo and Rh
anode tubes.Emitted radiation / energy Tube voltage range: 10 kV - 400 kV
Dose rates 1 mGy / h … 100 Gy / hSource Geometry CollimatedDosimetry Method Free-air ionization chambers
Temperature control available 19.5 °C … 20.5 °C
X RAY facility -2Source name Elekta Precise with MLCSource type Linear accelerator
Emitted radiation / energy 6 Mev, 10 MeV, 15 MeVDose rates 0.5 Gy /min … 5 Gy / min
Source Geometry CollimatedDosimetry Method Water calorimeter, ionization chamber,
alanineTemperature control available 19.5 °C … 20.5 °CLatest Ref. Fac Description K. Derikum, IFMBE Proceedings 25/1,
p. 53 ff
X RAY facility -3Source name Elekta Precise with asymmetric headSource type Linear accelerator
Emitted radiation / energy 4 Mev, 8 MeV, 25 MeVDose rates 0.5 Gy / min … 5 Gy / min
Source Geometry CollimatedDosimetry Method Water calorimeter, ionization chamber,
alanine Temperature control available 19.5 °C … 20.5 °C Latest Ref. Fac Description K. Derikum, IFMBE Proceedings 25/1,
p. 53 ff
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name PIAFSource type 3.75 MV VdG, TCC CV28 Cyclotron
Ion species and energy ranges p (0.1 - 19 MeV), 2 - H (0.2 - 13.5 MeV), 4 - He (0.2 - 27 MeV)
Incident LET in Si 10 - 400 keV/micro m Min – Max fluxes < 100 micro A User flux control Yes, via operator in the same room
Spot size / Uniformity 0.003 - 10 mm Dosimetry Method Faraday cup, single ion counting
Beam counting and monitoring system Fraday cup Test chamber Vaccuum air Micro-beam Yes; < 2 μm spatial resolution, single ions
62
HEAVY IONS facilitySource type 6 MV Tandem VgG
Ion species and energy ranges In principle H-U, most used beams are H, He, C, O, Si, Cl, Cu, I, Au / Up to 80 MeV, up to 40 MeV/(mg / cm2) on surface
Min – Max fluxes 100-10000 ions/s into 100x100 μm2
Spot size / Uniformity < 1 μm / N/A Beam counting and monitoring system N/A
Test chamber Vacuum Device positioning system x - y - z laser interferometer controlled stages,
50 nm nominal precision.Micro-beam Yes
Special access conditions Visitors need to be able to get SNL visitor badge
SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES
http://www.sandia.gov/pcnsc/departments/radsolid.htmlPO BOX 5800, MS 1056, AlburquerqueNM-87185 USAContactGyorgy Vizkelethye-mail gvizkel@sandia.govPhone 505-284-3120
HIHEAVY IONS
64
NATIONAL LABORATORY OF LEGNARO
SIRAD-INFNPROTON facility - 1Source name SIRAD Source type Tandem VdG
Energy Range 26 - 30 MeV Methods to change energy By changing the potential of the
electrostatic accelerator Min – Max fluxes Low range 1E5-2.5E6 protons / cm2 / s -
High range: 109 protons / cm2s / s User Flux control NO, the flux is controlled by the operator
of the accelerator Spot size / Uniformity (%) - Beam shape Spot size diameter: 3 cm / Uniformity:
better than 10% - Beam shape: semi-gaussian with defocused beam. Spot size diameter: 0.5 cm / Uniformity: better than 10% - Beam shape: semi - gaussian with rastered focused beam
Device positioning system Motorized: X (horizontal), Y (vertical) and rotation ± 90 degree. Laser for accurate device positioning
Dosimetry Method Faraday Cups for the high range 109protons / cm2 / s. Low area scintillators for the low range: 105 - 2.56 protons / cm2 / s (under development)
Latest Ref. Fac Description Describing the old irradiation set-up (before 2006, now updated): Radecs 2003 Conference Proceedings, "The SIRAD Irradiation Facility for Bulk Damage and Single Event Effect Studies", D. Bisello et al
Special access conditions Call for proposal: http://www.lnl.infn.it/~tandem/TAcall.html
Gamma facility - 1Source name Panoramic Gammabeam model 150 A.Source type Co - 60
Emitted radiation / energy 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeVDose rates 1 January 2011: 23.4 Gy(Si)/h at 30 cm -
5.93 Gy (Si) / h at 60 cm with standard shielding for total dose tests
Volume of irradiation chamber Width: 2.5 m x Length: 3 m x High: 4 m Source Geometry Spherical
Dosimetry Method. Fricke dosimeterTemperature control available Room Temperature: Min: 20C- Max 26C,
Stability ± 2C.Special access conditions None, please contact the reference person. Latest Ref. Fac Description Radecs 2002 Conference Proceedings:
"Irradiation facilities for electron device testing at the INFN National Laboratory of Legnaro", D. Bisello et al
HEAVY IONS facilitySource name SIRADSource type Tandem VdG
Ion species and energy ranges 17 different ion species from Lithium to Gold
Incident LET in Si / Range in Si 17 values from 0.37 MeV*cm2 /mg for Lithium up to 38.6 for Bromide, 54.7 for Silver and 81.7 for Gold.
Source Range in Si 17 different values from 378 um for Lithium up to 31.3 for Bromide, 27.6 for Silver and 23.4 for Gold
Min – Max fluxes 10 - 100.000User flux control NO, the flux is controlled by the operator
of the accelerator. Spot size / Uniformity Spot size diameter: 3 cm / Uniformity:
better than 10% Dosimetry Method Silicon diodes
Beam counting and monitoring system Yes, with silicon diodesTest chamber Vacuum at 80E - 6 mbar
Device positioning system Motorized: X (horizontal), Y (vertical) and rotation ± 90 degree. Laser for accurate device positioning.
Micro-beam Ion Electron Emission Microscopy (IEEE) for Single Event Effect Micromapping
Special access conditions Call for proposal: http://www.lnl.infn.it/~tandem/TAcall.html
Latest Ref. Fac Description Describing the old irradiation set-up (before 2006, now updated): Radecs 2003 Conference Proceedings: "The SIRAD Irradiation Facility for Bulk Damage and Single Event Effect Studies", D. Bisello et al
X RAY facility - 1Source name Seifert Rp - 149Source type X-ray.
