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CENTW
LEHI
W
Depa
TRAL CAWASTEW
IGHTON,
WASTEWA
Marcartment of En
Ra400 M
ARBON WATER T
CARBON
NPDES
ATER TR
APRIL
Pre
c Neville | Wnvironmentaachel CarsonMarket Stree
P: 7mnev
MUNICTREATMN COUNT
# PA006
REATMEN
L - MAY 201
epared by:
Water Prograal Protection n State Officet, Harrisbur17.772.4019ville@pa.gov
IPAL AUMENT FATY, PENN
3711
NT EVALU
17
am Specialis– Bureau of
ce Building rg, PA 17109 v
UTHORITACILITY NSYLVAN
UATION
t f Clean Wate
01
TY
IA
er
Central Ca
PA Dept. of
ExecutiFor six wEvaluatiofacility loCounty, Pa denitrifprogram removal watershethe time wexcursionaid in opt At this famost nonalkalinityKruger Presulting could notcontrolledeffluent n
Graph 1: cycle in the Followingcontract change fmuch fur
arbon Municipa
Environmental P
ve Summaweeks from laon (WTE) at cated along Pennsylvanification phaswhereby it w(BNR) would
ed and to thewas operatinns for total stimizing BNR
cility, nitraten-BNR plants. This was l
Process timinin a 34% dr
t be easily cd the anoxicnitrate-nitrog
Effluent nitratee Kruger Proce
g completionvendor, Veo
from manualrther. DEP b
l Authority
Protection
ary: ate April throthe Central the west baa. The purp
se into the fawas expected enhance the Delaware Bng in compli
suspended sR operations
e-nitrogen cos, at less thaikely due to
ng cycles werop in nitratehanged to a
c mixers. Afgen by 80% w
-nitrogen concess SCADA pro
n of the field olia, to make anoxic mixi
believes that
ough May, 2Carbon Mun
ank of the Lepose of the Wacility’s supeed by the owhe effluent wBay to whichance with its
solids. EPA s at this facil
oncentrationsan ten milligrthe long set
ere adjusted e concentratiactivate autofter making twhile mainta
centration effecogramming. No
data collecte the anoxic ing to automt this was du
Page 1
017, DEP stnicipal Authoehigh River nWTE was to ervisory contwners and opwater qualityh the river uls existing NPstaff requesity.
s were alrearams per litettling intervato include aon. Becausmatic anoxicthese two adaining virtual
tively dropped o supplementa
tion, the SCAmixing autom
matic anoxic ue to lack of
taff conducteority’s (CCMnear the Bormonitor androl and data
perators thaty, resulting inltimately flowPDES Permsted use of th
ady modest ier, despite thal for clarificaand anoxic cse proprietarc mixing, thedjustments, lly complete
by 80% as a real alkalinity was
ADA programmatic. The mixing did nsupplement
Wastewater T
ed a WastewMA) wastewarough of Lehd optimize tha acquisition t improved bn improvemews. The treait limits, althhe DEP’s ins
in comparisohe absence ation. Duringcycle for denry SCADA pe operator nethe facility re nitrification.
esult of enactins added at the t
mming was operator rep
not reduce ntal alkalinity,
Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
water Treatmater treatmenhighton in Cahe integratio(SCADA)
biological nutents to the atment facilithough it had strumentatio
on to those oof supplemeg the WTE, itrification, rogrammingext manuallyeduced its .
ng a denitrificattime.
modified by ported that thitrate-nitroge, which woul
luation
n Water
ment nt arbon n of
trient
ty at past
on to
of ental the
g y
tion
its he en ld
Central Ca
PA Dept. of
have beeconcentr
Graph 2: Mnitrificationlime, carbo There maprocess; during thalkalinity In additiodigester denitrify dincorporaoutlays th
Recomm Consult w
1. Rdd
2. Apofe
3. If atyst
arbon Municipa
Environmental P
en necessaryration range
MLSS pH did n is producing m
onate, bicarbon
ay have beehowever, due limited timand pH are
on to evaluatblower. Stadecanted suating an anohat were not
mendation
with your facReprogram th
enitrificationigesters.
