chapter 10 researching your presentation. your research plan successful speeches require supporting...
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Your research plan
• Successful speeches require supporting information.
• That requires research!• Where do you start?
– Library– Internet– Expert
Library
• Card catalog– Online or paper-based– Three kinds of cards
• Author card• Title card• Subject card
Library
• Information in books– Table of contents
• Outlines the book for you.
– Index• Tells you exactly where to find
the information in the book.
Library
• Periodicals– Journals, magazines,
newspapers– Ask librarian to help you
find a database.– Articles are a good source.– Make sure they are
reputable periodicals.
Library
• Almanacs– A lot of random information.
• Atlases– Maps and graphic
information.– Use for visual presentation.
• Biographies• Encyclopedias• Quotation collections
Internet
• Googling your subject is a good way to start.
• Remember anyone can publish anything on the Internet.– Make sure you go to a
reputable site.• Cnn.com, Chron.com,
NYTimes.com
Expert
• Can save time.• Give you more refined
information.• Can suggest the best
sources.• Can give you great
quotes.
What to do with your research• Take notes
– Record more than you think is necessary.
• It is much harder to go back and get more info.
– Organize them into specific categories.
– Write on note cards.– Make sure to note where
you go the information.
What to do with your research• Quoting material
– Plagiarism• Copying or imitation the
language, ideas or thoughts of another and passing them off as your original work.
– Paraphrasing• Rewording an original passage
– Still have to attribute the information to the person or place you got the information.
Attribution
• Tell where you got your information.– According to the Web site
Cnn.com…– Author James Patterson
said…
• THIS IS A MUST OR IT IS CONSIDERED PLAGARISM!!!!!
The Introduction
• This how you start your speech.
• Does four things– Gets the audience’s attention.– Provides a clear link from your
attention-getter to your speech topic.
– Gives your specific thesis statement.
– Presents a preview of the major areas that will be discussed.
The Introduction
• DO NOT start your speech by saying. “Hi. I’m going to tell you about…”
• You DO start your speech with an attention getter.– The first words out of your
mouth grab the audiences attention.
– There are 5 of them…you only use one.
The Introduction – attention getters• Asking question
– Best and easiest to use– “How many of you know
who Theodore Geisel is?”
• Making a reference– Refer to specific people in
the audience, your physical surroundings, etc…
– “I think this classroom needs a little something. Don’t you. Why don’t we try to liven it up a little.”
The Introduction – attention getters• Make a startling statement
– Jolts your audience into paying attention.
– “You have brains in your head. You have feet in your shoes. You can steer yourselfany direction you choose.You're on your own. And you know what you know. And YOU are the guy who'll decide where to go.”
The Introduction – attention getters• Giving a quotation
– When you repeat the exact words someone else said, it gives you creditability.
– Dr. Seuss once said, “I like nonsense, it wakes up the brain cells. Fantasy is a necessary ingredient in living, It's a way of looking at life through the wrong end of a telescope. Which is what I do, And that enables you to laugh at life's realities.”
The Introduction – attention getters• Telling a story
– A narrative or anecdote. – “I don’t think there has ever
been a Christmas when I haven’t stopped what I was doing to watch “How the Grinch Stole Christmas.” That is my favorite movie, and although the new one with Jim Carrey is good, there will never be one like the original.”
The Introduction
• Thesis statement– Tells the audience exactly
what you will be speaking about. It clarifies the overall goal of the speech.
– “Today, I will inform you about…”
– “My goal is to explain…”– I would like to share with
you…”
The Introduction
• Preview Statement– One sentence at the end of
the introduction that gives the audience an overview of the subtopics you will be discussing in the body of the speech.
– “Dr. Seuss is a brilliant man because of his political views, his writing and his art.”
The Body
• It is written in an outline form.– An outline is the speaker’s
road map.
• You do not write everything you are saying in your speech.
• You don’t write in complete sentences.
The Body (outline)
• Has at least three subtopics with supporting material and details.
I. Subtopic #1A. Supporting material
1. Details
The Body (outline)
• Subtopics– Match the items listed in your
preview statement.– “Dr. Seuss is a brilliant man because of his
political views, his writing and his art.”
– Most important things you will be taking about.
– Shown with Roman numerals
I. Political viewsII. His writingIII. His art
The Body (outline)
• Supporting material– Information you have
gathered to reinforce the subtopics.
– Shown with uppercase alphabet
I. His political viewsA. Political cartoonistB. His books
The Body )outline)• Details
– Provide information that breaks down the subtopic even more
– One step deeper into the information.
I. His political viewsA. Political cartoonist
1. Called attention to the early days of the Holocaust
2. Denounced discrimination of Jews and African Americans.
B. His books1. “The Sneeches” was a book about
racial equality.2. “The Lorax” was about
environmentalism and anti-consumerism.
The Conclusion
• The way to signify the speech is finished.– Restate your preview
statement. Remind the audience of your subtopics.
– Summarize – repeat your thesis
– Leave a lasting impression. This should relate back to your attention getter.
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