4 th nine weeks study guide

4th nine weeks study guide

No

1. Are millions of immigrants are accepted into the United States each year?

yes

2. Do several million noncitizens, known as aliens, live in the United States?

yes

3. May aliens who are at least 18 years old, have lived in the United States at least five years, and have lived at least three months in the state where they seek naturalization file an application for citizenship?

yes

4. Can a child born in another country to parents who are American citizens can claim citizenship in the United States.

Citizenship exam

5. What is the final step in naturalization?

authoritarian

6. __________ governments, such as China, are finding ways to limit online political communications.

extremist

7. _________groups often use the Internet to spread propaganda about ideas that are far from the political center.

Children’s online privacy act

8. What requires Web site companies to establish privacy policies describing the information they collect from children?

Internet

9. Many schools rely on filtering software to prevent students from using the __________ for prohibited activities.

The study of how we make decisions in a world where resources are limited

10. What is economics?

Lacking the resources to provide the things we want

11. What is scarcity?

Needs

12. Food, clothing, and shelter are examples of __________.

One thing is exchanged for the use of another

13. What is a trade off?

opportunity

14. The __________ cost is what you cannot buy or do when choosing to do one thing rather than another.

Expenses that increase as production grows

15. What are variable costs?

Total cost

16. Variable costs plus fixed costs add up to the __________ __________.

Marginal cost

17. What is the added cost of producing one additional unit?

Cost-benefit analysis

18. What requires you to compare the marginal costs and the marginal benefits of a decision?

The change in total revenue that results from selling one more unit of output

19. What is marginal revenue?

Market economy

20. Most economic decisions are made by individuals looking out for their own interests in a __________ __________.

Market economy

21. In a __________ system, private citizens own most, if not all, of the means of production.

Rewards offered to try to get people to take certain economic actions

22. What are incentives?

products

23. Imported goods give Americans access to __________ they might not have otherwise been able to enjoy.

A country’s ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost.

24. What is comparative advantage?

Customs duty or a tax on imported goods

25. What is a tariff?

quota

26. What is a limit placed on the amount of foreign goods imported?

NAFTA

27. What eliminated all trade barriers among the United States, Canada, and Mexico?

Currency can lose value

28. What are the results of a trade deficit?

The value of the products imported is larger than the products exported

29. When does a country have a trade deficit?

The difference between the value of a nation’s imports and exports

30. What is the balance of trade?

A system in which private citizens own the factors of production

31. What is a market economy?

All property is held in common

32. What is communism?

The means of production should be owned by a society

33. What is socialism?

Combines pure markets and command economies

34 What is a mixed economy?

traditional

35. What term refers to a system in which things are done “the way they have always been done.”