Add supplemossibly greaf 61% magnvaluation.
f after the alkdding supple
ypically recoteady supply
l Authority
Protection
y to bring mof 7.5 s.u. to
ot rise into the more acid bypronate, caustic so
en additionalue to the siz
me of the WT the limiting
ting the Krugaff attemptedupernatant, boxic phase int available a
ns:
cility engineehe SCADA cn phase and
ental alkalinater than 150nesium hydro
kalinity issueemental carbmmend usiny of food pro
ixed liquor po 8.0 s.u. ne
7.9-8.0 s.u. raoduct than canoda, or magnes
need for suze of the faciTE, this could
factors in op
ger process,d to employ ibut the proprnto the digest that time.
er to: controls to peto allow for
nity to the pro0 mg/L as Caoxide (Magn
e is resolvedbon at the ong wood alcoocessing was
Page 2
pH up from aeeded for opt
ange required fon be neutralizedsium hydroxide
upplemental lity and the d not be evaptimizing the
, DEP lent a ntermittent arietary SCADsters would h
ermit use of an adjustab
ocess to maaCO3. Alter
nesia) were d
d and denitrifuter ditches ohol (methanste as a che
an average 6timal denitrif
or optimal denid without supple.
carbon to drcosts of obta
aluated. DEPe denitrificati
motor timeraeration at tDA softwarehave incurre
f existing subble anoxic tre
aintain sufficirnatives to limdiscussed, b
fication doesduring anox
nol,) but it meaper substit
Wastewater T
6.7 s.u. to thfication.
itrification. Thilemental alkalin
rive the denaining supplP staff believion process.
r for use withhe digester
e would not aed additional
bsurface mixeatment peri
ient mixed lime addition,but not priced
s not improvxic periods.
may be possitute.
Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
he ideal
s is evidence tnity in the form
itrification lemental carves that .
h the aerobicto further
allow its use monetary
xers during tod for the
quor alkalini such as thed, during the
ve then consEngineers
ible to secur
luation
n Water
hat
m of
rbon
c
, and
the
ity, e use e
sider
re a
Central Carbon Municipal Authority Wastewater Treatment Evaluation
PA Dept. of Environmental Protection Page 3 Bureau of Clean Water
4. Continue to explore energy efficiency opportunities throughout the facility. A significant energy saving project was identified, about $6k/year, which could provide a funding stream for alkalinity chemicals.
Wastewater Treatment Evaluation: DEP’s Wastewater Technical Assistance Program (WWTAP) offers a wastewater treatment evaluation (WTE) that comprises round-the-clock monitoring of key treatment parameters with laboratory and practical experiences in order to optimize effluent quality, often above permit requirements, by making process changes that do not typically involve capital projects. The WTE may be thought of as a custom-tailored trouble-shooting and comprehensive site inspection that aims to solve common wastewater treatment problems through interaction with licensed wastewater treatment operators. DEP operates this program as part of a federal grant to reduce nutrient pollution in waters of the United States. The CCMA facility is permitted for up to 1.6 MGD annual average flow with an organic capacity of 2,936 lb/day as BOD5. Treatment includes a Kruger Process triple oxidation ditch that provides secondary activated sludge treatment with clarification and includes a main pumping station, fine-screening and grit-removal headworks, ultraviolet (UV) disinfection, and effluent freshening operated under NPDES Permit # PA0063711. The facility presently monitors and reports nutrients, including nitrite-nitrate, ammonia nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and total phosphorus. Since 2014, the facility also monitors its effluent on a quarterly basis for copper, zinc, aluminum, iron, and manganese. Solids