activating the passive anya shaw international house buenos aires
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ACTIVATING THE PASSIVE
Anya ShawInternational House Buenos Aires
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, (which is) blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, (which is) blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, (which is) blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, (which is) blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec.
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, (which is) blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-
america-17286034
In the past 20 years there has been a revolution in the Argentine wine industry, (which has been) driven partly by the success of a grape that in many countries is used only for mixing – the rich, velvety Malbec.One is small, dark and juicy.The other is loose and sandy, (which is) blasted by the sun during the day and cooled by mountain air at night.The Malbec grape and the soil of the western Argentine province of Mendoza were introduced to one another in the middle of the 19th century.However, it was more than 100 years later before local producers realised that this combination of the thin-skinned, sun-loving grape and the sandy soil of Mendoza could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.It does not rain much here.The relationship is therefore lubricated by the ice melting off the Andes mountains.There are other grapes (which are) grown in Mendoza – Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tempranillo to name just a few. But there is only one Malbec. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-
america-17286034
Forming the passive
TO BE
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLE
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) driven
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis used
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blasted
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis cooled
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis cooledwere
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis cooledwere introduced
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis cooledwere introducedis
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis cooledwere introducedis lubricated
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis cooledwere introducedis lubricatedare
Forming the passive
TO BE PAST PARTICIPLEhas been (partly) drivenis usedis blastedis cooledwere introducedis lubricatedare grown
Forming the passive
.
Write a definition of the meaning of the passive voice.
Grammatical roles Notional roles
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Grammatical roles (f___)
Notional roles (m______)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Grammatical roles (form)
Notional roles (m______)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Grammatical roles (form)
Notional roles (meaning)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Grammatical roles (form)
Notional roles (meaning)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Grammatical roles (form)
Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Grammatical roles (form)
Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Grammatical roles (form)
Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Grammatical roles (form)
Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject agent
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing.
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject patient
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
= The active and passive forms differ in meaning by assigning different notional roles to the subject of the verb.
= The active and passive forms differ in meaning by assigning different notional roles to the subject of the verb.
•Verb is active = we interpret the subject as an agent (doer)
= The active and passive forms differ in meaning by assigning different notional roles to the subject of the verb.
•Verb is active = we interpret the subject as an agent (doer)
•Verb is passive = we interpret the subject as a patient (victim)
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day.
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrative.subject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day. subject
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrativesubject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day. subject patient
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrativesubject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day. subject no objectpatient
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
This combination could produce a wine that was both tantalising and lucrativesubject objectagent patient
In many countries the grape is used only for mixing. subject no object patient agent not mentioned
The soil is blasted by the sun during the day. subject no objectpatient by + agent
Grammatical roles (form) Notional roles (meaning)
• Subject – the noun which goes before the verb form
• Agent – the person or thing carrying out the action
• Object – the noun which comes directly after the verb form
• Patient – the person or thing affected by an action
Have a go at the following CPE transformations… Remember to use between 3-8 words. 1, The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no one had foreseenHELDThe manufacturing process____________________________________ circumstances.
2, The judges gave Delfina the impression that she would win first prize.BELIEVEDelfina _______________________________________ she would win first prize by the judges
3, Mrs Thomas seems to find the way her daughter behaves more a source of amusement than embarrassment.BEINGFar ___________________________________ behaviour, Mrs Thomas seems to be amused by it.
4, They plan to repair the bridge this weekend.SCHEDULEDThe repair _____________________________________________ place this weekend.
From Cambridge CPE 3, 4, 5, 1
Have a go at the following CPE transformations… Remember to use between 3-8 words. 1, The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no one had foreseenHELDThe manufacturing process was held up by unforeseen circumstances.
2, The judges gave Delfina the impression that she would win first prize.BELIEVEDelfina _______________________________________ she would win first prize by the judges
3, Mrs Thomas seems to find the way her daughter behaves more a source of amusement than embarrassment.BEINGFar ___________________________________ behaviour, Mrs Thomas seems to be amused by it.
4, They plan to repair the bridge this weekend.SCHEDULEDThe repair _____________________________________________ place this weekend.
