Age of Exploration

Chapter One, Section OnePages 80-89

Vocabulary

Marco Polo Spent 17 years in China working for Kublai Khan

Hernan Cortes Destroyed the Aztec Empire

Astrolabe Measured the position of the stars

Christopher Columbus Believed he could reach Asia by sailing West across Atlantic

Missions Religious communities that included a town, farmland and

a church Crusades

Series of holy wars that increased trade

Marco Polo

In 1217, sailed from Europe to AsiaSpent 17 years in ChinaWorked for Kublai Khan

Growth of Trade

Crusades increased trade between Europe and Middle East

Merchants made fortunes from trade in goods from China

Mercantilism: more goods equals more riches

New Technology

Astrolabe: instrument that measured the position of the stars

Compass: determined sailor’s ships’ position

Stern Rudder: allowed ships to sail into the wind

Portugal Leads the Way

1420: Prince Henry set up center for exploration

Explored the coast of AfricaBartholomieu DiasVasco de Gama

Columbus Sets Sail

Sailed West to AsiaNina, Pinta, Santa MariaSighted land in Bahamas

New continentFound gold, spices in Hispaniola

Magellan’s Voyage

Spanish employed Portuguese mariners

Named Pacific OceanCircumnavigated the globeKilled in Phillippines

Spanish Conquistadores

Given right to exploreGave Spanish crown part of any gold,

silver

Who Was Cortes?

1519: conquered Tenochtitlan Empire of the Aztec

Conquered Aztec Empire by: Guns and cannons Horses and large dogs Disease (smallpox)

Searching for Gold

Ponce de Leon Landed in Florida in 1513 First Spanish settlement in US St. Augustine Looking for “Fountain of Youth”

French, Dutch, English Exploration

Wanted to profit from trade/colonization

Hoped to find Northwest Passage

A Trade Rivalry

England and Spain competedSir Francis Drake

Conquered Spanish ArmadaEngland’s strength: maritime power