academy of ict essentials for government leaders session 6 : current development and issues in...
Post on 25-Dec-2015
213 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Session 6 : Current Development and Issues in Global Internet Governance
Sherly Haristya & ANG Peng Hwa
Nanyang Technological University sherly001@ntu.edu.sg; tphang@ntu.edu.sg
Internet Governance
Organized by UN Asian and Pacific Training Centre for Information and Communication
Technology for Development (UN-APCICT)
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Agenda
Learning Objective: To give an overview of some of the latest developments and issues in global Internet governance.
Learning Outcome: To be aware some of the lat-est developments and issues in global Internet governance.
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Agenda
NETmundialNETmundial InitiativeInternet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
TransitionWorld Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
+10
What are at stakes from the above initiatives and processes.
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Interconnection
The formation of ICANN in 1998
WSIS 2003
The formation of WGIG
WSIS 2005
The formation of IGF
IANA transition
NETmundial
NETmundial Initiative
WSIS +10
Culmination in IGF 2013 – Snowden Revelation
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
NETmundial
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Global Multistakeholder Meeting on the Future of Internet Governance
(NETmundial)
Source: http://www.cpcml.ca/Tmld2014/D44048.htm
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Stage Setting
24 Sept 2013: The speech by Dilma Rousseff at 69th UNGAOct 2013: CEO of ICANN visited Rousseff
7 Oct 2013: Montevideo Statement22-25 Oct 2013: Culmination in IGF Bali, In-
donesiaThe early idea of this meeting was announced here
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Stage Setting
“The reports about large-scale monitoring of Internet traffic and users does disturb us, but we at the IETF
are taking this as a wake-up call.”
“A major issue that has arisen over the past year is that of surveillance of the In-ternet.”
“Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, the growing thread of unwarranted government surveillance across
the globe deserves our attention.”
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Stage Setting
24 Sept 2013: The speech by Dilma Rousseff at 68th UNGAOct 2013: CEO of ICANN visited Rousseff
7 Oct 2013: Montevideo Statement by I* group22-25 Oct 2013: Culmination in IGF Bali, In-
donesiaThe early idea of this meeting was announced here
Dec 2013: The creation of 1net
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Process
1. OrganizersBrazil (through CGI.br - Brazilian Internet Steering
Committee)and …
Source: http://netmundial.br/
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Process
2. The formation of four committees & secretariat
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Process
3. Open call for content contribution 180 contributions from 46 countries
4. The drafting of initial outcome document
5. Online public consultation1370 comments
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Process
6. 23 – 24 Apr 2014: the days1480 stakeholders (incl. remote participation) from 97
nationsOpen mic and remote participationFinal text revision
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
NETmundial – The Days
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Networks of Civil Society
The Internet Governance Civil Society Co-ordi-nation Group (CSCG) – “coalition of coalitions”:Internet Governance CaucusAssociation for Progressive CommunicationsBest BitsNon-Commercial Stakeholder Group (NCSG) Diplo FoundationJust Net CoalitionCivicusIndependent Chair: Ian Peter
Since 2013
Since 2014
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Pre-NETmundial Civil Society Coordination Meeting
Source: https://internetrightsandprinciples.wordpress.com/tag/netmundial/
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Pre-NETmundial Civil Society Coordination MeetingParticipants:
Over 90 civil society groups from around the world
Aims: To facilitate civil society viewsTo feed them into discussions at NETmundial & beyond
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Pre-NETmundial Civil Society Coordination MeetingAgenda:
To set points of consensusTo discuss strategic actionTo distill key messages:
Human rightsOpen, decentralized, & interoperable web architec-
tureOpen, inclusive, democratic, & decentralized multi-
stakeholder model of Internet governance
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The NETmundial Document
The output is a nonbinding document.The meeting was initiated as a response to the
revelation of mass surveillance, but the output covers more than surveillance issue.
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The NETmundial Document
Summary of the document:Internet Governance Principles
Human Rights & Shared Values: 6 points Internet InfrastructureInternet Governance Process Principles: 11 pointsOpen Standards
Protection of IntermediariesCulture and Language DiversityUnified and Unfragmented SpaceSecurity, Stability and Resilience
of the InternetOpen and Distributed ArchitectureEnabling Environment for Sus-
tainable Innovation and Creativity
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The NETmundial Document
Summary of the document:Roadmap for the Future Evolution of the Internet
GovernanceI. Issues that deserve attention of all stakeholders in
the future evolution of Internet governanceII. Issues dealing with institutional improvementsIII. Issues dealing with specific Internet Governance
topicsIV. Points to be further discussed beyond NETmundialV. Way Forward
The need to retain the focus on development in the In-ternet governance ecosys-tem
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Legitimacy of NETmundial
To the large extent:A watershed moment Successful celebration of MS modelDeveloping new approach in global policy making
The criticisms of the status quo of the IGF con-tributed to the above views.
