ap world history. end of the han dynasty was followed by a long period of disunity and civil war ...
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AP World History
End of the Han Dynasty was followed by a long period of disunity and civil war
Buddhism began to spread throughout China during this period Introduced in the first century CE Did not really begin to spread until after the Han
empire collapsed
Tea was discovered in the south during this period
Porcelain was also developed during this time
Restored the Chinese imperial structure Confucian bureaucracy, etc. Defeated external enemies
Accomplishments of the Sui Dynasty Grand Canal (right) Confucianism also began to
regain popularity Weakened by military
spending and external invasions
Expanded Confucian administrative system Reformed examination system
Compiled the Tang Code in 624 CE Liberal attitude towards all religions
Only female empress in Chinese history Removed the rightful heir to the
throne in 690 CE Recruited outstanding individuals
to serve in her court Buddhism was the favored state
religion Attempted to make it a state religion Financed the building of many
Buddhist temples
Rapid increase in rice production Techniques such as planting out seedlings rapidly
increased yield Champa rice from Vietnam
Terrace Farming Population doubled
Urbanization
Power moved from north to south
Revived the Silk Roads Contemporaries of the Umayyad and Abbasid
Caliphates
Not politically powerful Conquered by Mongols
Great advances were made in technology and culture Used gunpowder as a weapon Foreign trade expanded greatly due to junks Rise of Neo-Confucianism
Specialized Production Government monopolies Private business
Guilds
Silk, porcelain, iron, etc.
Expanding trade markets Internal expansion caused by population growth
Grand Canal, paper money, etc.
External expansion caused by naval technology Compass, junks, etc.
Song dynasty iron smelting processYuan dynasty waterwheel and blast furnace
Gunpowder New porcelain techniques
Translucent porcelain
Invention of the moveable type printing press in 1045 CE
Introduction of paper money, called flying money was introduced Metal was scarce in China
First evidence of this practice shows up in about 950 CE Not sure why this practice
began Widely practiced among
both the rich and poor of China
Essentially made women subordinate to their husbands
Yuan Dynasty came to an end in 1368 Attempt to eliminate Mongol cultural influence
Ming Government Reestablished Confucian bureaucracy (again) Moved capital to Beijing
Built the Forbidden City
Expanded into Central Asiaand Manchuria
New American crops expanded agriculture Sweet potato, maize, peanuts Led to rapid population growth
Went from 100 million in 1500 to 225 million by 1750
Population growth aided manufacturing by keeping wages low Limited need for labor saving devices
Launched expeditions into the Indian Ocean Zheng He voyages
Limited trade with Europeans to Macao & Canton “the Silver Sink”
Strengthened traditional Chinese values Filial piety Extended family system
Emphasized loyalty to family
Females remained subordinate Footbinding continued Female infanticide was not uncommon Widows were discouraged from remarrying & widow suicide
was often encouraged
Confucian-based social hierarchy
Promoted Neo-Confucianism Emphasized Chinese tradition Literature
Monkey, the Water Margin, etc.
Pottery the Great Wall
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