cells and their organelles

Cells and their Organelles

Two Types of Cell

Prokaryote Eukaryote

• No membrane bound organelles

• Flagellum

• Gel-capsule on outside

•bacteria

• Has membrane bound organelles

• DNA is contained in nucleus

• All plant and animal cells

Two types of Eukaryotic Cell

Animal Plant

Cytoplasm

Cytoskeleton

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Bodies

1. Large Central Vacuole

2. Chloroplasts

3. Cell Wall

Animal Cell Diagrams

Plant Cell Diagrams

Cell Membrane

Outer covering of the cell

Cell Wall

Rigid outer covering of a plant cell that protects the cell and gives it shape

Cytoplasm

Gel-like substance that the organelles float around in

Contains the cytoskeleton which gives structure to the cell

Nucleus• Command and control center of the cell

• Contains the DNA

• Surrounded by the Nuclear membrane

Nucleolus

Is inside the nucleusRibosome's are made here

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cellMakes ATP which gives the cell energy

Chloroplasts

Contain chlorophyll the green pigment that makes photosynthesis possible

Makes glucose = sugar = plant food

Ribosome

Makes RNA chains which then make proteins

Can be free floating or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

They look like dots in the cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum

AKA the ERCan be smooth or rough

Rough has ribosomes attached to itMakes and transports proteins

Golgi Bodies or Apparatus

Sort and package proteins and other substances to deliver to the rest of the cell or outside the cell

The “packages” that move the materials are called vesicles

Vacuole

Hold food and water for the cellPlant cells have a large central vacuole Animal cells have small vacuoles

Cell Misconceptions

The larger the organism doesn’t = larger cells

All the cells in your body have the EXACT same organelles, they just look different!

Different cells in the body