a quick start on zend framework 2

A quick start onZend Framework 2

by Enrico Zimuel (enrico@zend.com)

Senior Software EngineerZend Framework Core TeamZend Technologies Ltd

19th May 2012 Verona (Italy)

• Enrico Zimuel (@ezimuel)

• Software Engineer since 1996– Assembly x86, C/C++, Java, Perl, PHP

• PHP Engineer at Zend in the Zend

Framework Core Team

• International speaker about PHP and

computer security topics

• Co-author of the italian book

“PHP Best practices” (FAG edizioni)

• Co-founder of the PUG Torino

About me

ZF2 in a slide

● New architecture (MVC, Di, Events)● Requirement: PHP 5.3.3● No more CLA (Contributor License Agreement)

● Git (GitHub) instead of SVN● Better performance (new autoload)● Module support● Packaging system (pyrus)

A new core

● The ZF1 way:

▶ Singleton, Registry, and Hard-Coded Dependencies

● The ZF2 approach:

▶ Aspect Oriented Design and Dependency Injection

New architectural approach

● Methodologies used in the development

– Decoupling (Zend\Di)

– Event driven (Zend\EventManager)

– Standard classes (Zend\Stdlib)● Take advantage of PHP 5.3

▶ Namespace▶ Lambda Functions and Closures▶ Better performance

Releases

● ZF2.0.0beta4 next week!● Goal:

▶ beta5 on June▶ ZF 2.0 RC this summer!!!

Autoloading

● No more require_once calls!

● Multiple approaches:

– ZF1-style include_path autoloader

– Per-namespace/prefix autoloading

– Class-map autoloading

ZF1-Style

require_once 'Zend/Loader/StandardAutoloader.php';

$loader = new Zend\Loader\StandardAutoloader(array( 'fallback_autoloader' => true,));

$loader->register();

ZF2 NS/Prefix

require_once 'Zend/Loader/StandardAutoloader.php';

$loader = new Zend\Loader\StandardAutoloader();

$loader->registerNamespace( 'My', __DIR__ . '/../library/My') ->registerPrefix( 'Foo_', __DIR__ . '/../library/Foo');

ZF2 Class-Map

return array( 'My\Foo\Bar' => __DIR__ . '/Foo/Bar.php',);

require_once 'Zend/Loader/ClassMapAutoloader.php';

$loader = new Zend\Loader\ClassMapAutoloader();

$loader->registerAutoloadMap( __DIR__ . '/../library/.classmap.php');

.classmap.php

Classmap generator

● How to generate the .classmap.php?We provided a command line tool: bin/classmap_generator.php

● Usage is trivial:

$ cd your/library$ php /path/to/classmap_generator.php -w

● Class-Map will be created in .classmap.php

Performance improvement

● Compared with the ZF1 autoloader

▶ Class-Maps

show a 25-85% improvement

▶ Namespaces/prefixes

shows 10-40% improvement

Note: The new autoloading system of ZF2 has been ported to ZF 1.12

Dependency Injection

Zend\Di

● Supports the 3 different injection patterns:

– Constructor

– Interface

– Setter

● Implements a Di Container:

– Manage the dependencies using configuration and annotation

– Provide a compiler to autodiscover classes in a path and create the class definitions, for dependencies

Example

class Bar{ … }

class Foo{ protected $bar; … public function setBar(Bar $bar) { $this->bar = $bar; } …}

Sample definition

$definition = array( 'Foo' => array( 'setBar' => array( 'bar' => array( 'type' => 'Bar', 'required' => true, ), ), ), );

Using the Di container

use Zend\Di\Di, Zend\Di\Configuration; $di = new Di; $config = new Configuration(array( 'definition' => array('class' => $definition) )); $config->configure($di); $foo = $di->get('Foo'); // contains Bar!

Di by annotation

use Zend\Di\Definition\Annotation as Di;

class Foo { protected $bar; /** * @Di\Inject() */ public function setBar(Bar $bar){ $this->bar = $bar; } }

class Bar { ... }

Di by annotation (2)

$compiler = new Zend\Di\Definition\CompilerDefinition();$compiler->addDirectory('File path of Foo and Bar');$compiler->compile();

$definitions = new Zend\Di\DefinitionList($compiler);$di = new Zend\Di\Di($definitions);

$baz = $di->get('Foo'); // contains Bar!

More use cases of Zend\Di:

https://github.com/ralphschindler/zf2-di-use-cases

Event Manager

● An Event Manager is an object that aggregates listeners for one or more named events, and which triggers events.

● A Listener is a callback that can react to an event.

● An Event is an action.

Example

use Zend\EventManager\EventManager;

$events = new EventManager();$events->attach('do', function($e) { $event = $e->getName(); $params = $e->getParams(); printf( 'Handled event “%s”, with parameters %s', $event, json_encode($params) );});$params = array('foo' => 'bar', 'baz' => 'bat');$events->trigger('do', null, $params);

Event driven architecture

● Everything is an event in the MVC architecture of ZF2

“A module is a collection of code and other files that solves a more specific atomic

problem of the larger business problem.” (from the ZF2 RFC)

Module definition

Module for ZF2

● The basic unit in a ZF2 applicationis a Module

● Modules are “Plug and play” technology● Modules are simple:

