amoeba, paramecium, euglena, and volvox - riverdell.org · the amoeba, paramecium, euglena, and...
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The organelles and their functions of the Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena,
and Volvox
11/21/2011
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The Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, and Volvox All are protists: eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants, or fungi.
Classified by their movement and way of life.
Movement • Amoeboid (pseudopodia) • Ciliate (cilia) • Flagellate (flagella) • Parasitic (attachment to a
host cell)
Way of Life • Autotrophic: make their own
food (plantlike) • Heterotrophic: consume
autotrophs or other heterotrophs (animal like)
• Heterotrophic w/ cell walls and reproduce w/ spores (sort of animal and plantlike fungus like)
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The Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, and Volvox
Organelles in common
• Nucleus • Cytoplasm • Food vacuoles: food that is being digested or
broken down to provide the cell with energy. • Contractile vacuoles (vesicles): pump excess
water from the cell; keeps water levels w/in the cell consistent.
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The Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, and Volvox
Differences in organelles Amoeba (0.25mm – 2.5mm) • Pseudopodia • Cell membrane • Endoplasm • Ectoplasm
Paramecium (up to 2mm) *most complex • Cilia • Pellicle • Oral groove • Anal pore • Macronucleus • Micronucleus
Euglena (15 – 500µm) • Flagella • Pellicle • Stigma/eyespot • Chloroplasts
Volvox (can be large enough to be seen w/ the naked eye) • Flagella • Cytoplasm • Chloroplasts • Live in colonies
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Moves by stretching its cytoplasm into finger like extensions or pseudopodia
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Cell membrane is very flexible and allows the organism to change shape
constantly.
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Has 2 types of cytoplasm endoplasm and ectoplasm
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Endoplasm granular inner mass; darker cytoplasm toward interior of the cell.
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Ectoplasm absorb water and removes carbon dioxide clearer cytoplasm found near the cell
membrane.
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It pushes its endoplasm toward cell membrane to move and consume
food.
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Use cilia to aid in locomotion and gather food. Cilia extends out from pellicle.
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Pellicle stiff but flexible covering gives the organism its shape.
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Most complex single celled organism with two nuclei: macronucleus & micronucleus
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Macronucleus larger nucleus, controls everything, but reproduction.
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Micronucleus smaller nucleus, controls reproduction (asexually through binary fission and/or
sexually through conjugation).
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Oral groove collect food w/ the aid of cilia
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Anal pore expel wastes
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Flagellum used to aid in locomotion may have more than one
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Pellicle flexible surrounding envelope that allows the organism to
change shape.
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Can absorb food directly through the pellicle or produce food through photosynthesis – food is
stored as a complex carbohydrate.
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Eyespot/stigma detects light to aid the organism in finding sunlight for
food production.
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Chloroplast trap sunlight to be used for photosynthesis.
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Nucleolus contains the nucleus of the cell.
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Volvox: common single celled pond algae that consists
of one or more colonies.
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Each cell uses its flagella simultaneously to move the colony.
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Absorb food through the cell surface or produce it through photosynthesis through use of
chloroplasts and store it as a complex carbohydrate.
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