Emitted radiation / energy 10 keV. Dose rates 10 krad(Si) / hour at 45 cm with I=10 mA -
1 Mrad(Si) / hour at 10 cm with I=50 mA Volume of irradiation chamber Width: 1.2 m x Length: 1.3 m x High: 1.2 m
Source Geometry X - ray tube with W anode at 0 degree and take off angle 0 - 20 degree
Dosimetry Method Silicon diodes Temperature control available Room Temperature: Min 20C - Max 26C,
Stability ± 2C Special access conditions None, please contact the reference person.Latest Ref. Fac Description Radecs 2002 Conference Proceedings:
"Irradiation facilities for electron device testing at the INFN National Laboratory of Legnaro", D. Bisello et al
http://sirad.pd.infn.it/sirad/WEB/SIRAD/Index_SIRAD.htmViale dell'Università 2, Legnaro (Padova)I-35020 ITALYContactDario Bisello e-mail bisello@pd.infn.itPhone +39-049-8277215Contact Andrea Candelori e-mail candelori@pd.infn.itPhone +39-049-8277215
HI XRAY
Gamma X-ray HEAVY IONS
p+
PROTON
66
ELECTRON facility - 1 Source type LINAC U - 31 / 33 Energies 2 MeV
Spot size / Uniformity 4 mm (output window) / 20 %
Test chamber Air Device Positioning System Manual
ELECTRON facility - 2 Source type LINAC RELUS - 1 Energies 3.5 MeV
Min – Max fluxes 1…50 μA. Spot size / Uniformity 4 mm (output window) /
20 % Test chamber Air
Device Positioning System Manual
ELECTRON facility - 3: Source type Pulsed electron accelerator
ARSA Energies 0.2…1 MeV
Min – Max fluxes 1.2×1014 R / s, pulse 10 nsSpot size / Uniformity 10 mm (output window) /
30 % Test chamber Air
Device Positioning System Manual
X RAY facility - 1Source type X-Ray
Emitted radiation / energy Maximum energy of X - ray– 50 keV. Average energy of X - ray – 10 keV
Dose rates 1…200 R / s Volume of irradiation chamber 200 x 200 x 200 mm
X RAY facility - 2Source type X-Ray
Emitted radiation / energy Maximum energy of X - ray– 100 keV. Average energy of X - ray – 10…20 keV
Dose rates 1…250 R / s Volume of irradiation chamber 200 x 200 x 200 mm
X RAY facility - 3Source type X -Ray
Emitted radiation / energy Maximum energy of X - ray– 2 MeV. Average energy of X - ray – 450 keV
Dose rates 1…50 R / s Volume of irradiation chamber 200 x 200 x 1000 mm
X RAY facility - 4Source type X-Ray
Emitted radiation / energy Maximum energy of X - ray– 3,5 MeV. Average energy of X-ray – 650 keV
Dose rates 1…200 R / s Volume of irradiation chamber 200 x 200 x 1000 mm
Gamma facility - 1Source type Co -60 Dose rates 0,01…1 R/ s
Volume of irradiation chamber 200 x 300 x 400 mmSource Geometry Point Dosimetry Method TL dosimeters
Latest Ref. Fac Description Date of beginning of operation - 2012
Gamma facility - 2Source type Cs - 137 Dose rates 0,1…10 R / s
Volume of irradiation chamber 200 x 300 x 400 mm. Source Geometry Point Dosimetry Method TL dosimeters
Latest Ref. Fac Description Date of beginning of operation - 2012
LASER facility - 1Facility Name RADON-5 Laser type Q- switched Nd3+:YAGWavelength 1064 / 532 nm
Pulse duration 7…9 ns. Min – Max power 30 / 10 mJ, 0,2 Hz, single
shot Spot size / Uniformity 3…15 mm
Device positioning system: Manual
LASER facility - 2Facility Name RADON-8 Laser type Q-switched Nd3+:YAG. +
Ti:Sapphire.Wavelength 1064 / 532 / 700…1000 nm
Pulse duration 10…12 ns Min – Max power 100 / 40 / 5 (@850nm) mJ,
10 Hz, single shot Spot size / Uniformity 6…35 mm
Device positioning system Manual
LASER facility - 3Facility Name RADON-9F. Laser type Q-switched Nd3+:YAG Wavelength 1064 nm
Pulse duration 10…12 ns Min – Max power 10 μJ, 10 kHz Spot size / Uniformity min. 3 μm (1 / e2)
Device positioning system PC controlled motorized XYZ stage, precision 0.1 μm,max. linear speed 0.5 mm/s, travel range XYZ 100х100х25 mm.
LASER facility - 4Facility Name PICO-3Laser type DPSS picosecond
Nd3+:YAG Wavelength 1064 / 532 nm
Pulse duration 70 ps Min – Max power 7.3 / 3 μJ, 1 kHzSpot size / Uniformity min. 2.2 / 1.2 μm (1 / e2).