From Cambridge CPE 3, 4, 5, 1
1, The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no one had foreseen.HELDThe manufacturing process was held up by unforeseen circumstances. 2, The judges gave Delfina the impression that she would win first prize.BELIEVEDelfina was led to believe that she would win first prize by the judges.
3, Mrs Thomas seems to find the way her daughter behaves more a source of amusement than embarrassment.BEINGFar ___________________________________ behaviour, Mrs Thomas seems to be amused by it.
4, They plan to repair the bridge this weekend.SCHEDULEDThe repair _____________________________________________ place this weekend.
From Cambridge CPE 3, 4, 5, 1
Have a go at the following CPE transformations… Remember to use between 3-8 words.
1, The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no one had foreseen.HELDThe manufacturing process was held up by unforeseen circumstances.
2, The judges gave Delfina the impression that she would win first prize.BELIEVEDelfina was led to believe that she would win first prize by the judges.
3, Mrs Thomas seems to find the way her daughter behaves more a source of amusement than embarrassment.BEINGFar from being embarrassed by her daughter’s behaviour, Mrs Thomas seems to be amused by it.
4, They plan to repair the bridge this weekend.SCHEDULEDThe repair _____________________________________________ place this weekend.
From Cambridge CPE 3, 4, 5, 1
Have a go at the following CPE transformations… Remember to use between 3-8 words.
1, The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no one had foreseen.HELDThe manufacturing process was held up by unforeseen circumstances.
2, The judges gave Delfina the impression that she would win first prize.BELIEVEDelfina was led to believe that she would win first prize by the judges.
3, Mrs Thomas seems to find the way her daughter behaves more a source of amusement than embarrassment.BEINGFar from being embarrassed by her daughter’s behaviour, Mrs Thomas seems to be amused by it.
4, They plan to repair the bridge this weekend.SCHEDULEDThe repair is scheduled to take place this weekend.
From Cambridge CPE 3, 4, 5, 1
Have a go at the following CPE transformations… Remember to use between 3-8 words.
1, The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no one had foreseenHELDThe manufacturing process ______________________________________________ circumstances. 2, The judges gave Delfina the impression that she would win first prize.BELIEVEDelfina ___________________________________ she would win first prize by the judges3, Mrs Thomas seems to find the way her daughter behaves more a source of amusement than embarrassment.BEINGFar ______________________________ behaviour, Mrs Thomas seems to be amused by it. 4, They plan to repair the bridge this weekend.SCHEDULEDThe repair __________________________________ place this weekend.
What do you see as the aim of this exercise? Would you call it a practice exercise?What aspects of the passive might it help learners with? Think about form, meaning and use.What are its limitations? In other words, what aspects does it not deal with?
Have a go at the following CPE transformations… Remember to use between 3-8 words.
Natural Eng Pre Int, Gairns and Redmond OX 172
Ready for FCE , Norris, Macmillan p128
Natural Eng Pre Int, Gairns and Redmond OX 172
New English File Int p141, Oxenden and Lathan Koenig
Ready for FCE , Norris, Macmillan p128Natural Eng Pre Int , Gairns and Redmond OUP p172
New English File Int p141, Oxenden and Lathan Koenig
Ready for FCE , Norris, Macmillan p128Natural Eng Pre Int , Gairns and Redmond OUP p172
The woman took the man to the station.
The man was taken to the station by the woman.
The man was taken to the station by the woman.
The woman took the man to the station.
1, The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no one had foreseenHELDThe manufacturing process ______________________________________________ circumstances. 2, The judges gave Delfina the impression that she would win first prize.BELIEVEDelfina ___________________________________ she would win first prize by the judges3, Mrs Thomas seems to find the way her daughter behaves more a source of amusement than embarrassment.BEINGFar ______________________________ behaviour, Mrs Thomas seems to be amused by it. 4, They plan to repair the bridge the bridge this weekend.SCHEDULEDThe repair __________________________________ place this weekend.
What do you see as the aim of this exercise? Would you call it a practice exercise?What aspects of the passive might it help learners with? Think about form, meaning and use.What are its limitations? In other words, what aspects does it not deal with?
Have a go at the following CPE transformations… Remember to use between 3-8 words.
