common ocular diseases (world glaucoma day)

12th march 2008

Blindness Impact INDIA Second largest cause of

preventable blindness

Largest cause of

irreversible blindness

By 2010 – 1 CRORE

By 2020 – 2 CRORE

Almost 90% undiagnosed

WHAT IS GLAUCOMA ?

ARE THERE ANY SYMPTOMS

ASYMPTOMATIC Blurred vision Colored halos Partial/peripheral loss Red eyes Nausea and/or vomiting Severe pain in eyes Constant headache

IS GLAUCOMA CURABLE?

DO I HAVE GLAUCOMA?

Regular eye checkup if: You are more than 40yrs You have frequent headaches You have diabetes, hypertension or heart

disease, etc Any family member is having glaucoma

Examination includes: Vision, I.O.P. and Fundoscopy (on every visit) Visual Fields (as per doctor’s advice)

HOW TO TREAT GLAUCOMA

IS FOLLOW-UP REQUIRED

YES Regular follow-up as per requirement

Once started, medications have to be

taken life-long

Never stop/change any medication

without consulting a eye specialist

HOW TO CARE FOR MY EYES?

Find ways to keep stress levels low. Do regular exercise. Do Limited use of tea/coffee Eat good amount of fruits/vegetables. Protect your eyes while at work or play Keep diabetes, B.P., cholesterol, etc under

control Don’t forget to visit your Ophthalmologist.

Without your help, Doctor cannot treat you.

COMMON EYE PROBLEMS

AN OVERVIEW

Refractive Errors

80 Million in this world un-necessarily blind 90% of this occurs in developing world 80% of this blindness is avoidablE

Types of refractive error

Myopia

near sightedness

Hypermetropia

far sightedness

Astigmatism

blurred

* Blurring

* Eye-strain

* Headache * Fatigue

* Squint

* Psychology

* Repeated Eye Infections

Problems with Ref. Problems with Ref. ErrorsErrors

Treatment

PRESBYOPIA

SQUINT

CONGENITAL PTOSIS

CATARACT

TRAUMATIC CATARACT

PEDIATRIC CATARACTHypermature Cataract

INTRAOCULAR LENS

CONJUNCTIVITIS

BLEPHERITIS

CONTACT ECZEMA

Reaction to use of topical medications.

Sub-conjunctival Hemorrhage

CHALAZION

PTERYGIUM

DACRYOCYSTITIS

DCR

CORNEAL ULCER

HERPES

CORNEAL TRANSPLANT

NIGHT BLINDNESS

VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY

RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA

UVEITIS

DIABETESARTHRITIS

TUBERCULOSISAIDS

SYPHILIS

DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

India leads with a current figure of 40.9 million 1.5 million blind, DR is 6th major cause of blindness DR has 22 to 26 per cent incidence in diabetics By 2020, DR will become a pandemic.

TREATMENT DR

VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE

RETINAL VASCULAR DISEASES

DUE TO UNCONTROLLED BLOOD PRESSURE

RETINAL DETACHMENT

AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

• >75 yrs age, aging process• almost irreversible• to delay we should take all types of fruits and vegetables in our diet

THYROID EYE DISEASE

TRAUMA