22 08-2014-cretech2014-coffee grounds

Creative Textiles with Natural Dyes from Coffee Grounds

Khanittha Charoenlarp* Pathumthip Prabphane

Kemmachart Surakul Patthranit Sittinoppan and Kamonphat Raksuan

Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep, E-mail: khanittha.C@rmutk.ac.th

CreTechCREATIVE TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE2014

2nd International Conference on Creative Technology 20 - 22 August 2014,

Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep,Thailand

Overview

• Objectives• Introduction• Materials and method• Results• Conclusions

CreTechCREATIVE TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE2014

Objective

• To study the optimum conditions for the extraction colorants from the coffee grounds.

• To study the optimum conditions for the dyeing with colorants extracted from the coffee grounds.

• To created textile products from coffee grounds.

Introduction

• Coffee is one of the popular beverages of the world especially fresh roasted coffee.

• It makes the waste of coffee grounds.

Introduction

• In order to increase the value of the waste and maximize the benefits.

• This research used coffee grounds producing natural colors in dyeing cotton textile.

Natural dye

• Natural dyes have been used extensively since long periods.

Natural dye

• Natural dyes are obtained from natural sources.

• Most are of plant origin and extracted from roots, wood, bark, berries, lichens, leaves, flowers, nuts, and seeds.

• Others come from insects, shellfish, and mineral compounds.

• The discovery of synthetic dyes from cheap petroleum sources in 1856 reduced the use of natural dyes.

• Synthetic dyes have been widely used in comparison to natural dyes because of – lower prices– repeatability –wide range of bright shades – color fastness properties

• However, synthetic dyes are known to be a major source of environmental pollution.

Sources of natural dyes • Agriculture• Waste and byproducts from

farming and forestry • Wastes from the food

and beverage industries

Materials

• Spent coffee grounds• Cotton fabrics• Mordants

Optimum conditions for extracting pigments from coffee grounds.

Extraction temperature of 100 oC

Diluted 50 times filtrated

The absorbance of the dye is extracted from the coffee grounds in different conditions.

Condition Absorbance (400.5 nm)

1%NaOH 100 ml 0.308 (dilution 50 times)

1% H2SO4 100 ml 0.646

H2O 100 ml 0.531

CH3CH2OH : H2O 50:50 0.123 (dilution 50 times)

CH3CH2OH : H2O 60:40 0.245 (dilution 50 times)

CH3CH2OH : H2O 70:30 0.140 (dilution 50 times)

The concentration of sodium hydroxide.

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

NaOH (g/100 mL H2O)

0.2718 0.3474 0.3436 0.3414 0.331

0.21

0.23

0.25

0.27

0.29

0.31

0.33

0.35

Ab

sorb

ance

- 1 gram of coffee grounds- 100 mL of water - 100 ° C for 30 minutes.

70 80 90 100

Temp (cel-cious)

0.2894 0.31 0.3334 0.3474

0.21

0.25

0.29

0.33

0.37

Ab

sorb

ance

- 1 g of coffee grounds - 0.4 g of NaOH- 100 mL of water- 30 minutes.

1 5 10 15 20 30

coffee grounds (gram)

0.3474 0.978 1.1994 1.6366 1.842 1.8016

0.10.50.91.31.7

abso

rban

ce

- 0.4 g of NaOH- 100 mL of water- 100 ° C for 30 minutes.

30 45 60 75 90

time (mins) 1.842 1.842 1.8796 1.9184 1.9166

1.81

1.83

1.85

1.87

1.89

1.91

1.93A

bso

rban

ce

- 1 g of coffee grounds - 0.4 g of NaOH- 100 mL of water- 100 oC

Dyeing and Mordanting

• Three processes of mordanting were used– pre mordanting– post mordanting– One bath mordanting

• After dyeing, the dyed material was washed with cold water and dried at room temperature

Testing

• The dyed material was tested for light fastness and wash fastness.

• Light fastness was analyzed by exposing the dyed materials to direct sunlight for 24hrs.

• The wash fastness was carried out by washing the dyed fiber with nonionic soap (1g/lit).

Color measurements

• Color measurements were made by using HunterLab UltraScan PRO spectrophotometer (Illuminant D65 and the CIE 10o observer).

• K/S was calculated according to Kubelka-Munk equation:

K/S = (1-R)2/2R

R is the reflectance of the dyed fabric

K is the absorption coefficient

S is the scattering coefficient.

Colorants Extracted from Coffee Grounds:Water

100|100 125|75 150|50 175|25 200|00.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

woven fabric knitted fabric

Col

or s

tren

gth

(K

/S)

Effect of NaCl on dyeing.

0.25 0.5 0.75 1 20.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

NaCl (g/100ml)

K/S

Effect of dyeing temperature

30 70 80 90 1000.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

dyeing temperature (oC)

K/S

Effect of dyeing time

30 45 60 75 900.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

dyeing time (min)

K/S

Effect of mordants and dyeing methods

withou

t mor

dant

CH3COOH

Ca(OH)2

CuSO4

Al2(S

O4)3

Fe2(S

O4)3

0.86

0.87

0.88

0.89

0.90

0.91

0.92

0.93

0.94

pre-mordant post mordant one bath

Mordant type

Col

or s

tren

gth

(K

/S)

Mordant Dyeing method Colorfastness to washing with soap Cokorfastness to lightColor

changeStaining on

cottonStaining on

woolWithout mordant

  1 3-4 4 1-2

CuSO4 Pre-mordanting 1 3-4 3-4 4

  Post-mordanting 1-2 4-5 4 3-4  One-bath

mordanting1 3-4 4 3

Al2(SO4)3 Pre-mordanting 2 3 3-4 4

  Post-mordanting 2 3-4 4 4-5  Meta-mordanting 2 4 4-5 4Fe2(SO4)3 Pre-mordanting 2 4 4 4

  Post-mordanting 2 4-5 4-5 4  Meta-mordanting 2 4 4-5 4

Tie-dyeing

Conclusion

• This research used spent coffee grounds, which is an agricultural waste extracted as a natural dye.

• For fully utilizing of the waste, color extracted from coffee ground apply in tied-dye fabrics with mordants.

Conclusion

• Optimization of extracting condition of coffee grounds –20 g Coffee grounds were extracted in

alkaline water at 100 oC for 60 mins.• Dyeing conditions were : initial coffee grounds

extracts concentration 10 g/L, NaCl 20g/L, liquor ratio 20:1, temp 100oC and 60 min

Acknowledgement

• The Organizing Committee thanks the financial support from Office of the Higher Education Commission (OHEC).

Reference

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Thank you