atm ocn 100 summer 2002 1 atm ocn 100 - summer 2002 lecture 25 (con’t.) mid-latitude weather...
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MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHERMADISON’S CURRENT WEATHER
Madison Weather at 1000 AM CDT 7 AUG 2002 Updated twice an hour at :05 and :25
Sky/Weather: MOSUNNY Temperature: 68 F (20 C) Dew Point: 57 F (13 C) Relative Humidity: 68% Wind: E3 MPH Barometer: 30.33S (1027.1 mb)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 44
Last 24 hrs in MadisonLast 24 hrs in Madison
FOGFOG
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 66
CURRENT CURRENT VISIBLEVISIBLE
TS CRISTOBALTS CRISTOBAL
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 77
CURRENT IRCURRENT IR
TS CRISTOBALTS CRISTOBAL
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 88
Current Surface Weather Map Current Surface Weather Map with Isobars (“iso” = equal & “bar” = weight), Fronts and Radarwith Isobars (“iso” = equal & “bar” = weight), Fronts and Radar
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 99
Current Surface Winds Current Surface Winds with Streamlines & Isotachs (“iso” = equal & “tach” = speed)with Streamlines & Isotachs (“iso” = equal & “tach” = speed)
LL
LLHH
LL
LLLL
HH
LLHH
HH
LLLLHH
HH
LLHH
HH
LL HH
LLHH
HHLL
LL
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1010
Current Temperatures (Current Temperatures (°°F) & IsothermsF) & Isotherms(“iso” = equal +”therm” = temperature)(“iso” = equal +”therm” = temperature)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1111
Current Temperatures (Current Temperatures (ooF) – 24 Hrs AgoF) – 24 Hrs Ago
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1212
Current Dewpoints Current Dewpoints ((ooF) F)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1313
Current 34,000 ft. Winds & Current 34,000 ft. Winds & Jet StreamJet Stream
with Streamlines & Isotachs (“iso” = equal & “tach” = speed)with Streamlines & Isotachs (“iso” = equal & “tach” = speed)
TroughTrough TroughTrough
RidgeRidge
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1414
Tomorrow AM Forecast MapTomorrow AM Forecast Map
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1515
AnnouncementsAnnouncements
Homework #5 is Today (NLT 3:30 PM Homework #5 is Today (NLT 3:30 PM either in my mailbox or at my office)either in my mailbox or at my office)http://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/aos100/homeworkhttp://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/aos100/homework
33rdrd Hour Exam is scheduled for Tomorrow. Hour Exam is scheduled for Tomorrow. See Review Sheet that has been posted at: See Review Sheet that has been posted at:
http://www.http://www.aosaos..wiscwisc..eduedu/~/~hopkinshopkins/aos100/exams/aos100/exams If you have ??, please see me.If you have ??, please see me.
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1616
Cold FrontCold Frontsee Fig. 11.5 of Moran & Morgan (1997)see Fig. 11.5 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1717
Cold Front Cold Front (con’t.)(con’t.) see Fig. 11.5 of Moran & Morgan (1997) see Fig. 11.5 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1818
Warm FrontWarm Front see Fig. 11.3 of Moran & Morgan (1997)see Fig. 11.3 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 1919
Warm Front Warm Front (con’t.)(con’t.) see Fig. 11.3 of Moran & Morgan (1997) see Fig. 11.3 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 2020
Stationary FrontStationary Front see Fig. 11.2 of Moran & Morgan (1997)see Fig. 11.2 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 2121
Occluded FrontsOccluded Fronts see Figs. 11.7 & 11.8 of Moran & Morgan (1997)see Figs. 11.7 & 11.8 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 2222
ATM OCN 100 – Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 – Summer 2002LECTURE 28 LECTURE 28
MID-LATITUDE WEATHER SYSTEMS:MID-LATITUDE WEATHER SYSTEMS:PART II: THE EXTRATROPICAL CYCLONEPART II: THE EXTRATROPICAL CYCLONE
A. INTRODUCTIONA. INTRODUCTION– Practical ProblemsPractical Problems
What is nature of mid-latitude storm systems?What is nature of mid-latitude storm systems? How to predict midlatitude storm systemsHow to predict midlatitude storm systems
– Historical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 2525
B. B. THE NORWEGIANTHE NORWEGIAN or or POLAR FRONT POLAR FRONT (WAVE CYCLONE) MODEL(WAVE CYCLONE) MODEL
Designation of Extratropical CyclonesDesignation of Extratropical Cyclones Distinguishing Features of a Mature Polar Distinguishing Features of a Mature Polar
Front CycloneFront Cyclone
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 2626
Distinguishing Features:Distinguishing Features:Typical cyclone tracksTypical cyclone tracks
Extratropical cyclonesExtratropical cyclones
Extratropical cyclonesExtratropical cyclones
Tropical cyclonesTropical cyclones
Tropical cyclonesTropical cyclones
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 2828
Distinguishing features of the Distinguishing features of the POLAR FRONT CYCLONE MODELPOLAR FRONT CYCLONE MODEL
FRONTSFRONTS Cold airCold air vs. vs. Warm SectorWarm Sector
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 2929
A comma shaped cloud patternA comma shaped cloud pattern
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 3030
Occluded Cyclone over British Occluded Cyclone over British IslesIsles
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 3131
A Tropical cyclone with circular cloud A Tropical cyclone with circular cloud bands & eye bands & eye (Hurricane Mitch, 26 Oct 1998)(Hurricane Mitch, 26 Oct 1998)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 3333
C. OBSERVED WEATHER FEATURESC. OBSERVED WEATHER FEATURES see Fig. 11.13 of Moran & Morgan (1997)see Fig. 11.13 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 3636
Wind Field around a cycloneWind Field around a cyclone - Observed Surface Winds- Observed Surface Winds
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 3737
Composite cyclone weatherComposite cyclone weather
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 3838
Composite cyclone weatherComposite cyclone weather
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 3939
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 4040
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 4141
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 4242
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 4343
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5050
Principal Storm TracksPrincipal Storm Tracks see Fig. 11.16 of Moran & Morgan (1997)see Fig. 11.16 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5151
Lee-slope CyclogenesisLee-slope CyclogenesisSee Fig.1 pg. 275, Moran & Morgan (1997)See Fig.1 pg. 275, Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5252
