by dejonee burnett a4. mass political and social unrest strikes peasant unrest military mutinies...
Post on 17-Jan-2018
221 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
By Dejonee Burnett
A4
The Russian Revolution of 1905
Mass political and social unrest Strikes Peasant unrest Military mutinies Establishment of limited
constitutional monarchy/ State Duma 1906:Russian Constitution
Background of the Russian Revolution 1905
R.R contained a series of eventsBloody Sunday= set it offThe events afterward altered Russia permanentlyNicholas II= Czar of the timeEvents altered Nicholas’ relationship with the citizens
The Startup of the R.R 1905
January 22, 1905Peaceful protest of St Petersburg citizensLed by Russian Orthodox priestIncluded 150,000 peopleTook place in front of Winter PalaceWanted Czar to improve their living standards
Bloody Sunday
Hundreds killed by Nicholas II’s troopsHeld a petition to state their needsStated; -Czar =no longer in grace of people
What Happened?!
Strikes broke out across Russia-Included 400,000 peoplePeasants attacked homes of landlordsGrand Duke Sergei= Czar’s uncle; assassinated
The After-Math
Demands became politicalCitizens of St Petersburg demanded an elected parliament (Duma)Finns/Poles demanded right to national independence
Summer-Time Demands
Took place in MoscowIt quickly spread to other citiesWas a strike demanding change including;
- students, factory workers, revolutionaries, doctors and teachers26th: St Petersburg Soviet of Workers'
Deputies= formed. 30th: Nicholas issued October Manifesto
The October General Strike
Promise civil/political liberties which included;
personal immunity
Freedom of speech/religion
Freedom of assembly/association
No laws introduced w/o agreement of Duma.
Was a precursor to first Russian Constitution
October Manifesto
Important Names of the RR of 1905
Social democratic leader: sided with Bolsheviks
Bolsheviks: people who sided with Vladimir Lenin
Sent to Siberia after his arrest (1897)Returned to Russia during the
RevolutionElected chairman of the St. Petersburg
SovietArrested in Dec. 1905: denouncement Nicholas’ planno law be passed without state duma
Leon Trotsky
Originally close colleague with Vladimir Leninexiled to Turkhansk Siberia (Arctic):founding
group
Part of the Social Democratic Labour Party Developed the BolsheviksArrested/exiled for the founding of groupExiled to the warm ‘Siberian Italy’Lead small party of professional
revolutionaries
Julius Martov and Vladimir Lenin
Advised Nicholas II to issue October Manifesto
Czar’s new chief minister June: negotiated end to Russo-
Japanese war
Sergi Witte
Played a leading role in the RevolutionActive in the sovietsEstablishing group of the St Petersburg
SovietUnder the leadership of MartovLarge party of activists with broad
representation
Mensheviks
Feb. 8 1904-Sept. 5 1905 “Great War of the 20th Century”Russians sought a warm water portJapan declared war: gain dominance in
KoreaJapanese victory over the Russians34,000 killed and 52,623 died of wounds9,300 – 18,830 died of disease, 146,032
wounded
Russo-Japanese War
The Russian Revolution of 1917
The first Major event of the 1917 RevolutionCulmination of century+ of civil/military
unrestFeb 23rd
International Women's Day Festival (St Petersburg)
-women workers left factories : protested food shortages
Czar: deposed/ replaced by a provisional government
The February Revolution 1917
Theory of property (believed by many peasants)“Land should belong to those who work
it”Workers:worked 10 hour days/week before 1916By 1916 it changed to 11-12 hours/day At constant risk of death/injury
-(poor safety/ sanitary conditions) Everyone worked 6 days a week Inadequate wages (worsened due to the
war)
Economic/ Social Changes
The war broke out in August 1914Began to initially quiet the political protestsTook place in the situation of heavy military
setbacksMutinies began to occur
-fraternizing with the enemy started to develop
By Oct. 1916, Russia lost 5,000,000 soldiersSoldiers went hungry/ lacked shoes and weaponsMid- 1915:soldiers sent to front bearing no arms
Russia in WWI
Demand for production of war supplies-Factory workers caused more labor riots/strikes
Skilled workers; replaced with unskilled peasants
-Famine hit: poor railway system-workers abandoned the cities to look for food
Soldiers lacked equipment/protection from elements
-soldiers began to turn again the Czar
WWI’s Impact on Russia
Russia’s first battle of the war30,000 Russian troops killed or
wounded90,000 troops capturedGermany had only 20,000 casualtiesAutumn 1915: Nicholas took complete
control of troopsLeaving wife Alexandra in charge of
government
Battle of Tannenburg
Focused on what is now St Petersburg Members of Imperial Parliament
(Duma) controlled country Therefore created the Russian
Provisional Government March 7: workers at Putilov announced a
strike
March 1917
Provisional government : replaced by Bolshevik (communist) government
Led by Vladimir Lenin Bolsheviks overthrew Provisional
Government in St Petersburg Based on Lenin’s writing on Karl
Marx’s ideas Began spread of 20th century
communism
October 1917
Economy was breaking down because of warFood Shortages and rising pricesInflation caused incomes to decrease Shortages made it difficult to buy
affordable itemsNicholas was blamed for all of the crisesNovember 1916: State Duma issued a warning to Nicholas
By the End of 1917
Nicholas ignored the warnings given July 16th 1918 at 1:30 a.m. Nicholas, Alexandra, their children/
physician and several servants were taken to the basement and killed
Order came from Vladimir Lenin/ Yakov Sverdlov in Moscow
Death of the Imperial Family
Nicholas’ unrightfully handling of his country/ War destroyed the Czars and cost him both his rule and his life
In the End….
http://www.st-petersburg-life.com/st-petersburg/1917-russian-revolutionwww.historylearningsite.co.uk/1905_russian_revolution.htm www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUS1905.htm http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSwitte.htmhttp://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSmartov.htmrussiapedia.rt.com
Works Cited
top related