RandolphQuirk
RandolphQuirk
An approximate _/_ English passive sentences have no expressed agent.
Randolph Quirk et al, A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language (Longman, 1985:164)
RandolphQuirk
An approximate 4/5 English passive sentences have no expressed agent.
Randolph Quirk et al, A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language (Longman, 1985:164)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
HOWAND
WHY?
1, The burglar was arrested last night.
2, Foxes can be found living in the unlikeliest of places.
3, Oh my God! She’s been murdered!
4, ... That unimaginable moment, billions upon billions of years ago, when our universe was created.
5, I regret to inform you that, after long and careful consideration, your application has been rejected.
6, Parent to teacher: I don’t think enough homework is being set.
7, You say you had the flu but you were seen at a matinee performance of Les Miserables with your girlfriend. How do you explain that?
8, John F. Kennedy was assassinated on Friday, 22nd November 1963.
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
PASSIVE TO ACTIVE
1, The burglar was arrested last night.
2, Foxes can be found living in the unlikeliest of places.
3, Oh my God! She’s been murdered!
4, ... That unimaginable moment, billions upon billions of years ago, when our universe was created.
5, I regret to inform you that, after long and careful consideration, your application has been rejected.
6, Parent to teacher: I don’t think enough homework is being set.
7, You say you had the flu but you were seen at a matinee performance of Les Miserables with your girlfriend. How do you explain that?
8, John F. Kennedy was assassinated on Friday, 22nd November 1963.
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
• How do you feel the sentences in each pair differ? Would you say it is more “natural”/”polite”/more likely to occur?• Can you explain why the passive might have been chosen by the speakers/writers of the original sentences?
Hi everyone! Are you enjoying the conference? I particularly enjoyed Lisa’s conditionals session.
Anya, can I ask you something?
Can I join in? Show them my video!
But it IS relevant.
Absolutely. I’m Tom Cruise.
Would anyone like an autograph?
Your mission... Should you choose to accept it...
Is to see how my new video relates to today’s session.
This message will self-destruct in...
5
4
3
2
1
Jejejejeje!
Sorry.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khAlCr2qaj0&feature=related
Yes. Can’t get enough of them.
Hang on... I’m going to change into my
new outfit.
I AM NOT SHORT!
.Ethan Hunt
Do you like my secret agent outfit?
.
SECRET AGENT!
Secret Agent!
.
SECRET AGENT!
Agent Obvious
Secret Agent!
. ??
. ??
Agent Unknown
. I’m not sure
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
.
Agent Not Definite
I’m not sure
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
. D
. Diplomat
Agent Diplomatic(Social Relations Branch)
.
Your secret is safe with me
C
.
Your secret is safe with me
CAgent Confidentiality(Social Relations Branch)
. ?
. ?Agent No
.
It’s all about ....................
C
.
It’s all about ....................
CAgent Context
.
Ummm... This is a bit embarrassing...
F-S
.
Ummm... This is a bit embarrassing...
F-S
Agent Face-Saver (Social Relations Branch)
.
Agent Obvious
Agent Unknown
Agent Not Definite
Agent Diplomatic(Social Relations Branch)
Agent Confidentiality(Social Relations Branch)
Agent No
Agent Context
Agent Face-Saver (Social Relations Branch)
Why?
.
1, The burglar was arrested last night.
.
1, The burglar was arrested last night.
SECRET AGENT!Secret Agent!
.
1, The burglar was arrested last night.
SECRET AGENT!Secret Agent!Agent
Obvious
2, Foxes can be found living in the unlikeliest of places.
.
2, Foxes can be found living in the unlikeliest of places.
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? ?
I’m not sure
.
2, Foxes can be found living in the unlikeliest of places.
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? ?
I’m not sure
Agent Not Definite
3, Oh my God! She’s been murdered!
3, Oh my God! She’s been murdered!
?
?
3, Oh my God! She’s been murdered!
?
?
Agent Unknown
4, ... That unimaginable moment, billions upon billions of years ago, when our universe was created.
4, ... That unimaginable moment, billions upon billions of years ago, when our universe was created.
?
