age of exploration
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Age of Exploration
Chapter One, Section OnePages 80-89
Vocabulary
Marco Polo Spent 17 years in China working for Kublai Khan
Hernan Cortes Destroyed the Aztec Empire
Astrolabe Measured the position of the stars
Christopher Columbus Believed he could reach Asia by sailing West across Atlantic
Missions Religious communities that included a town, farmland and
a church Crusades
Series of holy wars that increased trade
Marco Polo
In 1217, sailed from Europe to AsiaSpent 17 years in ChinaWorked for Kublai Khan
Growth of Trade
Crusades increased trade between Europe and Middle East
Merchants made fortunes from trade in goods from China
Mercantilism: more goods equals more riches
New Technology
Astrolabe: instrument that measured the position of the stars
Compass: determined sailor’s ships’ position
Stern Rudder: allowed ships to sail into the wind
Portugal Leads the Way
1420: Prince Henry set up center for exploration
Explored the coast of AfricaBartholomieu DiasVasco de Gama
Columbus Sets Sail
Sailed West to AsiaNina, Pinta, Santa MariaSighted land in Bahamas
New continentFound gold, spices in Hispaniola
Magellan’s Voyage
Spanish employed Portuguese mariners
Named Pacific OceanCircumnavigated the globeKilled in Phillippines
Spanish Conquistadores
Given right to exploreGave Spanish crown part of any gold,
silver
Who Was Cortes?
1519: conquered Tenochtitlan Empire of the Aztec
Conquered Aztec Empire by: Guns and cannons Horses and large dogs Disease (smallpox)
Searching for Gold
Ponce de Leon Landed in Florida in 1513 First Spanish settlement in US St. Augustine Looking for “Fountain of Youth”
French, Dutch, English Exploration
Wanted to profit from trade/colonization
Hoped to find Northwest Passage
A Trade Rivalry
England and Spain competedSir Francis Drake
Conquered Spanish ArmadaEngland’s strength: maritime power
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