Device positioning system PC controlled motorized XYZ stage, precision 0.1 μm,max. linear speed 0.5 mm/s, travel range XYZ 100х100х25 mm
LASER facility - 5Facility Name PICO-4Laser type DPSS picosecond
Nd3+:YAG + OPG Wavelength: 700…1,000 nm Pulse duration 25 ps
Min – Max power: ~10 μJ (@800 nm), 1 kHzSpot size / Uniformity min. ~3 μm (1 / e2)
Device positioning system PC controlled motorized XYZ stage, precision 0.1 μm, max. linear speed 0.5 mm/s, travel range XYZ 100х100х25 mm
Specialized Electronic SystemsNATIONAL RESEARCH NUCLEAR UNIVERSITY
http://www.spels.ru/indexKashirskoe shosse 31ANGLEUR - LIEGE, Moscow115409 RUSSIAContact Alexey Artamonov e-mail asart@spels.ruPhones +79104314963 / +74953240420
XRAY
Gamma X-ray
LASER
LASERELECTRON
e-
68
HEAVY IONS facilitySource type K500 Superconducting Cyclotron
Ion species and energy ranges 15 MeV/u : He, N, Ne, Ar, Cu, Kr, Ag, Xe, Pr, Ho, Ta, Au; 25 MeV/u : He, N, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe; 40 MeV/u : N, Ne, Ar, Kr; Beams can be degraded to any energy between the initial given value and the Bragg peak energy
Incident LET in Si 15 MeV/u : He (0.11 MeVcm2 /mg), N (1.3 MeVcm2 /mg), Ne (2.5 MeVcm2 /mg), Ar (7.7 MeVcm2 /mg), Cu (17.8 MeVcm2 /mg), Kr (25.4 MeVcm2 /mg), Ag (38.5 MeVcm2 /mg), Xe (47.3 MeVcm2 /mg), Pr (53.8 MeVcm2 /mg), Ho (64.3MeVcm2 /mg), Ta (72.2 MeVcm2 /mg), Au (80.2 MeVcm2 /mg); 25 MeV/u : He (0.07 MeVcm2 /mg), N (0.9 MeVcm2 /mg), Ne (1.7 MeVcm2 /mg), Ar (5.4 MeVcm2 /mg), Kr (19.3 MeVcm2 /mg), Xe(37.9 MeVcm2 /mg); 40 MeV/u : N (0.6 MeVcm2 /mg), Ne (1.2 MeVcm2 /mg), Ar (3.8 MeVcm2 /mg), Kr (14.2)
Range in Si 15 MeV/u: He (1423 μm), N (428 μm), Ne (316 μm), Ar (229 μm), Cu (172 μm), Kr (170 μm), Ag (156 μm), Xe (156 μm), Pr (154 μm), Ho (156 μm), Ta (155 μm), Au (155 μm); 25 MeV/u: He (3449 μm ); N (1002 μm), Ne (799 μm), Ar (493 μm), Kr (332 μm), Xe (286 μm); 40 MeV/u: N (2334 μm),Ne(1655 μm), Ar (1079 μm), Kr (602 μm); NOTE: Ranges will be slightly lower for all
Min – Max fluxes Minimum flux for all beams is 100 part / cm2 / sec. Maximum flux is 106part / cm2 / sec for most beams. Exceptions are 15 MeV/u Au (105), 24.8 MeV/u Xe (~2.104); 40 MeV/u Kr (~104)
Spot size / Uniformity In-air: 1" or 1.5" diameter spot. Collimators can be used to reduce down to 1/4" diameter.Vacuum: 1.75" x 1.75" beam spotAdjustable slits can be used shrink this down to 1/4" x 1/4" Typically > 95% uniformity
Dosimetry Method Counts from the four outer detectors are averaged to determine the overall flux provided
Beam counting and monitoring system Set of five in-beam detectors (plastic scintillators attached to pmts) provide constantbeam dosimetry with updates every second
Test chamber We have vacuum chamber and in-air testing capabilities
Device positioning system Computer controlled for both vacuum and in - air testing. Adjustments in x,y,z and theta with respect to the beam path are possible
Micro-beam None Special access conditions None
Cyclotron InstituteTEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
http://cyclotron.tamu.edu/ref3366 TAMU College Station, TexasTX-77843-3366 USAContactHenry Clark e-mail clark@comp.tamu.eduContact Bruce Hyman e-mail hyman@comp.tamu.eduPhone 979-845-1411
HIHEAVY IONS
70
PROTON AND NEUTRON IRRADIATION FACILITIES
PROTON facility - 1Source name BL2C-1 from Cyclotron (TeraWatt
Accumulator) Energy Range 65 to 120 MeV (5 to 65 MeV with a
Degrader) Min – Max fluxes Back location: 105 to 1 x 108 (102 possible)
Front location: 2 x 109 maxSpot size / Uniformity - Beam shape: Back location: 1 to 7.5 cm diameter ± 5%
Front location: 0.5 to 2 cm diameter ± 10% Device positioning system Remote - controlled x - y platform with
laser alignmentDosimetry Method Ion Chamber and Scintillator.
Special access conditions 20 m cable length to Control Area
PROTON facility - 2Source name BL2C-1 from Cyclotron (TeraWatt
Accumulator. Energy Range 65 to 120 MeV (5 to 65 MeV with a
Degrader). Min – Max fluxes Back location: 105 to 1 x 108 (102 possible)
Front location: 2 x 109 max. Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape: Back location: 1 to 7.5 cm diameter ± 5%
Front location: 0.5 to 2 cm diameter ± 10%. Device positioning system: Remote-controlled x - y platform with laser
alignment. Dosimetry Method(s): Ion Chamber and Scintillator. Special access conditions: 20 m cable length to Control Area.
NEUTRON facility - 1Facility type BL2C - 1 from Cyclotron
Neutron Generation Technique / Protons onto Lead absorber Production Method
Energy Range 1/E spectrum to 115 MeV Flux range 103 to 5 x 104 above 10 MeV
Spot size / Uniformity 30 to 150 cm diameter ± 10% Device positioning system Remote-controlled x-y platform with laser
alignment or adjustable platform for large items.
Energy spectrum Available Activation Analysis plus FLUKA simulations
Special access conditions: 20 m cable length to Control Area
NEUTRON facility - 2Facility type: BL1B from Cyclotron
Neutron Generation Technique / Protons onto Lead absorberProduction Method
Energy Range 1 /E spectrum to 500 MeV Flux range 103 to 2 x 104 above 10 MeV
Spot size / Uniformity 20 to 100 cm diameter ± 10% Device positioning system Remote-controlled x - y platform with laser
alignment or adjustable platform for large items.
Energy spectrum Available Activation Analysis plus FLUKA simulations
Special access conditions 20 m cable length to Control Area
NEUTRON facility - 3Facility type BL1A from Cyclotron.
