biochem 4: metaboism
TRANSCRIPT
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Bellringer
Describe how acids affect proteins in the body.
What do you think people mean when they say someone has a fast metabolism?
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Agenda
Collect HomeworkGuided Notes: pH and Protein
NOTES: MetabolismAnabolic vs Catabolic reactionsPhotosynthesisCellular RespirationFermentation
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Metabolism
The word metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions that take place within living things
There are 2 types of metabolic reaction
1) Anabolic ReactionsBuilding large molecules from small onesAnabolic reactions require energy
2) Catabolic ReactionsTearing apart large molecule into small onesCatabolic reactions release energy
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CAT = Destruction
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which plants combine water and carbon dioxide gas to create glucose (sugar).
Oxygen gas is given off as a waste product.
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Photosynthesis is Anabolic
Photosynthesis is considered an anabolic process for 2 reasonsIt combines small molecules to make
large. Making a single molecule of glucose requires 6 waters and 6 carbon dioxides.
It requires energy. Photosynthesis is only possible when the plant absorbs energy from the sun.
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Catabolic Reactions
In order to use the energy stored in glucose, the molecule must be broken apart.
There are 2 types of catabolic reactionsRespiration: Aerobic (requires oxygen)Fermentation: Anaerobic (Doesn’t require
oxygen)
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Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration uses oxygen to break down food. When glucose is broken down it releases energy.
Water and Carbon Dioxide are created as waste.
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Respiration explains why animals exhale CO2
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Compare photosynthesis & respiration . . .
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Fermentation
Fermentation is a way to break down glucose without using oxygen, but produces less energy
Fermentation is done by many bacteria, and by animals when they are “short of breath”.
2 types of fermentationAlcohol: Done by fungi and bacteriaLactic Acid: Done by bacteria and animals
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Alcohol Fermentation
Alcohol fermentation produces 2 waste productsCarbon Dioxide GasAlcohol
Beer is created by allowing yeast to digest barley grain. In fact, all alcoholic beverages are created by the digestive process of microscopic organisms
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Lactic Acid Fermentation
Lactic Acid fermentation is used in the production of dairy items like cheese and yogurt.
Humans also produce lactic acid in their muscles during intense exercise. The buildup of this acid explains why your muscles burn after working out.
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BrainPOP: Metabolism