4, ... That unimaginable moment, billions upon billions of years ago, when our universe was created.
?Agent No
4, ... That unimaginable moment, billions upon billions of years ago, when our universe was created.
?Agent No
Secret Agent!
SECRET AGENT!
4, ... That unimaginable moment, billions upon billions of years ago, when our universe was created.
?Agent No
Secret Agent!
SECRET AGENT!Agent Obvious
5, I regret to inform you that, after long and careful consideration, your application has been rejected.
5, I regret to inform you that, after long and careful consideration, your application has been rejected.
.
Diplomat
5, I regret to inform you that, after long and careful consideration, your application has been rejected.
.
Diplomat
Agent Diplomatic(Social Relations Branch)
6, Parent to teacher: I don’t think enough homework is being set.
6, Parent to teacher: I don’t think enough homework is being set.
F-S
Ummm... This is a bit embarrassing...
Ummm... This is a bit embarrassing...
F-S
Agent Face-Saver (Social Relations Branch)
6, Parent to teacher: I don’t think enough homework is being set.
7, You say you had the flu but you were seen at a matinee performance of Les Miserables with your girlfriend. How do you explain that?
7, You say you had the flu but you were seen at a matinee performance of Les Miserables with your girlfriend. How do you explain that?
Your secret is safe with me
C
7, You say you had the flu but you were seen at a matinee performance of Les Miserables with your girlfriend. How do you explain that?
Your secret is safe with meAgent
Confidentiality(Social Relations Branch)
C
8, John F. Kennedy was assassinated on Friday, 23rd November 1963.
8, John F. Kennedy was assassinated on Friday, 22nd November 1963.
It’s all about ....................
C
8, John F. Kennedy was assassinated on Friday, 22nd November 1963.
It’s all about ....................
CAgent Context
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
C
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
IT’S ALL ABOUT
CONTEXTC
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
JOE ORTON
The Orton Diaries
Elsie Orton gave birth to Joe Orton in Leicester in 1933 and Kenneth Halliwell battered him to death in August 1967. He left school at sixteen and went to RADA two years later. He spent six months in prison for defacing library books. In 1964 the BBC broadcast his first play, The Ruffian on the Stair, and West End theatres staged his first full-length piece, Entertaining Mr Sloane, as well as Loot two years later. ITV televised The Epringham Camp in 1966 and the Royal Court staged it in double-bill with The Ruffian on the Stair. They showed his television plays, The Good and Faithful Servant and Funeral Games, posthumously in 1967 and 1968. They didn’t stage his last play, What the Butler Saw, until 1969, though they successfully revived it in 1975 in a season that also included important revivals of Loot and Entertaining Mr Sloane. Studios made these two last plays into successful films. Orton also wrote a screenplay for The Beatles, Up Against it, which nobody ever filmed. Anthony Blond published a novel, Head to Toe, posthumously in 1971. John Lahr edited and Methuen first published The Orton Diaries in 1986.
Joe Orton was born in Leicester in 1933 and was battered to death in August 1967. He left school and went to RADA two years later. He spent six months in prison for defacing library books. In 1964 his first play, The Ruffian on the Stair, was broadcast and his first full-length piece, Entertaining Mr Sloane, was staged in the West End, as was Loot two years later. The Epringham Camp was televised in 1966 and staged at the Royal Court in double-bill with The Ruffian on the Stair. His television plays, The Good and Faithful Servant and Funeral Games, were shown posthumously in 1967 and 1968. His last play, What the Butler Saw, was not staged until 1969, though it was successfully revived in 1975 in a season that also included important revivals of Loot and Entertaining Mr Sloane. These two last plays have been made into successful films. Orton also wrote a screenplay for the Beatles, Up Against It, which was never filmed. A novel, Head to Toe, was published posthumously in 1971. The Orton Diaries (ed. John Lahr) were first published in 1986.