management processes include sludge thickening, aerobic digestion, decanting, and disposal to 38,400 s.f. of reed beds or alternative disposal to the Hazleton Sewer Authority Solids Management Program. Chemical addition includes provision for Lime addition as process alkalinity enhancement, but it is not presently used. In the past, polymer flocculants have been used to assist in sludge settling. The evaluation took place without the use of Kruger Process programming for a denitrification phase, whereby subsurface anoxic mixing would occur. Instead, the facility operator extended the idle time for the aeration brush rotors while continuing to provide raw wastewater as a carbon source. The resultant reduction in effluent nitrate was effective, considering this modified intermittent “ON/OFF” aeration approach. Lime addition was not provided. Following this evaluation, the facility operator has also considered employing intermittent aeration at the aerobic digesters; however, the SCADA programming would not permit the use of analog timing devices to control aeration there. Equipment was deployed on April 20, 2017, following initial consultation with US EPA Outreach Staff and with the Superintendent of the CCMA facility. CCMA had recently become interested in an un-used feature of the Kruger Process oxidation ditches’ SCADA program that would optimize effluent quality. The illustration below shows the triple-ditch phasing sequences for BNR at this facility. Prior to this WTE, the facility had no overriding concerns to add denitrification to its treatment, although the NPDES permit renewal in 2014 began requiring “monitor and report” values for nutrients, without actual loading limits. The phasing diagram shows denitrification in dark blue, nitrification in cyan, and clarification in white:
Central Ca
PA Dept. of
SuspendBiochemnitrate-niultravioleAttachmethence toremote, fchecking During thfacility wadetectabconcentrtypically already psystem; hCCMA whowevermanagedmixed liqfollowed At the en
Ere
T A
to
arbon Municipa
Environmental P
ded Solids (Tical Oxygentrogen and a
et (UV) disinfent B. Probeo two datalogfor DEP’s dag and calibra
he first two was already ole at 0.010 m
rations were in the 6.6 to
pH-deficient however, the
was equipped, it has neved may encouquor inhibits
by incomple
nd of this proEffluent Totalesults below
o June 2o Marcho June 2
This translateAn energy sao $6k/year co
l Authority
Protection
TSS.) A pro Demand (Bammonia-nitfection systees were congging systemata acquisitioating the in-li
weeks of the operating wemg/L and nitbetween 0 a 6.8 SU rangat the head
e amount is d with a limeer been usedunter periodsbiomass gro
ete nitrificatio
oject: l Nitrogen (T
w compare va2016 – 8.65h 2017 – 8.92017 – 1.82
ed to a 79% aving potentiould provide
obe for TotalBOD5,) was itrogen were em. A schemnnected to ams, one locaon and evalune probes.
project, bacell within its ptrate-nitrogeand 40 mg/Lge. Nitrificaof the plantinsufficient t
e silo and ded. It should bs of reducedowth and repon.
TN) concentralues for sim mg/l TN
98 mg/l TN mg/l TN reduction inal was ident
e funding for
Page 4
Organic Canstalled at thinstalled int
matic for prosupervisory
al for the benuation. Labo
ckground dapermit limits,n varying be
L routinely, wation acidifie. Denitrificato recover a
elivery systembe noted he
d performancproduction, r
ration was remilar and coo
nitrate-nitrotified with ther alkalinity ch
DptnadttsppOPO
arbon (TOC,he raw influeto a wet wellobe placemey controller nnefit of facilitoratory equip
ata was reco, with ammoetween 4.0 awith the pH oes water, andation will retull that lost tom for managre that facilitce during whresulting in lo
educed by ool weather tr
ogen loadinge aerobic dighemicals.
