AMERICA JOINS THE WAR

World War I (Ch. 19)

AMERICA MOBILIZES Selective Service

Act (May 1917) Drafted 3 million menFulfilled need for

troopsCreated Selective

Service SystemProvided over half of

U.S. forces in WWI

AMERICA MOBILIZES Military Makeup

African Americans serve in segregated units

Women worked non-combat positionsShipyard workers exempt from draft

AMERICA TURNS THE TIDE Convoy System

Reduce threat of German U-boats Merchant ships protected by navy

American Entry into War Invigorated weary Allied soldiersProvide Allies with new resources

FIGHTING “OVER THERE” American Expeditionary Force

Led by John J. PershingCalled “Doughboys”

New WeaponsTanksAirplanes Chemical GasesMachine Guns

THE WAR AT HOME

CONGRESS GIVES POWER TO WILSON

War Industries Board Increase

efficiencyProduction,

profit, prices soar

War Economy InflationRecord stock

profitsNational War

Labor Board

CONGRESS GIVES POWER TO WILSON

Food AdministrationConservationVictory gardensHigh prices for grain

SELLING THE WAR Financing the War

War BondsNew taxes

Committee on Public Information Propaganda Patriotism and discrimination

ATTACKS ON CIVIL LIBERTIES Espionage and

Sedition ActsFines or jail for

interfering with war efforts

Targets socialists and labor leaders

WAR ENCOURAGES SOCIAL CHANGE African-Americans

Split opinions Du Bois: Supporting war will increase calls

for justice Great Migration

African-Americans flood the North looking for jobs and an escape from Jim Crow

Incites riots Women

Won support for 19th Amendment

THE COLLAPSE OF GERMANY Austria-Hungary surrenders to Allies

Germany sailors start a mutiny

The Kaiser gave up his thrown

Germany agreed to a ceasefire and signed the armistice (truce)

WILSON FIGHTS FOR PEACE Fourteen Points

Ways to avoid warSelf-determinationLeague of Nations

Allied ReactionWant to punish GermanyWilson abandons most points

TREATY OF VERSAILLES Provisions

Created new boundaries Action against Germany

Demilitarization Make reparations to Allies War Guilt Clause: Forcing Germany to take sole

responsbility

TREATY OF VERSAILLES Weaknesses

Harsh treatment of GermanyLand taken from Soviet Union Ignored self-determination

TREATY OF VERSAILLES Opposition in Senate

Over League of NationsU.S. signs separate treaty

LEGACY OF WWI Massive casualties

Caused by mechanized warfare and trench warfare

In U.S. “Return to normalcy”Strengthened U.S. military and gov’t

In EuropeMassive destruction, violence, instabilityOpened door for communism and fascism

WHAT IS NEXT FOR THE WORLD?