anatomy of nose and

Anatomy of Nose and

Nasal Secretions

Presented By:Mian Naqib Jan

Farman ullah

ANATOMICALLY NOSE IS DIVIDED AS EXTERNAL NOSE AND NASAL CAVITY

Some features of external nose: ROOT DORSUM TIP ANTERIOR NARES NASAL SEPTUM COLUMELLA

Anatomy of Nose:

External nose is pyramidal in shape and maintained by skeletal framework

External framework is made of bony and cartilaginous part

Bony part are formed by nasal processes of frontal bone and ascending processes of the maxilla

Cartilaginous part are formed by nasal cartilage and alar cartilages

Skin over the external nose is thin in upper part and relatively thicker in lower part

EXTERNAL NOSE

Arterial supply of the external is from

Maxillary and opthalmic arteries

ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF EXTERNAL NOSE

Nerve supply of external nose is from External nasal nerve Infratrochlear nerve Infraorbital nerve

Nerve supply of external nose

Nasal cavity are two irregular cavities divided by nasal septum

Nasal cavity is bounded by Floor Roof Medial wall Lateral wall

NASAL CAVITY

Floor is about 5cm long and 1.5 cm wide Floor is formed anteriorly by palatine

process of maxilla and posteriorly by horizontal plate of palatine bone

FLOOR OF NASAL CAVITY

Roof is about 7cm long and 1.5 wide Anterior slope is formed by nasal part of

frontal bone and nasal cartilages Posterior slope is formed by inferior surface

of body of sphenoid bone

ROOF OF NASAL CAVITY

Medial wall of nasal cavity is formed by nasal septum

Nasal septum is formed by both bony and cartilaginous parts

Bony part is mainly formed by Perpendicular plate of ethmoid above and

vomer bone below and behind cartilaginous part is formed mainly by

septal cartilage

MEDIAL WALL

Anterosuperior part is supplied by anterior ethmoidal artery

Posteroinferior part is supplied by spenopalatine artery

Anteroinferior part by the superior labial branch of facial artery

Posterosuperior part by the greater palatine artery branch of 3rd part of maxillary artery

ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF NASAL SEPTUM

In the anteroinferior part of the nasal septum an anastamosis of arteries is present called kiessel Bach’s plexus and the area is called little area

The arteries taking part in this anastamosis are

Sphenopalatine artery Greater palatine Superior labial branch of facial artery Anterior ethmoidal artery

LITTLE AREA

Anterosuperior part is supplied by internal nasal branch of anterior ethmoidal nerve

Anteroinferior part by anterior superior alveolar nerve

Posteroinferior part by nasopalatine branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion

Posterosuperior part by medial posterior nasal branches of pterygopalatine ganglion

Special sensory nerve is olfactory confined to upper part

NERVE SUPPLY OF NASAL SEPTUM

Lateral wall of nose is irregular due to presence of three shelf like projections called conchae

Conchae are three in number Superior Middle Inferior Three meatus are present below each

concha

LATERAL WALL

Superior meatus contain the opening of posterior ethmoidal cells

Middle meatus contians the opening of maxillary sinus, anterior and middle ethmoidal cells and frontal sinus

Inferior meatus receives the nasal opening of nasolacrimal duct

TURBINATESON LATERAL WALL

Anterosuperior part by anterior ethmoidal artery

Anteroinferior part by branches of facial and greater palatine arteries

Posterosuperior part by sphenopalatine artery

Posteroinferior part by branches from greater palatine artery

ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF LATERIAL WALL OF NOSE

Anterosuperior part by anterior ethmoidal nerve-branch of ophthalmic nerve

Anteroinferior part by superior alveolar nerve

Posterosuperior part by superior lateral nasal branches from pterygopalatine ganglion

Posteroinferior part by greater palatine branch from ptergopalatine ganglion

NERVE SUPPLY LATERAL WALL OF NOSE

DEFINATION Nasal discharge refers to fluid that comes

from the nose and originates in the nasal septum.

NATURE. The nasal discharge may be clear,blood .it

may contain mucous, pus .

NASAL DISCHARGE

Nasal discharge occurs due to the irritation of the lining nasal passages

Foreign bodies Parasites Fungal infections Nasal tumor Allergic reactions

CAUSES OF NASAL DISCHARGE

Accumulation of secretions Difficulty in breathing Decreased air flow through upper

respiratory tract The patient may have loss of appetite Reverse sneezing may occur if the

irritations extend to back of throat

SIGNS OF NASAL DISCHARGE

Nasal discharge is diagnosed by medical history and physical examination

The cause of nasal discharge may be determined by diagnostic test

Complete blood count [CBCs] Radiographs x rays of skull frequently

required Rhinoscopy may help in the identification of

nasal lesion Nasal biopsy can be performed

NASAL DISCHARGEDIAGNOSED

Antibiotics Antiparasitics Steroids Antifungal drugs

NASAL DISCHARGE TREATMENT

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