a quick start on zend framework 2

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A quick start onZend Framework 2

by Enrico Zimuel ([email protected])

Senior Software EngineerZend Framework Core TeamZend Technologies Ltd

19th May 2012 Verona (Italy)

mailto:[email protected]


• Enrico Zimuel (@ezimuel)

• Software Engineer since 1996– Assembly x86, C/C++, Java, Perl, PHP

• PHP Engineer at Zend in the Zend

Framework Core Team

• International speaker about PHP and

computer security topics

• Co-author of the italian book

“PHP Best practices” (FAG edizioni)

• Co-founder of the PUG Torino

About me

http://www.phpbestpractices.it/

http://torino.grusp.org/


ZF2 in a slide

● New architecture (MVC, Di, Events)● Requirement: PHP 5.3.3● No more CLA (Contributor License Agreement)

● Git (GitHub) instead of SVN● Better performance (new autoload)● Module support● Packaging system (pyrus)


A new core

● The ZF1 way:

▶ Singleton, Registry, and Hard-Coded Dependencies

● The ZF2 approach:

▶ Aspect Oriented Design and Dependency Injection


New architectural approach

● Methodologies used in the development

– Decoupling (Zend\Di)

– Event driven (Zend\EventManager)

– Standard classes (Zend\Stdlib)● Take advantage of PHP 5.3

▶ Namespace▶ Lambda Functions and Closures▶ Better performance


Releases

● ZF2.0.0beta4 next week!● Goal:

▶ beta5 on June▶ ZF 2.0 RC this summer!!!


Autoloading


Autoloading

● No more require_once calls!

● Multiple approaches:

– ZF1-style include_path autoloader

– Per-namespace/prefix autoloading

– Class-map autoloading


ZF1-Style

require_once 'Zend/Loader/StandardAutoloader.php';

$loader = new Zend\Loader\StandardAutoloader(array( 'fallback_autoloader' => true,));

$loader->register();


ZF2 NS/Prefix

require_once 'Zend/Loader/StandardAutoloader.php';

$loader = new Zend\Loader\StandardAutoloader();

$loader->registerNamespace( 'My', __DIR__ . '/../library/My') ->registerPrefix( 'Foo_', __DIR__ . '/../library/Foo');



ZF2 Class-Map

return array( 'My\Foo\Bar' => __DIR__ . '/Foo/Bar.php',);

require_once 'Zend/Loader/ClassMapAutoloader.php';

$loader = new Zend\Loader\ClassMapAutoloader();

$loader->registerAutoloadMap( __DIR__ . '/../library/.classmap.php');


.classmap.php


Classmap generator

● How to generate the .classmap.php?We provided a command line tool: bin/classmap_generator.php

● Usage is trivial:

$ cd your/library$ php /path/to/classmap_generator.php -w

● Class-Map will be created in .classmap.php


Performance improvement

● Compared with the ZF1 autoloader

▶ Class-Maps

show a 25-85% improvement

▶ Namespaces/prefixes

shows 10-40% improvement

Note: The new autoloading system of ZF2 has been ported to ZF 1.12


Dependency Injection


Zend\Di

● Supports the 3 different injection patterns:

– Constructor

– Interface

– Setter

● Implements a Di Container:

– Manage the dependencies using configuration and annotation

– Provide a compiler to autodiscover classes in a path and create the class definitions, for dependencies


Example

class Bar{ … }

class Foo{ protected $bar; … public function setBar(Bar $bar) { $this->bar = $bar; } …}


Sample definition

$definition = array( 'Foo' => array( 'setBar' => array( 'bar' => array( 'type' => 'Bar', 'required' => true, ), ), ), );


Using the Di container

use Zend\Di\Di, Zend\Di\Configuration; $di = new Di; $config = new Configuration(array( 'definition' => array('class' => $definition) )); $config->configure($di); $foo = $di->get('Foo'); // contains Bar!


