1 “the republicans take power”. unpacking the standards after reading this section, you will be...
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1
“The Republicans Take Power”
Unpacking the StandardsUnpacking the Standards
After reading this section, you will be able to:
•Describe how Jefferson won the 1800 election.
•Outline the goals Jefferson set in his inaugural address.
•Explain how Jefferson reduced the role of government.
•Discuss the Marbury v. Madison decision and its impact.
1801
1809
Jefferson Becomes President
In 1801 Washington, D.C. (D.C. = ), was
slowing rising from a swampy site on the River.
Political philosopher, “Father” of the , first Secretary of , leader of the Party, and 3rd President of the United States.
Declaration of IndependenceDeclaration of Independence
The Election of 1800
Federalists Republicans
Nominated: John AdamsVP: Charles Pinckney
•Adams received 65 electoral votes
Nominated: Thomas JeffersonVP: Aaron Burr
•Jefferson AND Burr each received 73 electoral votes
versusversus
In the event of a tie, the Constitution stipulates that the members of this house would have to decide the election.
The House of RepresentativesThe House of Representatives
The House Decides the Election
Thomas Jefferson
Aaron Burr
RepublicanRepublican RepublicanRepublicanControlled by
FederalistsControlled by
Federalists
For 35 ballots, the election remained tied. Finally at urging, one Federalist
decided not to vote for Burr.
For 35 ballots, the election remained tied. Finally at urging, one Federalist
decided not to vote for Burr.Alexander Hamilton’s
PRESIDENT VICE PRES.
He believed that a large government threatened liberty and that the could best protect freedom.
In Jefferson’s inaugural address, he outlined some of his goals which included maintaining “a wise and frugal gov’t.”
Jefferson believed in reducing the power and size of the federal gov’t. These ideas were similar to the French philosophy of laissez-faire – “let do as they
.”
Jefferson’s Inauguration
Inauguration – to formally admit someone to office.
We are all Republicans,we are all Federalists.
federal
states
peoplechoose
Jefferson’s Policies
Jefferson wanted to limit the scope of the federal government
Jefferson’s Takes Charge
Jefferson surrounded himself with men who shared his Republican principles.
He wanted people who would support his policies and carry them out
WHY?
Men like:
James MadisonSec. of State
Albert Gallatin
Sec. of the Treasury
Jefferson and Gallatin aimed to reduce the national debt by:
Jefferson and Gallatin aimed to reduce the national debt by:
1.Cutting the army by ⅓
Reducing navy from 25 to 7 ships
2.
Midnight Judges
Congress
The Judiciary Act of 1801(this act increased the number
of federal judges)
PASSES
President Adams
Wanted to fill as many positions as he could with Federalists. He supposedly signed appointments until midnight on his last day of office.
Marbury v. Madison
Adams’s appointments could not take effect until the legal papers (commissions) were delivered . . .
James MadisonSec. of State
When Jefferson took office, a few commission had not been delivered
William Marbury knew that he had been issued a commission, but it never gets delivered . . .
Marbury v. Madison
William Marbury
James Madison
Writ of Mandamus
Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that the section of the Judiciary Act of 1789 that gave the Supreme Court the power to issue writs of mandamus exceeded the authority allotted the Court under Article III of the Constitution, and was therefore null and void.
Three Principles of Judicial Review
Review Questions1. Who was the leader of the Federalist party?2. Who was the second president of the United States?3. Who was the third president of the United States?4. To which party did the third president belong?5. Thomas Jefferson believed that a large federal government
threatened liberty. Who did he think could best protect freedom?
6. Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied in electoral votes in the election of 1800. Which group decided the election?
7. Which amendment requires electors to vote for the president and vice president on separate ballots?
8. Define: laissez-faire9. How did Jefferson and his Secretary of the Treasury, Albert
Gallatin, reduce the national debt that the Federalist had left?10.Name the court case that established judicial review
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