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2009 Cement Specifications
ASTM C150 AND AASHTO M85 STANDARDS AND HARMONIZATION
UPDATEMTC Meeting
August 24, 2009
Background2009 Spec Update
ASTM C150 and AASHTO M85, Standard Specification for Portland Cement
Until recently 5 significant differences
Maximum fineness
C3S content
Processing additions
Limestone
SiO2 content
DOT Portland Cement Specifications2009 Spec Update
DC
AK
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CT
FL
GA
HI
ID
IN
KS
LA
MA
MD
MEMN
MO
MS
NC
ND
NH
NY
OK
OR
PA
RI
SC
SD
TN
TX
VA
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CA CO
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MT
AASHTO M 85, 31 ASTM C 150, 16 Both, 4
PCA Survey August 1999; Amended June 2005
History and ResultsEfforts to harmonize requirements in ASTM C150 and AASHTO M85
These changes complete the “harmonization”
July 2009 editions will contain NO significant technical differences
New business
Result of efforts by Joint AASHTO-ASTM Harmonization Task Group
2009 Cement Specs Update
Harmonization Goal: Have Consistent Requirements that Meet Collective Needs1. Ensure concrete performance2. Provide means of measuring compliance3. Provide consistent material4. Use simple reliable testing and sampling methods5. Provide flexibility for optimization of available natural
resources and manufacturing technology and accommodate various user requirements
6. Ensure understandable communication between buyer and seller
First Harmonization
Fineness (single sample, average of 5)
C3S and SiO2 limits for Type II cements
Heat index (C3S+4.75C3A)
Use of up to 5% limestone
2009 Cement Specs Update
Changes in 2009 Editions
New Type II (MH)
Modify fineness provisions
Modify processing additions requirements
Revise Table 1, Footnote D
2009 Cement Specs Update
Type II(MH)New Type II(MH) — moderate heat and sulfate resistance
Maximum Blaine: 430 m2/kg*Heat index: C3S + 4.75 C3A ≤ 100C3A: maximum 8%
Type II — moderate sulfate resistanceNo maximum Blaine nor heat indexC3A: maximum 8%
Also a Type II(MH)A, air entraining
*Exemption for low heat index: 4.75C3A+C3S≤90
2009 Cement Specs Update
Type II and II(MH) StrengthStrength requirements are the same
1450 psi at 3 days2470 psi at 7 days
Lower minimum strength requirements apply only to Type II(MH) when optional ASTM C186 heat of hydration
1020 psi at 3 day1740 psi at 7 days
Fineness RequirementsNo “average” or “single sample” requirement for maximum or minimum
Minimum Blaine of 260 m2/kg for Types I, II, II(MH), IV, V
Type II(MH) and Type IV maximum 430 m2/kg Blaine
2009 Cement Specs Update
Sulfate ContentTable 1, Footnote DThe old footnote was ambiguous: Was ASTM C563 required or not? Was ASTM C1038 data?
Now reads: It is permissible to exceed the values in the table for SOIt is permissible to exceed the values in the table for SO33content, provided it has been demonstrated by Test Method content, provided it has been demonstrated by Test Method C1038 that the cement with the increased SOC1038 that the cement with the increased SO33 will not will not develop expansion exceeding 0.020% at 14 days. When the develop expansion exceeding 0.020% at 14 days. When the manufacturer supplies cement under this provision, manufacturer supplies cement under this provision, supporting data shall be supplied to the purchaser.supporting data shall be supplied to the purchaser.
Requires reporting of C1038 when table limits exceeded
2009 Cement Specs Update
Sulfate ContentNew (non-mandatory) Note 5 provides further explanation:
There are cases where performance of a cement is There are cases where performance of a cement is improved with SOimproved with SO33 in excess of the Table 1 limits in in excess of the Table 1 limits in this specification. C563 is one of several methods a this specification. C563 is one of several methods a manufacturer can use to evaluate the effect of manufacturer can use to evaluate the effect of sulfate content on cement characteristics. sulfate content on cement characteristics. Whenever SOWhenever SO33 content of a cement exceeds content of a cement exceeds Table 1 limits, C1038 results provide evidence that Table 1 limits, C1038 results provide evidence that excessive expansion does not occur at this higher excessive expansion does not occur at this higher sulfate content.sulfate content.