John Lahr (ed.) The Orton Diaries (Methuen, 1998:1)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC COMMENT
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC
What the clauseis about
COMMENT
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC
What the clauseis about
COMMENT
(new) informationabout the topic
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC
Kenneth Halliwell
COMMENT
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC
Kenneth Halliwell
COMMENT
battered him to death in 1967
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC
Kenneth Halliwell
Joe Orton
COMMENT
battered him to death in 1967
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC
Kenneth Halliwell
Joe Orton
COMMENT
battered him to death in 1967
was battered to death in 1967
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC
Kenneth Halliwell
Joe Orton
COMMENT
battered him to death in 1967
was battered to death in 1967
The Orton Diaries
Elsie Orton gave birth to Joe Orton in Leicester in 1933 and Kenneth Halliwell battered him to death in August 1967. He left school at sixteen and went to RADA two years later. He spent six months in prison for defacing library books. In 1964 the BBC broadcast his first play, The Ruffian on the Stair, and West End theatres staged his first full-length piece, Entertaining Mr Sloane, as well as Loot two years later. ITV televised The Epringham Camp in 1966 and the Royal Court staged it in double-bill with The Ruffian on the Stair. They showed his television plays, The Good and Faithful Servant and Funeral Games, posthumously in 1967 and 1968. They didn’t stage his last play, What the Butler Saw, until 1969, though they successfully revived it in 1975 in a season that also included important revivals of Loot and Entertaining Mr Sloane. Studios made these two last plays into successful films. Orton also wrote a screenplay for The Beatles, Up Against it, which nobody ever filmed. Anthony Blond published a novel, Head to Toe, posthumously in 1971. John Lahr edited and Methuen first published The Orton Diaries in 1986.
Joe Orton was born in Leicester in 1933 and was battered to death in August 1967. He left school and went to RADA two years later. He spent six months in prison for defacing library books. In 1964 his first play, The Ruffian on the Stair, was broadcast and his first full-length piece, Entertaining Mr Sloane, was staged in the West End, as was Loot two years later. The Epringham Camp was televised in 1966 and staged at the Royal Court in double-bill with The Ruffian on the Stair. His television plays, The Good and Faithful Servant and Funeral Games, were shown posthumously in 1967 and 1968. His last play, What the Butler Saw, was not staged until 1969, though it was successfully revived in 1975 in a season that also included important revivals of Loot and Entertaining Mr Sloane. These two last plays have been made into successful films. Orton also wrote a screenplay for the Beatles, Up Against It, which was never filmed. A novel, Head to Toe, was published posthumously in 1971. The Orton Diaries (ed. John Lahr) were first published in 1986.
John Lahr (ed.) The Orton Diaries (Methuen, 1998:1)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
The Orton Diaries
Elsie Orton gave birth to Joe Orton in Leicester in 1933 and Kenneth Halliwell battered him to death in August 1967. He left school at sixteen and went to RADA two years later. He spent six months in prison for defacing library books. In 1964 the BBC broadcast his first play, The Ruffian on the Stair, and West End theatres staged his first full-length piece, Entertaining Mr Sloane, as well as Loot two years later. ITV televised The Epringham Camp in 1966 and the Royal Court staged it in double-bill with The Ruffian on the Stair. They showed his television plays, The Good and Faithful Servant and Funeral Games, posthumously in 1967 and 1968. They didn’t stage his last play, What the Butler Saw, until 1969, though they successfully revived it in 1975 in a season that also included important revivals of Loot and Entertaining Mr Sloane. Studios made these two last plays into successful films. Orton also wrote a screenplay for The Beatles, Up Against it, which nobody ever filmed. Anthony Blond published a novel, Head to Toe, posthumously in 1971. John Lahr edited and Methuen first published The Orton Diaries in 1986.
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
The Orton Diaries
Elsie Orton gave birth to Joe Orton in Leicester in 1933 and Kenneth Halliwell battered him to death in August 1967. He left school at sixteen and went to RADA two years later. He spent six months in prison for defacing library books. In 1964 the BBC broadcast his first play, The Ruffian on the Stair, and West End theatres staged his first full-length piece, Entertaining Mr Sloane, as well as Loot two years later. ITV televised The Epringham Camp in 1966 and the Royal Court staged it in double-bill with The Ruffian on the Stair. They showed his television plays, The Good and Faithful Servant and Funeral Games, posthumously in 1967 and 1968. They didn’t stage his last play, What the Butler Saw, until 1969, though they successfully revived it in 1975 in a season that also included important revivals of Loot and Entertaining Mr Sloane. Studios made these two last plays into successful films. Orton also wrote a screenplay for The Beatles, Up Against it, which nobody ever filmed. Anthony Blond published a novel, Head to Toe, posthumously in 1971. John Lahr edited and Methuen first published The Orton Diaries in 1986.