Wastewater T
DEP placedprobes into dthree, while no. 2 operatas an oxic zditches to eithrough phathe decantinsecondary eprobes inclupH/TemperaOxidation/RePotential (OOxygen (DO) calibrated ent splitter, al immediatel
ent is providenetwork (not ty staff, and pment was a
rded by the onia-nitrogenand 6.0 mg/Lof the treatmd the raw waurn some alk
o complete nging processties where ahich increasioss of denitr
over 75%. Qreatment con
g to the Lehiggesters, whe
Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
eight in-lineditches one the central D
tes continuoone and thether side cy
ases leading ng of clarifiedeffluent. Theuded: ature, eduction RP,) Dissolv
O,) and Totalagainst 5-daand probes fy preceding
ed as SCADA) anthe other
also deploye
probes. Then barely L. Alkalinity
ment tanks astewater is kalinity to th
nitrification. s alkalinity; alkalinity is ning acidity ofrification,
Quarterly testnditions:
gh River. ere savings
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Ditch usly
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Central Carbon Municipal Authority Wastewater Treatment Evaluation
PA Dept. of Environmental Protection Page A-1 Bureau of Clean Water
ATTACHMENT A: PROJECT TEAM --for the Central Carbon Municipal Authority --for PA DEP Michael Takerer, Superintendent CCMA Wastewater Treatment Facility 1000 Lehigh Drive Lehighton, PA 18235-2239 tel. 570-778-3093 eml. ccmawwtp@verizon.net
Marc Neville, WPS Bureau of Clean Water Wastewater Technical Assistance Program POB 8774 Harrisburg, PA 17105 tel. 717-772-4019 eml. mneville@pa.gov
--for US EPA Region III Walter Higgins EPA Region III Water Protection Division Office of Infrastructure and Assistance (3WP50) 1650 Arch Street Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029 tel. 215-814-5476 eml. higgins.walter@epa.gov
Britney Vazquez EPA Region III Water Protection Division Office of Infrastructure and Assistance (3WP50) 1650 Arch Street Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029 tel. 215-814-5476 eml. vazquez.britney@epa.gov
Central Ca
PA Dept. of
Figure 1
arbon Municipa
Environmental P
ATTACHM
: Process D
l Authority
Protection
MENT B: P
Diagram of C
P
PROCESS
CCMA includ
Page B-1
SCHEMAT
ding WTE se
TIC & PROB
ensor locatio
Wastewater T
BE PLACE
on.
Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
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luation
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Central Ca
PA Dept. of
Figure 2
arbon Municipa
Environmental P
: Plan and
l Authority
Protection
Profile views
P
s of the Oxid
Page B-2
dation Ditch..
Wastewater TTreatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
luation
n Water
Central Ca
PA Dept. of
Graph 1: NH3‐N cou
Graph 2:
arbon Municipa
Environmental P
A
NO3‐N conceuld be consid
NO3‐N conce
l Authority
Protection
ATTACHME
entrations priered to be fu
entrations aft
P
ENT C: PA
or to activatioully oxidized.
ter activation
Page C-1
ARAMETER
on of anoxic c
n of anoxic cyc
R / TIME G
cycle were in
cle dropped t
Wastewater T
GRAPHS
the 4 to 6 m
to between 0
Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
g/L range, wh
0.3 and 1.8 mg
luation
n Water
hile
g/L.
Central Ca
PA Dept. of
Graph 3:
Graph 4:
arbon Municipa
Environmental P
Oxidation Re
Oxidation Re
l Authority
Protection
eduction Pote
eduction Pote
P
ential prior to
ential after ac
Page C-2
o activation of
ctivation of an
f anoxic cycle
noxic cycle.
Wastewater T
e.
Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
luation
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Central Ca
PA Dept. of
Graph 5implemeWhen theoccurred
Graph 6that is carepresengenerallycontribut
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Environmental P
: Nitrate-nitnted, but thee operators .