E. MOVEMENTS OF EXTRATROPICAL E. MOVEMENTS OF EXTRATROPICAL WAVE CYCLONES WAVE CYCLONES (con’t.)(con’t.)
Principal Cyclone Tracks overPrincipal Cyclone Tracks over North America North America
Time Sequences of Weather Events -Time Sequences of Weather Events - Single Point Forecasting Single Point Forecasting
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5353
Weather along Storm TracksWeather along Storm Tracks(A) Warm Side(A) Warm Side vs. vs. (B) Cold side (B) Cold side
see Fig. 11.15 of Moran & Morgan (1997)see Fig. 11.15 of Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5454
Weather on Warm SideWeather on Warm Side
Windy, warm & rainy in Windy, warm & rainy in Madison Madison
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5555
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5656
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5757
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 5858
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 6060
Weather Conditions around Weather Conditions around Extratropical CycloneExtratropical Cyclone
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 6161
Warm or South Side of CycloneWarm or South Side of Cyclone
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 6262
Weather on Cold SideWeather on Cold Side
Development of a 5 inch snow Development of a 5 inch snow storm in Madison (with storm in Madison (with
temperatures in the teens)temperatures in the teens)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 6363
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 6464
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 6565
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 6767
Weather Conditions around Weather Conditions around Extratropical CycloneExtratropical Cyclone
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 6868
Weather Conditions around Weather Conditions around Extratropical CycloneExtratropical Cyclone
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 7070
Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneLife Cycle of an Extratropical Cyclone See Fig. 11.9 Moran & Morgan (1997)See Fig. 11.9 Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 7171
Incipient Cyclone Stage in the Life Incipient Cyclone Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneCycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9A Moran & Morgan (1997)See Fig. 11.9A Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 7272
The Surface Low & the JetThe Surface Low & the Jet
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 7373
Linkage between surface weather Linkage between surface weather systems & winds aloftsystems & winds aloft
See Fig. 10.22 Moran & Morgan (1997)See Fig. 10.22 Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 7474
Wave Cyclone Stage in the Life Cycle Wave Cyclone Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical Cycloneof an Extratropical Cyclone
See Fig. 11.9B Moran & Morgan (1997)See Fig. 11.9B Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 7575
Occluding Stage in the Life Cycle of an Occluding Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneExtratropical Cyclone
See Fig. 11.9C Moran & Morgan (1997)See Fig. 11.9C Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 7676
Bent-Back Occlusion Stage in the Life Bent-Back Occlusion Stage in the Life Cycle of an Extratropical CycloneCycle of an Extratropical CycloneSee Fig. 11.9D Moran & Morgan (1997)See Fig. 11.9D Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 7979
Cyclones along the Polar FrontCyclones along the Polar Front
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 8080
Cyclone Families from TIROSCyclone Families from TIROS
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 9595
G. WINTER STORMSG. WINTER STORMS
DefinitionsDefinitions Winter Weather ConditionsWinter Weather Conditions
– Hazards of Winter StormsHazards of Winter Storms HEAVY SNOWHEAVY SNOW ICE STORMSICE STORMS STRONG WINDSSTRONG WINDS
– Ingredients of a Winter StormIngredients of a Winter Storm COLD AIRCOLD AIR MOISTUREMOISTURE LIFTLIFT
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 9696
See Figure 11.14 Moran & Morgan (1997)See Figure 11.14 Moran & Morgan (1997)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 9797
WINTER STORMS WINTER STORMS (con’t.)(con’t.)
BlizzardsBlizzards
– Winter weather condition lastingWinter weather condition lasting 3 hours 3 hours oror more with: more with: Strong winds (35 mph or more);Strong winds (35 mph or more); Snow & blowing snowSnow & blowing snow
with visibility less than 1/4 mile. with visibility less than 1/4 mile.
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 9898
WINTER STORMS WINTER STORMS (con’t.)(con’t.)
Public Information DisseminationPublic Information Dissemination & Public Safety Precautions & Public Safety Precautions
– Blizzard warnings;Blizzard warnings;
– Winter storm watches & warnings;Winter storm watches & warnings;
– Ice storm warnings;Ice storm warnings;
– High wind warnings;High wind warnings;
– Wind chill warnings.Wind chill warnings.
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 9999
Cross Section thru a cycloneCross Section thru a cyclone
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002ATM OCN 100 Summer 2002 100100
An extratropical cycloneAn extratropical cyclone
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