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
The Orton Diaries
Joe Orton was born in Leicester in 1933 and was battered to death in August 1967. He left school and went to RADA two years later. He spent six months in prison for defacing library books. In 1964 his first play, The Ruffian on the Stair, was broadcast and his first full-length piece, Entertaining Mr Sloane, was staged in the West End, as was Loot two years later. The Epringham Camp was televised in 1966 and staged at the Royal Court in double-bill with The Ruffian on the Stair. His television plays, The Good and Faithful Servant and Funeral Games, were shown posthumously in 1967 and 1968. His last play, What the Butler Saw, was not staged until 1969, though it was successfully revived in 1975 in a season that also included important revivals of Loot and Entertaining Mr Sloane. These two last plays have been made into successful films. Orton also wrote a screenplay for the Beatles, Up Against It, which was never filmed. A novel, Head to Toe, was published posthumously in 1971. The Orton Diaries (ed. John Lahr) were first published in 1986.
John Lahr (ed.) The Orton Diaries (Methuen, 1998:1)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
The Orton Diaries
Joe Orton was born in Leicester in 1933 and was battered to death in August 1967. He left school and went to RADA two years later. He spent six months in prison for defacing library books. In 1964 his first play, The Ruffian on the Stair, was broadcast and his first full-length piece, Entertaining Mr Sloane, was staged in the West End, as was Loot two years later. The Epringham Camp was televised in 1966 and staged at the Royal Court in double-bill with The Ruffian on the Stair. His television plays, The Good and Faithful Servant and Funeral Games, were shown posthumously in 1967 and 1968. His last play, What the Butler Saw, was not staged until 1969, though it was successfully revived in 1975 in a season that also included important revivals of Loot and Entertaining Mr Sloane. These two last plays have been made into successful films. Orton also wrote a screenplay for the Beatles, Up Against It, which was never filmed. A novel, Head to Toe, was published posthumously in 1971. The Orton Diaries (ed. John Lahr) were first published in 1986.
John Lahr (ed.) The Orton Diaries (Methuen, 1998:1)
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Joe Orton/He His plays/work
The Orton Diaries
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Joe Orton/He His plays/work
The Orton Diaries
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Joe Orton/He His plays/work
The Orton Diaries
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Joe Orton/He His plays/work
The Orton Diaries
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
TOPIC
Kenneth Halliwell
Joe Orton
COMMENT
battered him to death in 1967
was battered to death in 1967 by Kenneth Halliwell
The passive allows the writer/speaker to TOPICALISE – to choose which entities are the topics of the clauses and thereby ensure that the text is coherent.
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Elsie Orton
A season
Nobody The BBC
West End Theatres
Kenneth Halliwell
They ITV
He (Joe Orton)
Anthony Blond
Studios They
The Royal Court
Methuen
John Lahr Orton
http://www.onestopenglish.com/grammar/grammar-reference/verbs-and-tenses/the-passive-in-english-tips-and-activities/152839.article
George Orwell
http://www.onestopenglish.com/grammar/grammar-reference/verbs-and-tenses/the-passive-in-english-tips-and-activities/152839.article
George Orwell
Never use the passive voice where the active is possible.
http://www.onestopenglish.com/grammar/grammar-reference/verbs-and-tenses/the-passive-in-english-tips-and-activities/152839.article
We have been asked by your home insurers to obtain your written confirmation that all their requirements have been completed by yourself.
http://www.onestopenglish.com/grammar/grammar-reference/verbs-and-tenses/the-passive-in-english-tips-and-activities/152839.article
We have been asked by your home insurers to obtain your written confirmation that all their requirements have been completed by yourself.