2009 Cement Specs Update
Processing AdditionsPreviously
AASHTO M85 limited to 1% by mass and required ASTM C465 testing for qualificationASTM C150 required C465C465 did not distinguish between organic and inorganic processing additions
NCHRP Research (Report 607)Changes to
Reporting requirementsBogue calculationsC465
2009 Cement Specs Update
Processing AdditionsASTM C465 revised to include requirements for Inorganic (IPA) and Organic (OPA) Processing Additions
AASHTO M 327 adopted with identical requirements to C465
ASTM C150 and AASHTO M 85 limits
OPAs: up to 1% by mass and qualify
IPAs: up to 5% by mass and qualify if >1%
No more than one IPA used
2009 Cement Specs Update
Processing AdditionsBogue phase composition
Calculate Bogue using base cement chemistry (clinker and sulfate) and traditional Bogue equations (no limestone correction)
Calculate and report adjusted Bogue composition corrected for use of limestone and inorganic processing additions
Processing AdditionsExample adjusted Bogue:
Base cement C3S is 63% by mass
3.5% limestone used
3% IPA
Reported C3S content is:
63% × (1.0 - 0.035 - 0.030) = 59%
Repeat for C2S, C3A, C4AF
2009 Cement Specs Update
Processing AdditionsRequired reporting
Amount of inorganic processing addition
IPA major oxides
CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, SO3
Recommended reporting
Type of IPA
Base cement Bogue phase composition
Continue to report limestone amount used, CO2content of limestone, and CaCO3 of limestone
2009 Cement Specs Update
2009 Cement Specs Update
AASHTO - ASTM Harmonization SummaryProvision AASHTO
M85-04ASTM C150-04a
AASHTO M85-09ASTM C150-09
Max Fineness (Blaine):
Single SampleAverage of 5
420 [I, II, IV, V]400 [I, II, IV, V]
No LimitNo Limit
430 [II (MH)*, IV]None
Type II max C3S 58 No Limit Type II(MH)4.75C3A+C3S≤100
Processing Additions Max 1%
No Prescriptive Limit
Organic ≤ 1%Inorganic ≤ 5%
Use of Limestone Not permitted Up to 5% Up to 5%, modified Section 5
Type II min SiO2 20% No Limit No LimitTable I Footnote D Ambiguous Ambiguous Improved clarity
*Exemption for low heat index Type II (MH) 4.75C3A+C3S≤90
2009 Cement Specs Update
ASTM C465/AASHTO M 327 Both organic (OPA) and inorganic processing additions (IPA) required to meet ASTM C465/AASHTO M 327
IPA qualified at each plant; OPA can be qualified ‘globally’
Qualification consists of testing cements with processing addition compared to a control
Normal consistency, time of setting, autoclave expansion
Mortar compressive strength, drying shrinkage, AEA content
Concrete compressive and flexural strength
90-day strength requirements dropped
2009 Cement Specs Update
ASTM C465/AASHTO M 327 OPA testing same as in the past
Specific gravity—ASTM D891
Water content—ASTM E203
IPA testing
SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, SO3, ignition loss, insoluble residue, Na2O, K2O
Specific Gravity—ASTM C188
2009 Cement Specs Update
New BusinessNew method to measure heat of hydration
Improved ways of addressing Bogue composition
Improved definition of IPAs
Use of combinations and global qualification of IPAs
Other comments returned in balloting
2009 Cement Specs Update
Questions2009 Cement Specs Update
ASTM C595: Ternary Blended Cements
2009 Cement Specs Update
Ternary Blended CementsNew Type IT
1 slag and 1 pozzolan or 2 pozzolans
Same chemical and physical limits for ternary blended cements as for binary blended cements (IP or IS) with the same predominant SCM
Amount and type of SCMs used in nomenclature
2009 Cement Specs Update
Ternary Blended CementsNomenclature
Format: Type IT(AX)(BY)
Where A and B are SCM types and X and Y are amounts
S=slag or P=pozzolan
Primary (highest content) SCM listed first
If X=Y requirements of Type IT(P>S) apply (Type IP)
Example: Type IT(S25)(P15) contains 25% slag and 15% pozzolan
2009 Cement Specs Update
Ternary Blended Cements
Since Type IT(S25)(P15) has more slag than pozzolan, requirements are the same as Type IS(25)
Type IT can meet MS, HS, or LH options
2009 Cement Specs Update
C595 Table 1Test
MethodIS (< 70),
IT(P<S<70)IS (≥70)IT(S≥70)
IP,IT(P≥S)
MgO, max, % C 114 . . . . . . 6.0
SO3, max, % C 114 3.0 4.0 4.0S2-, max, % C 114 2.0 2.0 ...
Insol., max, % C 114 1.0 1.0 ...
LOI, max, % C 114 3.0 4.0 5.0
2009 Cement Specs Update
Test
IS (<70),IT(P<S<70),
IP,IT(P>S)
IS (< 70) (MS),IT(P<S<70)(MS)
IP(MS),IT(P>S)(MS)
IS (< 70) (HS),IT(P<S<70)(HS)
IP (HS),IT(P>S)(HS)
IS(≥70),IT(S≥70)
IP(LH)IT(P>S)(LH)
Fineness C204C430
C C C C C
Autoclave expansion, max, %
C151 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80
Autoclave contraction, max, %
C151 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20
Vicat test: minutes, not less
than hours, not more than
C191
45
7
45
7
45
7
45
7
45
7
Air content of mortar, volume %
C185 12 12 12 12 12
2009 Cement Specs Update
2009 Cement Specs Update
2009 Cement Specs Update
ASTM C1157: Type HE Strengths
2009 Cement Specs Update
2008 Revisions
Significant revisions to make C1157 more “friendly”
Strength options simplified
Changes to strength requirements to be consistent with C595 requirements for similar types
2009 Cement Specs Update
2009 Revision
No Type HE equivalent in C595
Type HE strength requirements changed to match C150 Type III
2009 Cement Specs Update
GU HE MS HS MH LH
1 day ... 12(1740) ... ... ... ...
3 days 13(1890)
24(3480)
11(1600)
11(1600)
5(725) ...
7 days 20(2900) ... 18
(2610)18
(2610)11
(1600)11
(1600)
28 days 28 (4060) ... ... 25
(3620) ... 21(3050)
2009 Cement Specs Update
Questions2009 Cement Specs Update
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