community care

Community CareErlene Love Denia

Gienel Alodia Tatlongmaria

Definition of TermsCommunity

group of people engaged in multifaceted relationships, sharing a common culture, with the capacity to act collectively over a period of time

Community Health Nursing Carefield of nursing that provides health care to a wide variety of populationsHas a philosophy of delivering primary health care

Advocatea nursing role where he/she takes action to achieve a goal on behalf of another

Epidemiologythe study of the cause and distribution of diseases, disability, and death among populations

Global migrationpeople crossing regions, countries, and international boundaries to reside and maintain themselves in new and unfamiliar places

Migrantslaborers who move from one location to another in pursuit of work

Parish nursingan organization whereby a religious or health care system coordinates RNs in providing nursing care to members of a church congregation

Social marketera nurse role involves the use of advertising strategies to promote health or a healthy lifestyle

Telehealth/telecare

use of telecommunication equipment and communication networks for transferring health care information between participants at different locations

Types of Community

Rural villagesWomen’s sheltersGroup homesSchoolsFactoriesUrban neighborhoodsHomeless sheltersCommunity groups

Religious groupsSocial clubsMembers of immigrantsRefugees groups

Frameworks for Delivery of Community Care

Critical Social Theory Framework

-its goal is to liberate people from health-damaging environmental conditions- community care nurse recognizes the need for social change to alter health-damaging conditions

Citizen Ladder of Participation Framework

-identifies different levels of community involvement: informing, consultation, partnership, delegated power and citizen control

Framework for Assessing Citizen Participation

Refer to Table 23 – 1 p. 523

Ecological Approach to health care theory

-assumes that all individual health care decisions are made within a social context

Nursing Roles of Communication

EducatorAdvocateResearcherConsultantDirect care

providerSocial marketerFacilitator

Settings of Community-Based Health Care

Schools

-performed by the school nurse-makes sure that appropriate and comprehensive care is given to school age children

Neighborhood/ Community Centers

-determines health needs and community strengths to offer a wide variety of health promotion and prevention services

Twenty-four-hour Health Lines (Telehealth)

-identified as the future way for the delivery of multidisciplinary community care

Migrant Clinic Health Services

-identifies health needs of the migrant populations-develops programs and disseminates information across the country

Rural Community Health Services

- rural groups are aggregates for which community health nurses provide care- nurse midwives, nurse practitioners, and other advanced practice nurse specialists are some of community nurses who meet this need

Correctional Health Nursing

-provides nursing services to clients in correctional facilities such as: prisons, youth detention centers, and parole divisions

Occupational/ Environmental Health Nursing

-executes the scope of occupational health practices

Public Health Care Services

-could be found in public health clinics -here the nurse is the educator, case manager and the direct care provider who promotes health and prevents illness and different population groups.

Partnerships (settings/ ties)Homeless care

-addresses the health needs of homeless people

Parish nursing- Nurses here do not just

address the spiritual needs– they address the physical and emotional needs of the clients

International Partnerships

- between well-developed countries and countries with underdeveloped health care systems

Nursing Process

AssessmentNursing DiagnosisPlanningImplementationEvaluation

See Box 23-4 on page 530-532

Nursing Diagnosis

OMAHA system- developed to identify physical factors important to community health3 components:

1. problem classification scheme2. intervention scheme3. problem rating scale for outcomes

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