Your home insurers have asked us to obtain your written confirmation that you have completed all the documents.
http://www.onestopenglish.com/grammar/grammar-reference/verbs-and-tenses/the-passive-in-english-tips-and-activities/152839.article
As we have seen today, it is necessary to look at the whole text – rather than isolated sentences – to understand the reasons behind the selection of active or passive voice.
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
As we have seen today, it is necessary to look at the whole text – rather than isolated sentences – to understand the reasons behind the selection of active or passive voice.
Your mission, should you choose to accept it...
?
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
As we have seen today, it is necessary to look at the whole text – rather than isolated sentences – to understand the reasons behind the selection of active or passive voice.
What kind of tasks could you create from whole texts/paragraphs with the aim of raising learners’ awareness of when it is appropriate to use the passive?
Your mission, should you choose to accept it...
?
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
The second generation of the Zuccardi family of Mendoza, Argentina own the Santa Julia vineyards. As a tribute to his only daughter, Julia, his wines were named after her by José Alberto Zuccardi . People who work for Zuccardi planted the vineyards on land which was originally desert but which has come to life thanks to pure Andean mountain water. Careful vineyard management ensures perfectly ripe grapes and workers hand-pick this top quality fruit, then vinify it and bottle it in their state-of-the-art winery.
The Viognier grape, originally from the Rhône Valley in France, produces this elegant wine rich in aromas of peach and tropical fruits. Serve chilled as an aperitif or with grilled or fried fish dishes and salads.
Label on a bottle of Santa Julia white wine, 2001
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
The Santa Julia vineyards are owned by the second generation of the Zuccardi family in Mendoza, Argentina. As a tribute to his only daughter, Julia, José Alberto Zuccardi named his wines after her. The vineyards are planted on land which was originally desert but which has come to life thanks to pure Andean mountain water. Careful vineyard management ensures perfectly ripe grapes and this top quality fruit is hand-picked then vinified and bottled in their state-of-the-art winery.
The Viognier grape, originally from the Rhône Valley in France, produces this elegant wine rich in aromas of peach and tropical fruits. Serve chilled as an aperitif or with grilled or fried fish dishes and salads.
Label on a bottle of Santa Julia white wine, 2001
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Topic CommentThe Santa Julia vineyards are owned by the Zuccardi family
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Topic CommentThe Santa Julia vineyards are owned by the Zuccardi family
Jose Alberto Zuccardi named his wines after her
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Topic CommentThe Santa Julia vineyards are owned by the Zuccardi family
Jose Alberto Zuccardi named his wines after her
Careful vineyard management ensures perfectly ripe grapes
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Topic CommentThe Santa Julia vineyards are owned by the Zuccardi family
Jose Alberto Zuccardi named his wines after her
Careful vineyard management ensures perfectly ripe grapes
This top quality fruit is hand-picked, then vinified and bottled
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17286034
A revolution in the wine industry Local producersThe Malbec grape This combination (grape and soil)The soil of ... Mendoza The relationship (grape and soil)The Malbec grape Other grapes (Bonarda, Cabernet The soil Sauvignon, Syrah, Tempranillo)
Today we’ve seen two ways of presenting the passive to learners:
• The passive is derived from the active e.g. transformations.• The passive is distinct from the active.
?
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
?
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
New Advanced Expert CAE, Bell , Gower and Hyde, Longman p19
Today we’ve seen two ways of presenting the passive to learners:
• The passive is derived from the active e.g. transformations.• The passive is distinct from the active.
What are the benefits and drawbacks to learners and teachers? Which would you use? Why?
Your mission, should you choose to accept it...
?
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Look at these sentences, taken from Dave Willis’ article A Lexical Approach p56-7. Which words in bold would you describe as adjectives, and which as past participles?1, I would be very interested to hear an account of your experiences.2, Thank you very much for your detailed letter.3, I think they must have got mixed up.4, A van equipped with a loudspeaker toured the reservoir.5, He was rescued by one of his companions.10, The house was a mess... The windows were broken.11, The windows were broken by the force of the explosion.12, Little Miss Muffet was frightened of spiders.13, Little Miss Muffet was frightened by a spider.