Neutron Generation Technique / Protons onto Aluminum absorber in aProduction Method water moderator
Energy Range Thermal to 400 MeVFlux range 2 x106 to 3x106 above 10 MeV-
Spot size / Uniformity 5 x12 cm ± 10%Device positioning system Movable trolley with positive stop Energy spectrum Available: Activation Analysis plus FLUKA
simulations Special access conditions 6 m cable length to Control Area
http://www.triumf.ca/pif-nif4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BCV6T 2A3 CANADAContactMichael Trinczek e-mail trinczek@triumf.caPhone 1-604-222-7530Contact Ewart Blackmore e-mail ewb@triumf.caPhone 1-604-222-7461
NEUTRON
np+
PROTON
72
The Svedberg LaboratoryUPPSALA UNIVERSITY
PROTON facility - 1Source name PAULA (Proton fAcility in UppsaLA) Source type Cyclotron
Energy Range 0 - 180 MeV Methods to change energy The energy is adjustable with cyclotron
settings and/or degraders Min – Max fluxes Max flux: 1011 - 1012 p / cm2 / s, dep. on
energy. Min flux: single protons per cm2
per second User Flux control Fast user flux control available within a
factor of at least 150. Broader variations may require up to 1 hour to perform
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Variable spot size, from 2 x 2 cm2 to 20 x 20 cm2 (up to 40 x 40 cm2 in development). Better than 10% uniformity, can be improved at the expense of the flux. Beam spots of square and rectangular shapes
Device positioning system Adjustable tables and lasers for alignment Dosimetry Method Dosimetry with calibrated fission counters
and scintillator telescopes Latest Ref. Fac Description See tsl.uu.se ; paper in preparation. Special access conditions No access restrictions. Requests and
planning every 3 months. RP training on site
NEUTRON facility - 1Source Name ANITA (Atmospheric-like Neutrons from
thIck TArget) Facility type Spallation neutron facility, driven by
proton beam from cyclotronNeutron Generation Technique / Tungsten target for neutron production
Production MethodEnergy Range Continuous (“white”) neutron spectrum,
extending from thermal energy to 180 MeV. Only 180-MeV primary proton beam is used at present
Methods to change energy Irradiation options with other primary energies may be developed by request
Flux range Max flux: 106 n / cm2/ s (above 10 MeV) Min flux: 5 n / cm2 / s (above 10 MeV)
User Flux control Fast user flux control available within a factor of at least 150. Broader variations may require up to 1 hour to perform.
Spot size / Uniformity Variable spot size, 1–120 cm. Cicular and square - shaped spots. Better than 5% uniformity.
Dosimetry Method Dosimetry with calibrated fission counters and integration of primary beam current.
Device positioning system Adjustable tables and lasers for alignment Thermal neutrons / Characterized Thermal neutron component is characterized
Energy spectrum Available Time - of - flight techniques with fissionSpectrometry Method counters and proton recoil telescopes.
Difference from nat cosmic ray spec The facility neutron spectrum is similar to the natural cosmic-ray spectrum up to the energy of ∪150 MeV
Special access conditions No restrictions. Requests and planning every 3 months. RP training on site
Latest Ref. Fac Description A.V. Prokofiev et al, 2009 IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop, Quebec, Canada, July 20-24, 2009, pp. 166-173
NEUTRON facility - 2Source Name QMN (Quasi-Monoenergetic Neutrons) Facility type Quasi -momoenergetic neutron facility driven
by proton beam from cyclotronNeutron Generation Technique / 7Li target for neutron production
Production MethodEnergy Range Neutron spectrum is dominated by
high-energy peak with energy controllable between 10 and175 MeV
Methods to change energy The energy of the neutron peak follows the primary proton energy, which is controllable between 13 and 180 MeV
Flux range Max flux: 3 * 105 n / cm2/s (high-energy peak) Min flux: 0.5 n / cm2 / s (high-energy peak)
User Flux control Fast user flux control available within a factor of at least 150. Broader variations may require up to 1 hour to perform
Spot size / Uniformity Variable spot size, 1 – 80 cm. Cicular and square-shaped spots. Better than 5% uniformity
Dosimetry Method Dosimetry with calibrated fission counters and integration of primary beam current
Device positioning system Adjustable tables and lasers for alignment Thermal neutrons / Characterized Thermal neutron component is characterized
Energy spectrum Available Time-of-flight techniques with fissionSpectrometry Method counters and proton recoil telescopes
Difference from nat cosmic ray spec The facility spectra are not aimed to represent the natural cosmic-ray spectrum
Special access conditions No restrictions. Requests and planning every 3 months. RP training on site
Latest Ref. Fac Description A.V. Prokofiev et al, Rad. Prot. Dosim. v. 126, pp. 18-22 (2007)
NEUTRON
n
http://tsl.uu.seBox 533, UppsalaSE-75121 SWEDENContact Alexander Prokofiev e-mail alexander.prokofiev@tsl.uu.sePhone office +46 18 471 38 50, cell +46 70 167 91 88Contact Björn Gålnander e-mail bjorn.galnander@tsl.uu.sePhone office +46 18 471 38 73, cell +46 70 167 93 67
p+
PROTON
LASER
74
HI
Centre de Ressources du CyclotronUNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN
Gamma HEAVY IONS
PROTON facility - 1Source name LIF Source type Isochronous cyclotron
Energy Range 62 MeV primary beam on DUT. down to 14 MeV using plastic degraders
Min – Max fluxes Few p / s cm2 up to 109 p / s cm2
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape 80 mm diameter / 10% Device positioning system Manual or X-Y motor controlled frame
Dosimetry Method Faraday cup + transmission chamber
NEUTRON facility - 1Source name NIF/T2 Facility type Isochronous cyclotron
Neutron Generation Technique / 50 deuterons on thick Be target Production Method
Energy Range Broad spectra mean E at 23 MeV, energy filter for n lower than 1 MeV, max E 50 MeV.
Flux range Up to 7.3 1011 n / s cm2 at 9 cm from the target
Spot size / Uniformity Variable between 4 cm in diameter at 10 cm from the target to 25 cm in diameter at 80 cm / 10%
Dosimetry Method Alanine detectorsDevice positioning system Manual Energy spectrum Available Yes Spectrometry Method Activation foils
NEUTRON facility - 2Source name NIF Facility type Isochronous cyclotron
Neutron Generation Technique / 65 MeV protons on thin Li targetProduction Method
Energy Range Quasi-monoenergetic beams between 20 and 65 MeV (FWHM 2MeV)
Flux range Up to 106 n / s cm2
Spot size / Uniformity 25 mm diameter / 10% Device positioning system Manual
Gamma facility - 1Source name GIF Source type Cobalt - 60
Emitted radiation / energy γ 1,17 and 1,33 MeV Dose rates 1,8 kRad(Si) / h to 80 Rad(Si) / h for normal
irradiation positions and direct field. 15 kRad(Si) / h at the source center
Volume of irradiation chamber Cylindrical room with a radius of 2m Dosimetry Method(s) Alanine dosimeters
Temperature control available None
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name HIF. Source type Isochronous cyclotron
Ion species and energy ranges Parameter: ion /LET [MeV/mg/ cm2] Low energy Cocktail 3.7·MeV/amu (range about40 μmSi) 15 N / 3.3, 20 Ne / 6.4, 40 Ar / 15.9, 84 Kr / 40.4, 124 Xe /67.7 • High energy cocktail 9.3·A MeV (range about 100 μmSi) 13 C/1.1, 22 Ne/3, 40 Ar 10.2, 58 Ni / 20.4, 83 Kr / 32.6 • Alpha 9 MeV – LET = 0.4 MeV/mg /cm2. Other ions / energies / LETs available on spécial request
Incident LET in Si See aboveRange in Si See abov
Min – Max fluxes Few Ions /s cm2 up to 104 Ions / s cm2
User flux control YesSpot size / Uniformity 25 mm diameter / 10%Dosimetry Method PIPS detectors
Beam counting and monitoring system PIPS detectors and parallel plate avalanche counter Test chamber (vacuum, air) vacuum.
