classification aim: how are living things classified?

CLASSIFICATION

AIM: How are living things classified?

CLASSIFICATION is. . .

The process of grouping things based on their similarities

TAXONOMY is…

THE SCIENCE OF CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE

• NAMING SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY C. LINNAEUS

• THE FIRST PART OF ITS NAME IS ITS GENUSGENUS AND THE SECOND PART IS ITS species species (always in LATIN)(always in LATIN)

GENUSGENUS speciesspeciesIS THE FIRST PART OF A SCIENTIFIC

NAME(first letter is Capitalized)

IS THE SECOND PART OF A SCIENTIFIC

NAME(not

capitalized)

SCIENTIFIC NAMES

•What organism has the scientific name

Canis familiaris?•Hint: Remember that Canis lupus is a wolf.

SCIENTIFIC NAMES

If you guessed a dog, you are right!

Acer rubrum is the scientific name for a Red Maple.

SCIENTIFIC NAMES

Can you guess what kind of organism has the scientific name Acer saccharinum?

SCIENTIFIC NAMES

And the answer is. . .

A sugar maple!

How do scientists organize ALL of the living things

on Earth?

THE SIX KINGDOMS

ARCHAEBACTERIAEUBACTERIAPROTISTSFUNGIPLANTSANIMALS

What’s the difference?

KINGDOM is the largest and most general group.

So then species is…?

SPECIES is the smallest and most specific group.

CLASSIFICATION

All living things are classified into seven major groups:

Kingdom Phylum

Class Order Family

`

Genus Species

How am I going to remember that?

A pneumonic device to remember the levels of classification:

“Kings Play Cards On Fat

Green Stools.”

KINGDOM: ARCHAEBACTERIA

KINGDOM: ARCHAEBACTERIA

• Autotrophic or heterotrophic

• Unicellular (made up of ONE cell)• Prokaryotes(DO NOT have a nucleus)

WHAT IS A PROKARYOTE?

AN ORGANISM

THAT DOES

NOT HAVE A

NUCLEUS

KINGDOM: EUBACTERIA

• “TRUE BACTERIA”

• UNICELLULAR PROKARYOTES

• SOME AUTOTROPHS AND SOME HETEROTROPHS

KINGDOM: PROTISTA

• UNICELLULAR• EUKARYOTES• Live in MOIST

surroundings(ranging from

muddy puddles to ocean waters)

KINGDOM: PROTISTA

• SOME ARE AUTO- AND SOME ARE HETERO- TROPHIC

• SOME FORM CHAINS OR COLONIES• THE “JUNK DRAWER” kingdom

WHAT IS A EUKARYOTE?

A Eukaryote is an organism with a NUCLEUS.

A QUICK QUIZ . . .NAME THE THREE KINGDOMS

THAT CONTAIN ONLY UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS

1. ARCHAEBACTERIA

2. EUBACTERIA

3. PROTIST

QUIZ cont. . . .WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

ARCHAEBACTERIA AND EUBACTERIA?ARCHAEBACTERIA -- live WITHOUT

Oxygen

EUBACTERIA -- needs Oxygen to survive

.

QUIZ cont. . . .WHAT MAKES PROTISTS DIFFERENT FROM BACTERIA?

PROTISTS HAVE A NUCLEUS and BACTERIA DO NOT HAVE A NUCLEUS.

QUIZ cont. . . .

WHAT IS THE TERM FOR A CELL THAT DOES NOT HAVE A NUCLEUS?

Answer:

PROKARYOTE

A quick question . . .

WHAT IS THE TERM FOR A CELL THAT HAS A NUCLEUS?

NOW, ON TO THE LAST THREE KINGDOMS

1. FUNGI2. PLANT3. ANIMAL

KINGDOM: FUNGI

• EUKARYOTIC• MULTICELLULA

R• HETEROTROPHI

C (absorb their

food)

KINGDOM: FUNGI

KINGDOM: PLANT

• MULTICELLULAR

• EUKARYOTIC

• AUTOTROPHIC

KINGDOM: PLANT

KINGDOM: PLANT

KINGDOM: PLANT

KINGDOM: ANIMAL

•Multicellular

•Heterotrophic

•Eukaryotes

KINGDOM: ANIMAL

KINGDOM: ANIMALINVERTEBRATES

KINGDOM: ANIMAL

KINGDOM: ANIMAL

KINGDOM: ANIMAL

KINGDOM: ANIMAL

KINGDOM: ANIMAL

Now let’s do a little bit of review!

Question

WHAT IS THE NUMBER OF KINGDOMS INTO WHICH ALL ORGANISMS ARE GROUPED?

A) 2B) 3C) 6D) 8

Answer

Six Kingdoms?

1 -- Archaebacteria2 -- Eubacteria3 -- Protista4 -- Fungi5 -- Plant6 -- Animal

Question on the test!

NAME THE TWO KINGDOMS THAT CONTAIN ONLY HETEROTROPHS.

AnswerONLY HETEROTROPHS ARE

FOUND IN THE KINGDOMS:

FUNGIANIMAL

Review Question

WHICH KINGDOMS CONTAIN

ONLY UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS?

Answers1.ARCHAEBACTERIA

2. EUBACTERIA

3. PROTISTA