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Look at these sentences, taken from Dave Willis’ article A Lexical Approach p56-7. Which words in bold would you describe as adjectives, and which as past participles?1, I would be very interested to hear an account of your experiences.2, Thank you very much for your detailed letter.3, I think they must have got mixed up.4, A van equipped with a loudspeaker toured the reservoir.5, He was rescued by one of his companions.10, The house was a mess... The windows were broken.11, The windows were broken by the force of the explosion.12, Little Miss Muffet was frightened of spiders.13, Little Miss Muffet was frightened by a spider.
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Look at these sentences, taken from Dave Willis’ article A Lexical Approach p56-7. Which words in bold would you describe as adjectives, and which as past participles?1, I would be very interested to hear an account of your experiences.2, Thank you very much for your detailed letter.3, I think they must have got mixed up.4, A van equipped with a loudspeaker toured the reservoir.5, He was rescued by one of his companions.10, The house was a mess... The windows were broken.11, The windows were broken by the force of the explosion.12, Little Miss Muffet was frightened of spiders.13, Little Miss Muffet was frightened by a spider.
Willis suggests a third approach to teaching the passive: that we should simply treat past participles as predicative adjectives, so the passive does not exisit at all, but it is simply be plus an adjective. For example:
Joe Orton was
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Look at these sentences, taken from Dave Willis’ article A Lexical Approach p56-7. Which words in bold would you describe as adjectives, and which as past participles?1, I would be very interested to hear an account of your experiences.2, Thank you very much for your detailed letter.3, I think they must have got mixed up.4, A van equipped with a loudspeaker toured the reservoir.5, He was rescued by one of his companions.10, The house was a mess... The windows were broken.11, The windows were broken by the force of the explosion.12, Little Miss Muffet was frightened of spiders.13, Little Miss Muffet was frightened by a spider.
Willis suggests a third approach to teaching the passive: that we should simply treat past participles as predicative adjectives, so the passive does not exisit at all, but it is simply be plus an adjective. For example:
Joe Orton was famouscharmingtalentedmurdered
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Look at these sentences, taken from Dave Willis’ article A Lexical Approach p56-7. Which words in bold would you describe as adjectives, and which as past participles?1, I would be very interested to hear an account of your experiences.2, Thank you very much for your detailed letter.3, I think they must have got mixed up.4, A van equipped with a loudspeaker toured the reservoir.5, He was rescued by one of his companions.10, The house was a mess... The windows were broken.11, The windows were broken by the force of the explosion.12, Little Miss Muffet was frightened of spiders.13, Little Miss Muffet was frightened by a spider.
Willis suggests a third approach to teaching the passive: that we should simply treat past participles as predicative adjectives, so the passive does not exisit at all, but it is simply be plus an adjective. For example:
Joe Orton was famouscharmingtalentedmurdered
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
Your mission...
What might be the advantages of this approach? What problems can you foresee? Would you try it? Why/why not?
Look at this data:
Your mission, should you choose to accept it...?
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
% passive verb forms % active verb forms
Academic prose 25 75
Written news texts 15 85
Conversation 2 98
From Douglas Biber et al. The Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English (Longman 1998:476-7)
Look at this data:
How would you explain these findings? What implications, if any, might they have for teachers,coursebook writers and syllabus designers?
Your mission, should you choose to accept it...?
Adapted from the International House Language Awareness Course, Alex Tilbury
% passive verb forms % active verb forms
Academic prose 25 75
Written news texts 15 85
Conversation 2 98
From Douglas Biber et al. The Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English (Longman 1998:476-7)
The passive
Choice
The passive
Choice
Topicalise
The passive
Choice
Topicalise
Distancing
The passive
Choice
Topicalise
Distancing
How
The passive
Choice
Topicalise
Distancing
How
Why
The passive
Choice
Topicalise
Distancing
How
Why
Context
The passive
Choice
Topicalise
Distancing
How
Why
Context
Meaning
The passive
Choice
Topicalise
Distancing
How
Why
Context
Meaning
Use
Thank you and goodbye!
BYE!
Sorry. I couldn’t resist!
BYE!
belgrano@ihbuenosaires-city.com.ar
IH Language Awareness CourseIH Certificate in Teaching Younger LearnersCELTADELTACAECPE
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