Device positioning system X -Y -Theta (± 180°) Micro-beam No
LASER facility - 1Laser type Diode Pumped Solid State Laser Wavelength 1064 nm.
Pulse duration 50ps/single shot mode repetition rate up to 1MHz
Min – Max power 35 pJ Spot size / Uniformity 2,8mm
Device positioning system 3 - axis nanostep stepper motor positioning, resolution 0,1 μm. LabView controlled system
NEUTRON
n
http://www.cyc.ucl.ac.be/Chemin du cyclotron, 2 Louvain la NeuveB-1348 BELIGIUMContactGuy Berger e-mail guy.berger@uclouvain.bePhones +32 10473225 +32 10452183
LASER
p+
PROTON
76
Gamma facility - 1Source type Cobalt - 60
Emitted radiation / energy Photons / 1.17 and 1.33 MeVDose rates 6.2 krad /h to 28 rad/h (dose to air rates).
Volume of irradiation chamber height = 3 m, surface = 7 x 8 m2
Source Geometry Square irradiation areas between 12 x 12 and 240 x 240 cm2
Dosimetry Method Ionization chamber dosimetry Temperature control available NONE, 16-18 ºC, 1ºC.Special access conditions Non - stop irradiation service (24 / 7 access) Radiation Physics Laboratory
UNIVERSITY OF SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA
Ctra DP-7801 km 1, Santiago de CompostelaE-15782 SPAINContact Faustino Gómez e-mail faustino.gomez@usc.esPhone +34 881814102ContactDiego Miguel González e-mail diego.gonza-lez@usc.es
Gamma
APPENDIX
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8079
DEFENSE MICROELECTRONICS ACTIVITY (DMEA)
http://www.dmea.osd.mil/gammatest.html4234 54th Street, Bldg 620 - McClellan AFB, CA-95652 USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Gamma.
Gamma facility - 1Source type Low Dose Irradiator: Co - 60 and Cs - 137
Emitted radiation / energy High Dose Irradiator: gamma rays at 1.33 MeV and 1.17 MeV (Co - 60 sources)
Dose rates High Dose Irradiator: 1 rad(Si)/minute to 36 krad(Si) / minute as of July 2010
Volume of irradiation chamber Both irradiators have 16” (41 cm) wide x 16” (41 cm) high x 40” (102 cm) long exposure chambers; Pb / Al Dose Enhancement Chambers reduce usable target size to approximately 14” (35.5 cm) wide x 14” (35.5 cm) high
Gamma facility - 2Source type High Dose Irradiator: Co - 60
Emitted radiation / energy Low Dose Irradiator: gamma rays at 1.33 MeV and 1.17 MeV (Co - 60 source); gamma rays at 662 keV (Cs -137 source)
Dose rates Low Dose Irradiator: < 10 mrad(Si)/sec to 25 rad(Si)/minute as of July 2010.
Volume of irradiation chamber Both irradiators have 16” (41 cm) wide x 16” (41 cm) high x 40” (102 cm) long exposure chambers; Pb /Al Dose Enhancement Chambers reduce usable target size to approximately 14” (35.5 cm) wide x 14” (35.5 cm) high
FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH (FZ JULICH)
http://www2.fz-juelich.de/iff/e_iff_angebote/Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH / Institute of Solid State Research, Julich, 52425 GERMANY
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Protons.
PROTON facility - 1Source name JULIC of the Cooler Synchrotron COSY at the
Research Center Julich (FZ Julich)Source type Cyclotron Energy Range ~39 MeV in air
Min – Max fluxes 108 – 1010 p / cm2s1
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape ~ 20 cm / ~ 10% Device positioning system ManualSpecial access conditions External facility with special time slots
coordinated by Fraunhofer INT
GSI DARMSTADT (SPS)
http://www.int.fraunhofer.de/index_en.htmlAppelsgarten 2, Euskirchen, 53879 GERMANY
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Heavy Ions.
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name GSI Darmstadt Source type Synchrotron
Ion species and energy ranges All ions from C to U, 50 – 2,000 MeV/ amu Min – Max fluxes Depending on energy and ion
Spot size / Uniformity > 2 mm / Gaussian spot profileBeam counting and monitoring system Dedicated monitor system, originally developed
for medical therapy Test chamber In air
Device positioning system Yes, two stagesLatest Ref. Fac Description External facility coordinated by Fraunhofer INT
HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM MUNCHEN
http://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de/en/iss/medizinphysik/radiationfacilities/index.htmlIngolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764 GERMANY
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Gamma
p+
HI
BROKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY(BNL) - TAMDEM VAN DE GRAAFF ACCELERATOR FACILITY (BNL SEUTF)
http://tvdg10.phy.bnl.gov/Building 901A, Upton, N.Y. 11973-5000 USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Heavy Ions.
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Ion species and energy ranges H to Au
Min – Max fluxes Normal Flux range is 102 to 107 ions / cm² / sec Spot size / Uniformity Variable from 0.2 to 3.0 cm / 88 to 92% Beam counting and The dosimetry is done with detectors with precisemonitoring system: collimators placed upstream from the board
Test chamber Typically, it takes about 5 minutes to pump the Test Chamber from atmosphere to ~ 6.0 x 10-4 Torr
Device positioning system X,Y,Z,tilt and rollSpecial access conditions Site registration and training
BOEING RADIATION EFFECTS LABORATORY (BREL)
http://www.boeing.com/brt/brel/P.O. Box 3999 MS 2T-50, SeattleWA 98124 USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Heavy Ions
CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓNES ENERGÉTICAS, MEDIOAMBIENTALES YTECNOLÓGICAS (CIEMAT)
www.ciemat.esAvda. Complutense, 22, Madrid 28040 SPAIN
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Gamma
CENTRO DE MICROANÁLISIS DE MATERIALES (CMAM) - UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID (UAM)
http://www.cmam.uam.es/C/ Faraday, 3, Madrid, E-28049 SPAIN
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Gamma, X-ray.
