characteristics of life. is sammy alive? 1.living things are made of units called cells unicellular...

CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFEOF LIFE

Is Sammy Alive?Is Sammy Alive?

1.1. Living things are MADE OF Living things are MADE OF UNITS CALLED CELLSUNITS CALLED CELLS

Unicellular – single Unicellular – single cellcell

(bacteria, yeast)(bacteria, yeast)

Multicellular – many Multicellular – many cells (plants, animals)cells (plants, animals)

2.2. Living things REPRODUCELiving things REPRODUCE

SEXUAL – two cells SEXUAL – two cells from different parents from different parents unite to produce the unite to produce the first cell of a new first cell of a new organismorganism

( humans, plants, ( humans, plants, mammals)mammals)

ASEXUAL – single ASEXUAL – single parent reproduces by parent reproduces by itself (hydra, bacteria, itself (hydra, bacteria, yeast)yeast)

3. Living things are BASED ON A 3. Living things are BASED ON A GENETIC CODEGENETIC CODE

Inherit traits from Inherit traits from parentsparents

Carried by DNACarried by DNA

4. Living things GROW AND 4. Living things GROW AND DEVELOPDEVELOP

LifespanLifespan Birth to deathBirth to death

5. Living things obtain and use 5. Living things obtain and use ENERGY (food, diet)ENERGY (food, diet)

ANABOLISMANABOLISM – chemical reaction – chemical reaction ““building” small parts into building” small parts into large parts (PHOTOSYNTHESIS)large parts (PHOTOSYNTHESIS)

CATABOLISMCATABOLISM – chemical reaction “breaking – chemical reaction “breaking down” down”

large parts into small parts large parts into small parts (DIGESTION)(DIGESTION)

ENERGY continued…ENERGY continued…

METABOLISM – METABOLISM – combination of combination of building and breaking building and breaking down fooddown food

6. Living things respond to their 6. Living things respond to their ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

Adaptations thru natural Adaptations thru natural selectionselection

IRRITABILITYIRRITABILITY – – ability to react to a ability to react to a stimulusstimulus

(light, temperature, (light, temperature, moisture)moisture)

7. Living things maintain an 7. Living things maintain an internal BALANCEinternal BALANCE

HOMEOSTASISHOMEOSTASIS – – stable conditionstable condition

(migration, fever, (migration, fever, shivering)shivering)

8. Living things EVOLVE8. Living things EVOLVE

Organisms change over Organisms change over time in order to adapt to time in order to adapt to their environmenttheir environment

Which Characteristic?Which Characteristic?Living things……Living things……

1.1. Are made of cellsAre made of cells

2.2. ReproduceReproduce

3.3. Genetic CodeGenetic Code

4.4. Grow and DevelopGrow and Develop

5.5. Obtain and Use EnergyObtain and Use Energy

6.6. Respond to their EnvironmentRespond to their Environment

7.7. Maintain an Internal Balance (homeostasis)Maintain an Internal Balance (homeostasis)

8.8. Evolve Evolve

Polar BearPolar BearUrsus maritimusUrsus maritimus

Cell structure: Multicellular: fur, claws, sharp Cell structure: Multicellular: fur, claws, sharp teethteeth

Reproduction: slowest reproduction of all Reproduction: slowest reproduction of all mammals; 2 cubs/litter; 5 litters in a lifetimemammals; 2 cubs/litter; 5 litters in a lifetime

Diet: seals, and sometimes ravens, arctic foxesDiet: seals, and sometimes ravens, arctic foxes Lifespan: 15-18 years . Growth: 2.5-3 meters Lifespan: 15-18 years . Growth: 2.5-3 meters

tall (8-10ft.); 250-770 kg (550-1,700 lbs.)tall (8-10ft.); 250-770 kg (550-1,700 lbs.) Adaptations to cold: 2 layers of fur, layer of Adaptations to cold: 2 layers of fur, layer of

blubber, black skinblubber, black skin