5 things a good photographer need to know

Five ThingsA Good

PHOTOGRAPHER

Need To KnowInma Castañón Rodríguez

Alicia Casado DelgadoSeila Borrella Mendo

1.EQUIPMENT 2.GENDER 3.LIGHTING

Presentation

Presentation 4.COMPOSITION 5.TREATMENT

1.EQUIPMENTCHOSE YOUR CAMERA

•We can use compact cameras, ultra zoom cameras and reflex cameras for each situation.

1.EQUIPMENTKNOW YOUR CAMERA

•We can differentiate two basics parts of our camera: Body and Lens.

•We can adjust parameter like depth of field, diaphragm aperture(IRIS), shutter or photographic sensitivity (ISO) more exactly in reflex camera than compact camera.

1.EQUIPMENTDEPTH OF FIELD

•It is the space in front an behind focus point. We can get more depth of field with less diaphragm aperture or with short lens.

1.EQUIPMENTSHUTTER

•We can play with shutter time of camera. This will influence at the time shutter is open and at the time the light entering the sensor.

1.EQUIPMENTISO

•This is the sensitivity photographic to light, high sensitivity almost always means loss of quality.

1.EQUIPMENTTHE LENS

•We need to know what kind of photographies we want to do, then we will use the appropriate lens.

• We may choose between zoom lenses with different focal lengths and prime lenses more quality.

1.EQUIPMENTWIDE ANGLE LENS

•We usually use wide angle lens for landscape photograph or to enlarge small places.

1.EQUIPMENTFISHEYE LENS

•We can use fisheye lens to show more angle of the image, and we will create interesting deformations.

1.EQUIPMENTDIFFERENCE BETWEEN FISHEYED LENS AND WIDE ANGLE LENS

1.EQUIPMENTTELE LENS

•If we want capt something remote, we will use tele lens, we will catch anything.

1.EQUIPMENTMACRO LENS

•With a macro lens we could photograph very small or very near objects.

1.EQUIPMENT FILTERS

•It is fundamental put to our lens a protective filter, this avoids that it breaks. For example we can use a ultraviolet filter.

1.EQUIPMENTLENS HOOD AND REFLECTOR

•If we not want unnecessary flashes, we will use a lens hood, so we have a good lighting even the sunlight was very direct.

•For greater control of light it is essential to have a reflector.

1.EQUIPMENTTRIPOD

•At night we have a bad light condition, then we need a tripod. But we can use this for another moments, for example when we want capture the movement, and we use a slower shutter speed.

1.EQUIPMENTMEMORY CARD

•You will need to save your photographs, so you will must buy a memory card. How much more capacity has, you can save more photos.

1.EQUIPMENTCAMERA CASE

•One of the most important things. We must have a good camera case!, so we can carry it everywhere.

1.EQUIPMENTTRIGGERTRAP

•If we make a self portrait, we are probably going to need a trigger. We will be able to shoot from far away.

1.EQUIPMENTAQUATIC CASE

•The underwater photography is great, you will do portraits of the most unimaginable fish.

2. GENDER1-journal photography: the image exposes an event and is often accompanied by an information sheet, article …

2- Sports photography: It would be one that captures the essence of the sport.

2. GENDER3-Portrait:It is the representation of the human body, either whole body or just the face.

4-Landscape: It is the photograph of natural or urban spaces, or some elements of these.

2. GENDER5-Scientific photography is intended to obtain valuable information as images for research or process control.

6-fashion photography: the main means of distributing new collections of clothes and accessories.

3. LIGHTING

•We can use daylight in the most cases, but we can also to create a variety of scenes with differents light. We can use ligth as we want.

3. LIGHTING

•We can create artificial light with differents spotlights. We have two main types: LED or Halogen.

3. LIGHTING

•We can play with different wave frequencies to get several kinds of light and color temperature.

3.LIGHTING

•It is important that we place right projectors for every situation. We must know how to direct the light. (Headlight, fill light, backlight…).

3.LIGHTING

•We have light panels that produce a very bright light similar to daylight. (About 5000 degrees kelvin).

3.LIGHTING

•We have Fresnel projector light too, with it, we use the phenomenon of refraction and create a more scattered light.

3.LIGHTING

•We use spotlight when we want a more concentrated light.

3.LIGHTING

•We can also create colored lights using color filters. We will have a variety of environments.

3.LIGHTING

•But we can use flash too, we can get very good pictures with a good flash and it is easy to transport.

3.LIGHTING

•We must think the different color temperatures for each scene, then we can make white balance, which would balance the color correctly from white without produce color cast.

4. COMPOSITIONCompose an image: it is to order the elements of it to covery a sense of totality, which form a stable visual structure. There are many rules of composition, among which are:

1- The rule of thirds: this rule divides an image in nine equal parts and recommends using the intersection points of these lines to distribute the objects in the scene.

4. COMPOSITION2- Horizon law: in the frame should be drawn, imagination, three horizontal lines of equal width and the main reason should occupy two bands of the frame

4. COMPOSITION3- Look law: any person, animal or thing in the frame must have more free space to the front than the back.

5. TREATMENTDigital processing is the process where the brightness, contrast, colour and size are modified.It is used to convey different feelings or make a part of the picture more interesting or cover.

Tonality is the predominant colour in the picture Brightness is the amount of light and darkness that has the tone of the picture

5. TREATMENTSaturation is the grade of colour purity. Contrast is the difference of intensity between When the picture is less saturated it has a blacks and whites. When there is little differencewide range of greys. between them, we say the picture has a little contrast.

5. DIGITAL TREATMENTThe mixture of these elements will make an picture completely different.In addition with editing programs we can combine photos to create a collage.We can overlap the photos or duplicate and create abstracts forms.

5. DIGITAL TREATMENTThe most popular digital process is used in model of fashion magazines.

Now it is criticized because it creates idealized women.It is normally used to remove all imperfections and to make the model looks as best as possible.