CROCKER NUCLEAR LABORATORY (CNL)UCDAVIS, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
http://mnrc.ucdavis.edu/1 Shields Ave. - Davis, CA-95616 USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Protons, Neutrons.
PROTON facility - 1Source type Cyclotron Energy Range Not degraders:1 MeV to 67.5 Me / With
Degraders, 1 MeV to 67.1 MeV Min – Max fluxes Maximum with Degrader: 1 X 1010 p /cm2 - sec
(and anything below that flux) Spot size / Uniformity -Beam shape Max diameter: 7 cm2/Homogeneous within 5%Device positioning system Cross Hair Laser. Locally or remotely
controlled table with a range of 19” and 7” in the vertical and horizontal motion
Special access conditions None
NEUTRON facility - 1Facility type Cyclotron
Neutron Generation Technique / (p,n) reaction on Li or BeProduction Method
Energy Range Maximum: 65 MeVFlux range 1 X 109 n / uA-Strad from protons on thick Be target
/ 3 X 105 n / cm2 - sec for quasi mono - energetic beam produced by protons on a thin Li target
Spot size / Uniformity 2 cm X 2 cm / Better than 5%
NEUTRON facility - 2Facility type UCDavis McClelland Nuclear Radiation
Center TRIGA ReactorNeutron Generation Technique / Fission generated
Production MethodEnergy Range Thermal and Fast neutronsFlux range Flux 1 MeV equiv: 4 1010 n / cm2 - sec
Dose Fast: 50 Gy / hour
HI
HI
XRAY
p+ n
1 4 6
8
9
7
2
3
5
8281
15 p+ e- HI 16 p+
17 nn14 LA
SER
INSTITUT DE PHYSIQUE NUCLÉAIRED'ORSAY - IPN
http://ipnweb.in2p3.fr/15 RUE Georges Clémenceau, Orsay Cedex91406 FRANCE
Irradiation Facilities/ Services:Protons, Electrons, Heavy Ions.
PROTON facility - 1Source type Tandem VdG 15MV. Energy Range 2 - 26 MeV (beam tuning only).
Min – Max fluxes 2 target chamber: low flux chamber < 106, high flux chamber 106 to 109 p / s / cm2
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Low flux : 1.7 x 2.2 cm² cm² / High flux: 5 x 5 mm² - 10%
Device positioning system Low flux: motorized frame (X,Y,θ) + laser/camera for alignment / High flux : motorized vertical- frame supporting 8 Targets
Special access conditions Working schedule provided 1 month in advance,medical certificate, security brochure + instructions and personal dosimeter
ELECTRON facility - 1Source name ALTOSource type Lineac Energies 10 - 50 MeV
Min – Max fluxes 5107 to 51010 e - / cm2 / s Spot size / Uniformity = 20 mm / ~ 10%
Beam counting and monitoring system Faraday cup Wire Profiler and/or Xray paper, beam current transformer
Test chamber AirDevice positioning system Motorized frame Special access conditions Working schedule provided 1 month in advance,
medical certificate, security brochure + instructions and personal dosimeter
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source name TANDEM Source type Tandem VdG 15 MV
Ion species and energy ranges Alpha (40 MeV) to Iodine (250 MeV)Min – Max fluxes 10 – 106 part. / cm².s (105-106 for special
applications, beam tuning charged) Spot size / Uniformity 1.7 x 2.2 cm² / < 10%
Beam counting and monitoring system XY diode Test chamber Vacuum (5' pumping, venting negligible).
Device positioning system Motorized frame + laser/camera for alignment. Micro-beam In preparation (100 μm)
Special access conditions Working schedule provided 1 month in advance,medical certificate, security brochure + instructions and personal dosimeter
VERSNELLER INSTITUUT (KVI)
http://www.rug.nl/kvi/indexZernikelaan 25, Groningen, 9747 AA NETHERLANDS
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Protons.
PROTON facility - 1Source type Cyclotron. Energy Range Primary beam 90, 150, 190 MeV, energy at target
adjustable with degraders. Installation by CNES of a space proton spectrum generation device built by the TRAD company. Set of variable shielding and time sequences are calculated for a given mission profile
Min – Max fluxes Typical fluxes are in the order of 108 to 109 p cm-2s - 1 and fluences up to 1014 p cm-2 can be delivered
Spot size / Uniformity - Beam shape Both circular and rectangular fields are available. The standard irradiation field has a diameter of 70 mm and homogeneity of better than ± 3%. Larger fields (up to 12 to 14 cm) can be realized with homogeneities better than ±10 and 25%, respectively / ± 3 % on standard field.
Device positioning system X, Y table, movement of samples through the beam with a range of 600 mm in the horizontal and 300 mm in the vertical direction, laser positioning system
LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY(LANL) / LOS ALAMOS NEUTRONSCIENCE CENTER (LANSCE)
http://lansce.lanl.gov/USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Neutrons.
NEUTRON facility - 1Facility type Continuous energy
Neutron Generation Technique / Production Method 800 MeV Proton spallation source
Energy Range 1 - 600 MeV neutrons at ICE House / Thermal-100 keV at Lujan Center
Flux range ~ 3E105 n/cm2 for neutrons above 10 MeV Spot size / Uniformity 1”, 2” and 3” presently avaliable. Spot size
depends on collimation which is adjustable /~5%Device positioning system Various support stands availableSpecial access conditions Non-US citizens need approval which takes
about 3 weeks for most countries
IEAV - INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
http://www.ieav.cta.br/ingles/index.phpRod. dos Tamoios, 5,5 SJC/SP -Putim, São José dos Campos, 12.228-001 BRAZIL
THE INSTITUT LAUE-LANGEVIN
http://www.ill.eu/6 rue Jules Horowitz, Grenoble Cedex 938000 FRANCE
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Neutrons.