▶ A namespace▶ Containing a single classfile: Module.php

Quick startZend Skeleton Application

Zend Skeleton Application

● A simple, skeleton application using the new MVC layer and the module system

● Github:▶ git clone --recursive

git://github.com/zendframework/ZendSkeletonApplication.git

● This project makes use of Git submodules

● Ready for ZF2.0.0beta4

Folder's tree

config

module

public

vendor

Config folder

config

autoload

application.config.php

module

public

vendor

Data folder

config

module

public

vendor

Module folder

moduleApplication

configmodule.config.php

srcApplication

ControllerIndexController.php

viewindex

index.phtmlModule.phpautoload_classmap.phpautoload_functions.phpautoload_registers.php

Name of the module

Public folder

public

images

.htaccess

index.php

Vendor folder

config

module

public

vendor

ZendFramework

.htaccess

RewriteEngine OnRewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -s [OR]RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l [OR]RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -dRewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L]RewriteRule ^.*$ index.php [NC,L]

index.php

chdir(dirname(__DIR__));require_once (getenv('ZF2_PATH') ?: 'vendor/ZF/library') . '/Zend/Loader/AutoloaderFactory.php';

use Zend\Loader\AutoloaderFactory, Zend\ServiceManager\ServiceManager, Zend\Mvc\Service\ServiceManagerConfiguration;

AutoloaderFactory::factory();$config = include 'config/application.config.php';

$serviceManager = new ServiceManager(new ServiceManagerConfiguration($config['service_manager']));$serviceManager->setService('ApplicationConfiguration', $config);$serviceManager->get('ModuleManager')->loadModules();

$serviceManager->get('Application')->bootstrap()->run()->send();

return array( 'modules' => array( 'Application', ), 'module_listener_options' => array( 'config_cache_enabled' => false, 'cache_dir' => 'data/cache', 'module_paths' => array( './module', './vendor', ), ), 'service_manager' => array( 'use_defaults' => true, 'factories' => array(), ),);

application.config.php

Module.phpnamespace Application;

class Module{ public function getAutoloaderConfig() { return array( 'Zend\Loader\ClassMapAutoloader' => array( __DIR__ . '/autoload_classmap.php', ), 'Zend\Loader\StandardAutoloader' => array( 'namespaces' => array( __NAMESPACE__ => __DIR__ . '/src/' . __NAMESPACE__, ), ), ); }

public function getConfig() { return include __DIR__ . '/config/module.config.php'; }}

autoload_classmap.php

return array(

'Application\Controller\IndexController' =>

__DIR__ . '/src/Application/Controller/IndexController.php',

'Application\Module' =>

__DIR__ . '/Module.php',

module.config.phpreturn array( 'router' => array( 'routes' => array( 'default' => array( 'type' => 'Zend\Mvc\Router\Http\Segment', 'options' => array( 'route' => '/[:controller[/:action]]', 'constraints' => array( 'controller' => '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*', 'action' => '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*', ), 'defaults' => array( 'controller' => 'IndexController', 'action' => 'index', ),),), 'home' => array( 'type' => 'Zend\Mvc\Router\Http\Literal', 'options' => array( 'route' => '/', 'defaults' => array( 'controller' => 'IndexController', 'action' => 'index', ),),),),),

module.config.php (2) 'controller' => array( 'classes' => array( 'IndexController' => 'Application\Controller\IndexController' ), ), 'view_manager' => array( 'display_not_found_reason' => true, 'display_exceptions' => true, 'doctype' => 'HTML5', 'not_found_template' => 'error/404', 'exception_template' => 'error/index', 'template_map' => array( 'layout/layout' => __DIR__ . '/../view/layout/layout.phtml', 'index/index' => __DIR__ . '/../view/index/index.phtml', 'error/404' => __DIR__ . '/../view/error/404.phtml', 'error/index' => __DIR__ . '/../view/error/index.phtml', ), 'template_path_stack' => array( 'application' => __DIR__ . '/../view', ), ),);

IndexController.php

namespace Application\Controller;

use Zend\Mvc\Controller\ActionController, Zend\View\Model\ViewModel;

class IndexController extends ActionController{ public function indexAction() { return new ViewModel(); }}

Packaging system

Source package

● http://packages.zendframework.com/

● Download or use pyrus, a PEAR2 installer

● Pyrus packages:

▶ Pyrus setup▶ wget http://packages.zendframework.com/pyrus.phar▶ pyrus.phar .▶ pyrus.phar . channeldiscover packages.zendframework.com

▶ Install a Zend_<component>▶ pyrus.phar . install zf2/Zend_<component>

From ZF1 to ZF2

Migrate to ZF2

● Goal: migrate without rewriting much code!● Main steps

– Namespace: Zend_Foo => Zend\Foo

– Exceptions: an Interface for each components, no more Zend_Exception

– Autoloading: 3 options (one is ZF1)

– MVC: module, event based, dispatchable

– DB: new Zend\Db

– Form: new Zend\Form

ZF1 migration prototype

● Source code: http://bit.ly/pvc0X1● Creates a "Zf1Compat" version of the ZF1 dispatcher

as an event listener.● The bootstrap largely mimics how ZF1's

Zend_Application bootstrap works.● The default route utilizes the new ZF2 MVC routing,

but mimics what ZF1 provided

How to contribute

We want you!

● How to contribute:

▶ Write code▶ Documentation▶ Testing▶ Feedbacks/comments

https://github.com/zendframework/zf2

Helping out

● http://framework.zend.com/zf2● http://github.com/zendframework● https://github.com/zendframework/ZendSkeletonApplication

● Getting Started with Zend Framework 2by Rob Allen, http://www.akrabat.com

● Weekly IRC meetings (#zf2-meeting on Freenode)● #zftalk.2 on Freenode IRC

Thank you!

● Vote this talk:

▶ https://joind.in/6384● Comments and feedbacks:

▶ enrico@zend.com

a quick start on zend framework 2

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