by omar y. tahboub multimedia and networking lab medianet computer science department kent state...
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By Omar Y. Tahboub
Multimedia and Networking Lab MediaNetComputer Science Department
Kent State University
Omar Y. Tahboub Department of Computer ScienceKent State UniversityKent, Ohio 44242 Office: (330)-672-7825Email: otahboub@cs.kent.eduURL: http://www.cs.kent.edu/~otahboub
Education
Ph.D. in Computer Science, Kent State University, 2010(expected)
M.S. in Computer Science, University of Jordan, 2004
B.S. in Computer Science, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 2002
Research Interests
Scheduling-based Routing in Predictable Intermittent Networks
Scheduling-based Routing in Disruptive/Delay Tolerant Networks
Internet2 Network Backbone Architectural Design
Internet2 Network Protocol Architectural Design
Dynamic Circuit Networking at MPLS Protocol (DCN@MPLS)
Design of Multi-Party Communication Architectures for Enterprise Space Explorations
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”
Part 2: Introduction to Operating Systems
Summary
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”◦ Reference Model◦ Architectural Model◦ Networking and Internet Evolution
Part 2: Operating Systems◦ Operating System (OS)◦ The Functions of OS◦ The Organization of OS◦ Types of OS ◦ Design Issues of OS
Summary
In this talk, we aim to achieve two main goals:1. Presentation of the “Big Picture” of modern
information systems.
2. Answer some interesting questions related to operating systems:
What are they? How they work? In what types they come? How do they evolve?
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”◦ Components◦ Architecture◦ Interconnectivity
Part 2: Operating Systems
Summary
Information Systems (ISs) have become a central element in modern organizations.
Generally, ISs are studied in in terms of their:◦ Components◦ Architecture ◦ Interconnectivity
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”◦ Reference Model◦ Architectural Model◦ Network and Internet Evolution
Part 2: Operating Systems
Summary
People Procedures Software Data
Hardware
Mouse
KeyboardTower
Monitor
Microcomputer
MinicomputerSupercomputer
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”◦ Reference Model◦ Architectural Model◦ Networking and Internet Evolution
Part 2: Operating Systems
Summary
Modern ISs incorporate various types of computers scaling from handheld gadgets to supercomputers.
The software component represents a central component in modern ISs.
Further, system software (OS) forms a key element in the IS software component
Hence, it is the heart of the IS.
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”
Part 2: Operating Systems◦ Operating System (OS)◦ The Functions of OS◦ The Organization of OS◦ Types of OS ◦ Design Issues of OS
Summary
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”
Part 2: Operating Systems◦ Operating System (OS)◦ The Functions of OS◦ The Organization of OS◦ Types of OS ◦ Design Issues of OS
Summary
Operating systems are:◦ No universally accepted definition
◦ “Everything a vendor ships when you order an operating system” is good approximation But varies wildly
◦ “The one program running at all times on the computer” is the kernel. Everything else is either a system program (ships with the operating system) or an application program.
Operating systems is:◦ system software, which operates the computer hardware.
◦ A virtual machine shell, which provided a logical representation of the underlying physical computer hardware.
◦ An intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware.
◦ A set of system and application and utility software that manage, allocate and coordinate the underlying hardware resources including: Processor (CPU) Graphic Processor (GPU) Memory Storage Network Communication
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”
Part 2: Operating Systems◦ Operating System (OS)◦ The Functions of OS◦ The Organization of OS◦ Types of OS ◦ Design Issues of OS
Summary
Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier
Make the computer system convenient to use
Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner.
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”
Part 2: Operating Systems◦ Operating System (OS)◦ The Functions of OS◦ The Organization of OS◦ Types of OS ◦ Design Issues of OS
Summary
Computer-system operation◦ One or more CPUs, device controllers connect
through common bus providing access to shared memory
◦ Concurrent execution of CPUs and devices competing for memory cycles
I/O devices and the CPU can execute concurrently
Each device controller is in charge of a particular device type
Each device controller has a local buffer
CPU moves data from/to main memory to/from local buffers
I/O is from the device to local buffer of controller
Device controller informs CPU that it has finished its operation by causing an interrupt
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”
Part 2: Operating Systems◦ Operating System (OS)◦ The Functions of OS◦ The Organization of OS◦ Types of OS ◦ Design Issues of OS
Summary
Mainly there are five types of Operating Systems:1. Multi/Single-User Operating Systems2. Multi/Single-Tasking Operating Systems3. Real-Time Operating Systems4. Distributed Operating Systems5. Embedded Operating Systems
1. Multi/Single User Operating Systems:
◦ Allow multiple users to access a computer system concurrently.
◦ Time-sharing systems can be classified as multi-user systems.
◦ Single-user operating systems, are usable by a single user at a time.
◦ Multi-user operating systems
◦ Single-user operating systems
2. Multi/Single Tasking Operating Systems:
◦ Single Tasking: only one program is allowed to run at a time.
◦ Multi-Taking OS: Multi programs are allowed to run concurrently. Pre-emptive : OS slices CPU time and dedicate a
slice for each program.
Cooperative: relying on each process to give time to the other processes in a defined manner
3. Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS):
◦ Multitasking operating system that aims at executing real-time applications.
◦ Quick and predictable response to events.
◦ Use specialized scheduling algorithms so that they can achieve a deterministic nature of behavior. Event-driven time-sharing design.
◦ ChibiOS/RT, BeRTOS and LynxOS
4. Distributed Operating Systems (DOS):
◦ Manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer.
◦ When computers in a group work in cooperation, they make a distributed system.
◦ Amoeba Operating System, and E1 DOS
5. Embedded Operating Systems :
◦ Used in embedded computer systems are known as embedded operating systems.
◦ Operate on small machines like PDAs with less autonomy.
◦ Operate with a limited number of resources.
◦ Windows CE, FreeBSD, and Minix 3.
Introduction
Part 1:Modern Information Systems: “The Big Picture”
Part 2: Operating Systems◦ Operating System (OS)◦ The Functions of OS◦ The Organization of OS◦ Types of OS ◦ Design Issues of OS
Summary
Development of faster and more robust hardware.
Demand for better performance coping with emerging hardware technologies.
Scalability.
Security.
Communication and Internet Evolution
Gave a brief demonstration of modern information systems highlighting operating systems.
Operating system forms the heart of an information system.
Gave a holistic introduction to operating systems answering a number interesting questions:◦ What are they?◦ What they do?◦ How they are organized?◦ What are their types?◦ What are the their design issues?
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