IMS-UNIVERSITY BORDEAUX
http://www.ims-bordeaux.fr/IMS/pages/accueil.php351 cours de la Libération, Bat A31Talence Cedex33405 FRANCE
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Laser.
LASER facility - 1Laser type Ti:Sapphire oscillatorWavelength 800 - 980nm
Pulse duration 1 ps Min – Max power 10 nJ
Spot size / Uniformity 1.1 μmDevice positioning system Mechanical XYZ stage, resolution 100 nm, range
50 mm / Piezzo XY stage, resolution 10 nm, range 100 μm
LASER facility - 2Laser type Fiber laserWavelength 1,064 nm
Pulse duration 30 ps Min – Max power 100 nJ
Spot size / Uniformity 1.1 μm Device positioning system Mechanical XYZ stage, resolution 100 nm, range
50 mm / Piezzo XY stage, resolution 10 nm, range 100 μm
LASER facility - 3Laser type Regenerative and parametric Ti:Sa amplifier Wavelength 400 - 2,500 nm
Pulse duration 150 fsMin – Max power 10 nJ
Spot size / Uniformity 1.1 μm Device positioning system Mechanical XYZ stage, resolution 100nm, range
50 mm / Piezzo XY stage, resolution 10 nm, range 100 μm
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR LASERS,PLASMA AND RADIATION PHYSICS(INFLPR) - LASER METROLOGY AND STANDARDIZATION LABORATORY
http://www.inflpr.ro/en/node/32Str. Atomistilor, Nr. 409, PO BoxMagurele, BucharestMG-36, 077125 ROMANIA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services:Electrons, X-ray, Laser.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES COUNCIL (STFC)RUTHERFORD APPLETON LABORATORY(RAL)
http://www.stfc.ac.uk/Sites+and+Facilities/3581.aspxHarwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX UNITED KINGDOM
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Neutrons, Laser.
LASER
nXRAY
LASER
10
11
12
13
8483
20 p+ e- HI
18 p+
19 e- HI
21 e- LASER
22 e-
23 n
ELECTRON facility - 1Source type Two VdGs, and one Potential Drop Energies 50 KEV, to 1.6 MEV, 1 KEV to 120 KEV
Min – Max fluxes 1K counts per second per cm2- 10 E - 6 A Spot size / Uniformity Varied using aperatures up to 2” diameter, can
spread beam more with foilBeam counting and monitoring system Silicone particle detectors, Faraday cups,
phosphorsTest chamber 3 vacuum chambers, 2ft diam x 2ft long, 18” bell
jar type, 20”x 20” X 20”Device positioning system Turn table. Special access conditions Per availability
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source type Two VdGs, and one Potential Drop
Ion species and energy ranges All readily available gases, residual gases plus noble; 50 KEV, to 1.6 MEV, 1 KEV to 120 KEV
Min – Max fluxes 1 K counts per second per cm2- 10 E-6 A, Max rate of gases other than H or He depends on multiple factors
Spot size / Uniformity Varied using aperatures up to 2” diameter / Depends on size and focus
Beam counting and monitoring system Silicone particle detectors, Faraday cups, phosphors
Test chamber 3 vacuum chambers, 2ft diam x 2ft long, 18” belljar type, 20”x 20” X20”
Device positioning system Turn tableSpecial access conditions Per availability
NASA-JPL / CALTECH
4800 Oak Grove Drive, , MS 303-200, Pasadena,CA-91109 USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services:Electrons, Gamma, Laser.
ELECTRON facility - 1Source type DynamitronEnergies 0.5 to 2.5 MeV
Min – Max fluxes 1010 to 1012 e/cm2 s Spot size / Uniformity > 20 cm / ± 10%
Test chamber Vacuum or airDevice positioning system Manual
Gamma facility - 1Source type Co 60
Emitted radiation / energy 1.17 and 1.33 MeV gammaDose rates 0.0001 to 600 R / s
Volume of irradiation chamber 6 x 4 mSpecial access conditions Readily accessible for NASA projects or
collaborations, all others by contract
LASER facility - 1Laser type Pulsed near infrared – single photon Wavelength Tunable 700 to 900 nm
Min – Max power Up to 600 mW Spot size / Uniformity > 1 μm
Device positioning system Applied Scientific Instrumentation – MS-2000 XYSpecial access conditions Readily accessible for NASA projects or
collaborations, all others by contract
NAVY CRANE CENTER
USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Electrons, Gamma.
ELECTRON facility - 1Source type LINACEnergies 50 MeV (max)
Min – Max fluxes Dose rate range: 105 to 1012
Spot size / Uniformity Variable, from 1 cm2
Beam counting and monitoring system P - I - N diode, TLD dosimetr Test chamber Air.
Device positioning system X - Y - Z table, 0.1 in resolutionSpecial access conditions Limited access
Gamma facility - 1Source type Co 60
Emitted radiation / energy Gamma, 1.17, 1.3 Mev Dose rates Range: less than 1 rad/sec to greater than
200 rads / secVolume of irradiation chamber 1 ft3
Special access conditions Limited access
NIST CENTER FOR NEUTRON RESEARCH
http://www.ncnr.nist.gov/National Institute of Standards & Technology. Interstate Route 270, Gaithersburg Maryland, MD, USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Neutrons.
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL(MGH) / MASS GENERAL HOSPITAL
30 Fruit ST, Boston, MA-02114 USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Protons.
PROTON facility - 1Source name Francis H. Burr Proton Therapy Center at
Massachusetts General Hospital (FHBPTC)Source type 230 MeV Isosychronous Cyclotron
Energy Range 230 – 100 MeV without degraders /230 – 15 MeV with degraders
Min – Max fluxes 1e2 – 6e11 P + / secSpot size / Uniformity - 1 – 30 cm / 10%
Beam shape Device positioning system ManualSpecial access conditions Weekends only
UNIVERSITY SKOBELTSYN INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS (MSU- SINP)
1(2), Leninskie gory, GSP-1, Moscow119991 RUSSIA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services:Electrons, Heavy Ions.
