biochem 4: metaboism

Bellringer

Describe how acids affect proteins in the body.

What do you think people mean when they say someone has a fast metabolism?

Agenda

Collect HomeworkGuided Notes: pH and Protein

NOTES: MetabolismAnabolic vs Catabolic reactionsPhotosynthesisCellular RespirationFermentation

Metabolism

The word metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions that take place within living things

There are 2 types of metabolic reaction

1) Anabolic ReactionsBuilding large molecules from small onesAnabolic reactions require energy

2) Catabolic ReactionsTearing apart large molecule into small onesCatabolic reactions release energy

CAT = Destruction

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which plants combine water and carbon dioxide gas to create glucose (sugar).

Oxygen gas is given off as a waste product.

Photosynthesis is Anabolic

Photosynthesis is considered an anabolic process for 2 reasonsIt combines small molecules to make

large. Making a single molecule of glucose requires 6 waters and 6 carbon dioxides.

It requires energy. Photosynthesis is only possible when the plant absorbs energy from the sun.

Catabolic Reactions

In order to use the energy stored in glucose, the molecule must be broken apart.

There are 2 types of catabolic reactionsRespiration: Aerobic (requires oxygen)Fermentation: Anaerobic (Doesn’t require

oxygen)

Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration uses oxygen to break down food. When glucose is broken down it releases energy.

Water and Carbon Dioxide are created as waste.

Respiration explains why animals exhale CO2

Compare photosynthesis & respiration . . .

Fermentation

Fermentation is a way to break down glucose without using oxygen, but produces less energy

Fermentation is done by many bacteria, and by animals when they are “short of breath”.

2 types of fermentationAlcohol: Done by fungi and bacteriaLactic Acid: Done by bacteria and animals

Alcohol Fermentation

Alcohol fermentation produces 2 waste productsCarbon Dioxide GasAlcohol

Beer is created by allowing yeast to digest barley grain. In fact, all alcoholic beverages are created by the digestive process of microscopic organisms

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Lactic Acid fermentation is used in the production of dairy items like cheese and yogurt.

Humans also produce lactic acid in their muscles during intense exercise. The buildup of this acid explains why your muscles burn after working out.

BrainPOP: Metabolism