: Raw wastealibrated agant periods duy conform toion.
l Authority
Protection
rogen concee SCADA practivated the
ewater influeainst 5-day Buring which t those expe
P
entration in eogram did ne anoxic mix
ent was meaBiochemical he aerobic dcted of dom
Page C-3
effluent wateot have cod
xers manual
asured with aOxygen Dem
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er dropped aing to energly, greater re
a Total Orgamand (BOD5
ere decantedwater, with li
Wastewater T
as the anoxicgize the anoxeductions in
anic Carbon5). The spid. The valueittle industria
Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
c cycle was xic mixers.
n nitrate-nitro
(TOC) probikes in this ges for BOD5
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be graph
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Central Ca
PA Dept. of
Photo 1:
Photo 3: S
Photo 5: D
arbon Municipa
Environmental P
TOC probe at
Sensors in on
Data collection
l Authority
Protection
ATTACHM
t Influent Spli
e of two oute
station
P
MENT D: R
itter
er ditches
Page D-1
RECORD P
Photwell
Phot
Photo
PHOTOGR
to 2: Nutrient
to 4: Ditch se
o 6: Brush rep
Wastewater T
RAPHS
t probes at D
ettling (clarific
lacement in Ap
Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
isinfection w
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pril 2017
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Central Carbon Municipal Authority Wastewater Treatment Evaluation
PA Dept. of Environmental Protection Page E-1 Bureau of Clean Water
ATTACHMENT E: OBSERVATIONS & FIELD NOTES In-line Probe Records
1. Aerators in the ditches are automatically controlled by DO set points (1.5-3.5 ppm) 2. The NO3-N concentration dropped approximately 75% when the plant was in BNR
mode. Further reduction should be possible if the alkalinity concentration is improved. 3. pH increased slightly (+0.3) in each ditch due to additional denitrification during the
manually-controlled anoxic mixing period; however, the mixed liquor is generally deficient in alkalinity
4. Oxidation/Reduction Potential observations: a. Nitrification occurs in aerobic conditions above +150 mV, after most carbon
waste has been oxidized. Denitrification occurs in anoxic conditions between +150 and -150 mv. Below -150 mV, septicity and anaerobic conditions produce incomplete by-products such as alcohols, organic acids, ketones, and esters. Sulfate is reduced to hydrogen sulfide gas.
b. Prior to implementation of the anoxic treatment cycle, Ditch #1 ranged between 0 to +200 mV and Ditch #3 ranged between -50 to +150 mV for the first two weeks.
c. During anoxic mixing, Ditch #1 ranged between -100 to +150 mV and Ditch #3 ranged between -200 to +100 mV for the remainder of the study.
Digester and Sludge Thickening
EPA staff suggested cycling the digester blowers intermittently in an attempt to remove TN, increase pH, and improve settleability. DEP and facility staff installed a timer to cycle the blower, but when the blower was timed off an alarm was triggered in the SCADA. Facility staff will have the SCADA contractor add a timed anoxic cycle to the SCADA programming instead of using a mechanical timer, so that energy savings may be optimized.
Conclusions The plant appears to be capable of consistently producing effluent to meet the potential 10 mg/l limit of TN (especially if the mixers are activated). Timing digester blowers may save approximately $6k/yr.
50 HP brush rotor motor x 50% load x 0.746 kW/HP x $0.07/kWh x 12 hr/day x 365 day/yr = $5,718/yr
Analysis of lab data: Microscopy:
During the week of May 15 there was a decrease in settleability and increase in what we assume to be low F:M filaments in one of the outer ditches. In response, facility staff changed the phase schedule of the ditches. This changes the organic and hydraulic loading schedule in an attempt to evenly distribute the loading between the two outer ditches in order to maintain a steady state for the biomass. If the programming can be changed to have an odd number of phases per day instead of the present even number of phases per day, there may not be a need to flip the ditches as often.
Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) Test:
CCMA operates a fully competent process monitoring laboratory with dedicated laboratory staff. DEP finds that the process monitoring is adequate for operation of the facility, but DEP staff recommended that the laboratory routine be supplemented by
Central Ca
PA Dept. of
athOlelotothm F
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Environmental P
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OUR test andeast once or oads or influeoxins that inhhat may lead
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Page E-2
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Treatment Eval
Bureau of Clean
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