Di by annotation

use Zend\Di\Definition\Annotation as Di;

class Foo { protected $bar; /** * @Di\Inject() */ public function setBar(Bar $bar){ $this->bar = $bar; } }

class Bar { ... }


Di by annotation (2)

$compiler = new Zend\Di\Definition\CompilerDefinition();$compiler->addDirectory('File path of Foo and Bar');$compiler->compile();

$definitions = new Zend\Di\DefinitionList($compiler);$di = new Zend\Di\Di($definitions);

$baz = $di->get('Foo'); // contains Bar!

More use cases of Zend\Di:

https://github.com/ralphschindler/zf2-di-use-cases

https://github.com/ralphschindler/zf2-di-use-cases


Event Manager


Event Manager

● An Event Manager is an object that aggregates listeners for one or more named events, and which triggers events.

● A Listener is a callback that can react to an event.

● An Event is an action.


Example

use Zend\EventManager\EventManager;

$events = new EventManager();$events->attach('do', function($e) { $event = $e->getName(); $params = $e->getParams(); printf( 'Handled event “%s”, with parameters %s', $event, json_encode($params) );});$params = array('foo' => 'bar', 'baz' => 'bat');$events->trigger('do', null, $params);


MVC


Event driven architecture

● Everything is an event in the MVC architecture of ZF2


“A module is a collection of code and other files that solves a more specific atomic

problem of the larger business problem.” (from the ZF2 RFC)

Module definition


Module for ZF2

● The basic unit in a ZF2 applicationis a Module

● Modules are “Plug and play” technology● Modules are simple:

▶ A namespace▶ Containing a single classfile: Module.php


Quick startZend Skeleton Application


Zend Skeleton Application

● A simple, skeleton application using the new MVC layer and the module system

● Github:▶ git clone --recursive

git://github.com/zendframework/ZendSkeletonApplication.git

● This project makes use of Git submodules

● Ready for ZF2.0.0beta4


Folder's tree

config

data

module

public

vendor


Config folder

config

autoload

application.config.php

data

module

public

vendor


Data folder

config

data

cache

module

public

vendor


Module folder

moduleApplication

configmodule.config.php

srcApplication

ControllerIndexController.php

viewindex

index.phtmlModule.phpautoload_classmap.phpautoload_functions.phpautoload_registers.php

Name of the module


Public folder

public

images

js

css

.htaccess

index.php


Vendor folder

config

data

module

public

vendor

ZendFramework


.htaccess

RewriteEngine OnRewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -s [OR]RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l [OR]RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -dRewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L]RewriteRule ^.*$ index.php [NC,L]


index.php

chdir(dirname(__DIR__));require_once (getenv('ZF2_PATH') ?: 'vendor/ZF/library') . '/Zend/Loader/AutoloaderFactory.php';

use Zend\Loader\AutoloaderFactory, Zend\ServiceManager\ServiceManager, Zend\Mvc\Service\ServiceManagerConfiguration;

AutoloaderFactory::factory();$config = include 'config/application.config.php';

$serviceManager = new ServiceManager(new ServiceManagerConfiguration($config['service_manager']));$serviceManager->setService('ApplicationConfiguration', $config);$serviceManager->get('ModuleManager')->loadModules();

$serviceManager->get('Application')->bootstrap()->run()->send();


return array( 'modules' => array( 'Application', ), 'module_listener_options' => array( 'config_cache_enabled' => false, 'cache_dir' => 'data/cache', 'module_paths' => array( './module', './vendor', ), ), 'service_manager' => array( 'use_defaults' => true, 'factories' => array(), ),);

application.config.php


Module.phpnamespace Application;

class Module{ public function getAutoloaderConfig() { return array( 'Zend\Loader\ClassMapAutoloader' => array( __DIR__ . '/autoload_classmap.php', ), 'Zend\Loader\StandardAutoloader' => array( 'namespaces' => array( __NAMESPACE__ => __DIR__ . '/src/' . __NAMESPACE__, ), ), ); }