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Legitimacy of NETmundial
Some countriesChina, India, and Russia disagreed with the multi-
stakeholder approach adopted at the NETmundial.
(India however currently posted a video supported multi-stakeholder approach in ICANN 53 meeting)
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Legitimacy of NETmundial
Two different responses from civil society:Appreciating NETmundial multi-stakeholder processSeeking for stronger text
Source: http://tinyurl.com/pq62pb2Source: http://tinyurl.com/q6sk7uc
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Summary
NETmundial shows the workability of multi-stake-holder approach in the global Internet governanceWorldwide stakeholders could come up with statements
that can be agreed upon
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Exercise
In many parts of the world, civil society groups are pushing to limit the government’s role in surveil-lance. What are your views of surveillance in Iran?
Should/can surveillance by the US Government be limited by some form of international agreement?
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
NETmundial
Initiative (NMI)
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Brief Background of NMI
Three initiatorsICANN, World Economic Forum (WEF), CGI.br
Mission“To provide a platform that helps catalyze practical
cooperation between all stakeholders in order to ad-dress Internet issues and advance the implementation of the NETmundial Principle”
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
NMI’s Scope of Activities
NMI is to complement the work of IGFNMI is not a policy-making body
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
NMI’s Scope of Activities
Activities of NMI1. Promote the NETmundial Principles
2. Impartial clearinghouse for Internet governance re-lated information
3. Platform for collaborative relationships
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
NMI’s Scope of Activities
Activities of NMI4. Collaborative processes to address challenges as id
entified by community
5. Facilitate participation of stakeholders from developing world, and advance multistakeholder processes
at global, regional, and national levels
6. Assist stakeholders from developing country to address gaps in policy development
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Brief Background of NMI
Relaunched due to criticisms for lacking of transparency and inclusion:ISOCJust Net CoalitionInternet Governance Civil Society Coordination Group
(CSCG)
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Criticisms
ISOC:… there is no single, global platform that can serve to coordinate, organize or govern all the Internet issues that may arise…
… the Internet Society cannot agree to participate in or endorse the Coordination Council for the NETmundial Ini-tiative…
… the NETmundial Initiative is being formed does not ap-pear to be consistent with the Internet Society’s long-standing principles, including: bottom-up orientation, decen-tralized, open, transparent, accountable, multi-stakeholder.
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Criticisms
Just Net Coalition:This is the first time that such a corporate-led venue – although sold as “multistakeholder”, “open”, and “voluntary” … is posi-tioned as being 'the' mechanism for global governance in a specific sector…
The Just Net Coalition rejects firmly and forcefully the transfer of global governance prerogatives to corporate led initiatives such as the NMI, because such initiatives are not consistent with democracy.
We appeal to the large section of Internet governance civil society that has consented to participate in the WEF's NetMundial Initiative to withdraw from supporting corporate-led governance models …
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Criticisms
CSCGIn the end we have decided to facilitate the involvement of those from civil society who do wish to apply for membership of the Coor-dination Council,
while acknowledging…and respecting that our colleagues from Just Net Coalition have taken that position and will not be partici-pating with us in this exercise.
Although we will work with the NETmundial Initiative’s organising partners…, we also outline five simple conditions that we believe representatives are likely to affirm…
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Current Development
The Coordination Council of the NMI (NMI.CC)23 members (5 continents & 4 stakeholder
groups)
30 June 15: Meeting of NMI.CCElected five Co-Chairs
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Co-Chairs
Jack Ma – Alibaba's CEO
Fadi Chehade – ICANN’s CEO
Source: https://www.netmundial.org/council
Virgilio Almeida – Brazilian's Minister
Eileen Donahoe – Human Rights
Watch
Marilia Maciel – Center of Techno-logy and Society
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
The Current Development
30 June 15: Meeting of NMI.CC adopted key documents:Terms of Reference (ToR)
This document most importantly covers the scope of activ-ities of the initiative
Council's Governance and Operational Framework
This document arranges “the role, responsibilities, and working methods of the Council and its members.”
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Some Initiative Submissions
Solutions Map Friends of the IGFDeliberative Polling on Internet Governance
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Summary
The NMI uncovers the so called multi-stake-holder approach.
There are needs and interests:to move from Internet governance principles into real
actionsto address the gap between global, regional, and na-
tional Internet governance efforts.
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Exercise: Participation in Global IG
Should Iran participate in the global Internet governance efforts at this time?
What are the benefits of participating?What are the disadvantages of not participating?
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
IANA Transition
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
Structural Overview – Current Contract
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
ICANN
ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers):1970s: ARPANet research project (US government
funded Department of Defense network)1998: US Department of Commerce created ICANN
as a private non-profit organization under California law
Academy of ICT Essentials for Government Leaders
NTIA
National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) is an agency of the US Department of Commerce.
NTIA currently contracts with ICANN to carry out IANA functions.
NTIA performs a process check before authoriz-ing changes to the authoritative root zone file.
top related