ELECTRON facility - 1Source type LINACEnergies 1.2 MeV
Min – Max fluxes 0 – 400 μA Spot size / Uniformity Ø65 mm (scanned over 500 x 50 mm2 area) / ± 5%
Test chamber VacuumDevice positioning system 500 x 50 mm2 plate
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source type Kokroft accelerator CG - 500
Ion species and energy ranges 1H, 4 He; up to 500 keV/charge (micrometeorites 0,5 – 10μ, up to 4 km / s)
Min – Max fluxes Up to 1 mA Spot size / Uniformity 1 mm
Beam counting and monitoring system YesTest chamber Vacuum
Device positioning system Goniometer 7 Degrees of freedomMicro-beam Yes, 10 μ
HEAVY IONS facility - 2Source type VdG: EG - 8, AN - 2,500
Ion species and energy ranges 1H, 4 He; 1 - 3 MeV/ charge (EG-8: e -; micrometeorites 0,5 – 10μ, up to 20 km / s)
Min – Max fluxes Up to 10 μA Spot size / Uniformity 1 mm
Beam counting and monitoring system YesTest chamber Vacuum
Device positioning system Goniometer 7 Degrees of freedom
HEAVY IONS facility - 3Source type 120 - cm cyclotron
Ion species and energy ranges 1,2 H,3,4 He; 7,5 MeV/nucleon; 20 keV/µ (4 He - Al)Min – Max fluxes Up to 10 μA
Spot size / Uniformity 3 cmTest chamber Vacuum and airMicro-beam No
NASA/GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER(GSFC) / RADIATION EFFECTS FACILITY(GSFC REF)
http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov/Code 561/4, 8800 Greenbelt RD, GreenbeltMD-20771 USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services:Protons, Gamma, Electrons, Heavy Ions.
PROTON facility - 1Source type Tandem VdG 15 MVEnergy Range All readily available gases, residual gases plus
noble; 50 KEV, to 1.6 MEV, 1 KEV to 120 KEVMin – Max fluxes 1K counts per second per cm2 - 10 E-6 A, Max
rate of gases other than H or He depends on multiple factors
Spot size / Uniformity - Varied using aperatures up to 2” diameter /Beam shape Depends on size and focus
Device positioning system Turn table Special access conditions Per availability
Gamma facility - 1Source type Cobalt - 60
Emitted radiation / energy 1.17 MEV and 1.33 MEVDose rates Approximately 10 mR / sec to 50 R / sec, adjustable
using distance and/or shieldingVolume of irradiation chamber 20 ft x 20 ft x 15 ft
Special access conditions Per availability
85
29
30 n
26
24
25
p+
27
p+
n
31 e- 33 e-
32 LASER
86
RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE(RPI)
http://rpi.edu/http://www.linac.rpi.edu/General_Information.html110 Eighth Street, Troy, New York NY 12180 USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Electrons.
ELECTRON facility - 1Source type Linear accelerator Energies 5 to 25 MeV or 50 to 100 MeV
Min – Max fluxes Variable based on peak power and energy tune Spot size / Uniformity 2” diameter at 24” from port / ~10% – they
provide an image of the spot after dosimetryBeam counting and monitoring system Dose measured in pulses with dosimetry to
calculate the dose per pulseTest chamber Air
Device positioning system A string is used to position in the x direction, and dosimetry films are used to position in the y and z directions
Special access conditions None, but a patch panel to the data acquisition room is available
SERVICIO LASER- UNIVERSIDAD DE SALAMANCA (USAL-LASER)
http://campus.usal.es/~laser/Facultad de Ciencias Físicas (Edificio Trilingue). Plaza de la Merced s/nSalamanca, E-37008 SPAIN
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Laser.
TRAD
17 voie l'Occitane BP 47471Labège cedex31674 FRANCE
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Electrons, Gamma.
ELECTRON facility - 1Source type Linear Accelerator : DOSIMAT project /
(to be operational in 2012)Energies 3 (min 2 ?) - 5 MeV (still under finalization)
Min – Max fluxes A few tens to a few hundred Gy / sSpot size / Uniformity 30 cm diameter (TBC) / 10% TBC
Beam counting and monitoring system Current control (Faraday cup, dosimeters (film,..)
Test chamber Air and vacuum / Temperature controlled sample holder (cryogenic up to 150°C TBC)
Gamma facility - 1Source type Cobalt 200 Ci
Emitted radiation / energy GammaDose rates From 5 rad / h to 1 krad / h
Volume of irradiation chamber Room of 8.5 m *3.5 m* 3 m Special access conditions (to be operational in 2012)
NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER "KURCHATOV INSTITUTE" (NRC)
http://www.kiae.ru/e/engl.htmlAkademika Kurchatova pl., Moscow123182 RUSSIA
NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY (NRL)
4555 Overlook Ave SW Code 6816, Washington DC,20375 USA
PAUL SCHERRER INSTITUT (PSI)
http://pif.web.psi.ch/OBBA/010, Villigen PSI5232 SWITZERLAND
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Protons.
RICKOVER HALL NUCLEONICS LABORATORY, UNITED STATES NAVALACADEMY
U.S. Naval Academy, 121 Blake Road, AnnapolisMD-Maryland USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Neutrons.
NATIONAL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LABORATORY (NSCL),MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY (MSU)
http://www.nscl.msu.edu/USA
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Heavy Ions.
HEAVY IONS facility - 1Source type Coupled K500 and K1200 cyclotro
Ion species and energy ranges H to U, 20 - 200 MeV/amu / < 0.1 to 86 (U@25 MeV/amu)
Min – Max fluxes 00-100,000 cm-2 s-1
Spot size / Uniformity 5 cm x 5 cm / > 85%Beam counting and monitoring system Parallel - Plate Avalanche Counter (PPAC) and
Four - Quadrant Scintillator (FQS)Test chamber Air.
Device positioning system X - Y and azimuthal rotationSpecial access conditions 3 - 6 months advance notice requested
RESEARCH CENTER FOR NUCLEARPHYSICS (RCNP),OSAKA UNIVERSITY
http://www.rcnp.osaka-u.ac.jp/index.html10-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka567-0047 JAPAN
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Protons, Laser.
REACTOR INSTITUTE DELFT
http://www.tnw.tudelft.nl/live/pagina.jsp?id=cd320c39-84fe-4ecc-adf3-113832fa80f2&lang=enMekelweg 15, JB Delft2629 NETHERLANDS
Irradiation Facilities/ Services: Neutrons.
HI28
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