public function getConfig() { return include __DIR__ . '/config/module.config.php'; }}


autoload_classmap.php

return array(

'Application\Controller\IndexController' =>

__DIR__ . '/src/Application/Controller/IndexController.php',

'Application\Module' =>

__DIR__ . '/Module.php',

);


module.config.phpreturn array( 'router' => array( 'routes' => array( 'default' => array( 'type' => 'Zend\Mvc\Router\Http\Segment', 'options' => array( 'route' => '/[:controller[/:action]]', 'constraints' => array( 'controller' => '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*', 'action' => '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*', ), 'defaults' => array( 'controller' => 'IndexController', 'action' => 'index', ),),), 'home' => array( 'type' => 'Zend\Mvc\Router\Http\Literal', 'options' => array( 'route' => '/', 'defaults' => array( 'controller' => 'IndexController', 'action' => 'index', ),),),),),


module.config.php (2) 'controller' => array( 'classes' => array( 'IndexController' => 'Application\Controller\IndexController' ), ), 'view_manager' => array( 'display_not_found_reason' => true, 'display_exceptions' => true, 'doctype' => 'HTML5', 'not_found_template' => 'error/404', 'exception_template' => 'error/index', 'template_map' => array( 'layout/layout' => __DIR__ . '/../view/layout/layout.phtml', 'index/index' => __DIR__ . '/../view/index/index.phtml', 'error/404' => __DIR__ . '/../view/error/404.phtml', 'error/index' => __DIR__ . '/../view/error/index.phtml', ), 'template_path_stack' => array( 'application' => __DIR__ . '/../view', ), ),);


IndexController.php

namespace Application\Controller;

use Zend\Mvc\Controller\ActionController, Zend\View\Model\ViewModel;

class IndexController extends ActionController{ public function indexAction() { return new ViewModel(); }}


Packaging system


Source package

● http://packages.zendframework.com/

● Download or use pyrus, a PEAR2 installer

● Pyrus packages:

▶ Pyrus setup▶ wget http://packages.zendframework.com/pyrus.phar▶ pyrus.phar .▶ pyrus.phar . channeldiscover packages.zendframework.com

▶ Install a Zend_<component>▶ pyrus.phar . install zf2/Zend_<component>

http://packages.zendframework.com/

http://packages.zendframework.com/pyrus.phar


From ZF1 to ZF2


Migrate to ZF2

● Goal: migrate without rewriting much code!● Main steps

– Namespace: Zend_Foo => Zend\Foo

– Exceptions: an Interface for each components, no more Zend_Exception

– Autoloading: 3 options (one is ZF1)

– MVC: module, event based, dispatchable

– DB: new Zend\Db

– Form: new Zend\Form


ZF1 migration prototype

● Source code: http://bit.ly/pvc0X1● Creates a "Zf1Compat" version of the ZF1 dispatcher

as an event listener.● The bootstrap largely mimics how ZF1's

Zend_Application bootstrap works.● The default route utilizes the new ZF2 MVC routing,

but mimics what ZF1 provided

http://bit.ly/pvc0X1


How to contribute


We want you!

● How to contribute:

▶ Write code▶ Documentation▶ Testing▶ Feedbacks/comments

https://github.com/zendframework/zf2


Helping out

● http://framework.zend.com/zf2● http://github.com/zendframework● https://github.com/zendframework/ZendSkeletonApplication

● Getting Started with Zend Framework 2by Rob Allen, http://www.akrabat.com

● Weekly IRC meetings (#zf2-meeting on Freenode)● #zftalk.2 on Freenode IRC

http://framework.zend.com/zf2

http://github.com/zendframework

https://github.com/zendframework/ZendSkeletonApplication

http://www.akrabat.com/


Thank you!

● Vote this talk:

▶ https://joind.in/6384● Comments and feedbacks:

▶ [email protected]

https://joind.in/6384

mailto:[email protected]

a quick start on zend framework 2

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