brief review celestial motion - wou...
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1
Celestial Motion
Chapter 21, pages 597-606Chapter 22, pages 615-619
Lab starts this week—NS 017
Brief Review
• Sun is at the center of the solar system• Published by Copernicus
– Supported by Galileo’s telescopic observations of Jupiter and Venus
• Kepler determined orbits are ellipses• Newton determined orbits created by
interaction of inertia and gravity
Constellations
• Star groups• 88 recognized• Stars names by brightness in them
Orion
• Hunter• White Tiger• Southern Sky
• http://lithops.as.arizona.edu/~jill/EPO/Posters/Orion/protoplanets.html
Star names in Orion
• http://borghetto.astrofili.org/costellazioni/costellazioni.htm • http://www.windows.ucar.edu/the_universe/images/starmaps/map_orion.jpg
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• http://www.windows.ucar.edu/cgi-bin/tour_def/the_universe/images/starmaps/map_canis_major_jpg_image.html • http://www.windows.ucar.edu/cgi-bin/tour_def/the_universe/Arcturus.html
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Earth Movement
• Rotation on axis• Revolution (orbit) around Sun
What is a ‘day’?
• Mean Solar Day
What is a ‘day’?
• Sidereal Day
What is a ‘day’?
• Mean Solar Day—24 hours• Sidereal Day—23 hours, 56 minutes
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Moon’s Motion
• Rotates on axis once each 27 1/3 days• Same side always faces Earth• No atmosphere—extreme temperature
variation: 127o to -173o C
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Moon
• 3475 km diameter
• Density ~ Earth’s mantle
http://www.astrosurf.com/cidadao/moon_99_03_01.jpg
Meteor Impact
Compression Wave Ejecta Rim
Euler Crater Lunar Features
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Maria Formation Flood Basalt
Lunar ExplorationFootprint in
lunar regolith
Moon formation
http://www.psi.edu/hartmann/pic-cat/
Impact of asteroid
http://www.psi.edu/hartmann/pic-cat/
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Ejecta from impact
http://www.psi.edu/hartmann/pic-cat/
Coalesced to form Moon
http://www.psi.edu/hartmann/pic-cat/
Moon was initially hot
http://www.psi.edu/hartmann/pic-cat/
Moon by Apollo
17 CrewRight part of
photo is ‘dark side’that cannot be seen from Earth
http://spacekids.hq.nasa.gov/osskids/animate/moon.html
Rayed Crater
http://cnr2.kent.edu/~manley/copernicus_crater_area.jpg
Lab Starts this Week
• Room NS 017• Down the south stairs• Do not miss class the first week• Buy your lab manual and read the first lab• Do the prelab questions, because your lab
instructor may want you to hand them in
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