alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical...
TRANSCRIPT
Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical
variables affecting animal product quality
M. Renna, S. Ravetto Enri, M. Probo, C. Lussiana, V. Malfatto, L.M. Battaglini, M. Lonati, G. Lombardi
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Torino University, Italy
19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network 14-16 June 2016
Effect of different grassland communities and ecological groups on herbage chemical composition still largely unknown
Introduction
Renna et al. “Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical variables affecting animal product quality”. 19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network, Zaragoza (Spain), 14th-16th June, 2016.
Forage composition
key factor for product quality
Extensive farming systems complex and species-rich semi-natural grasslands
To assess the relationships between vegetation characteristics and chemical composition in different species-rich alpine grasslands
AIM
Materials and methods
Renna et al. “Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical variables affecting animal product quality”. 19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network, Zaragoza (Spain), 14th-16th June, 2016.
Experimental
Piedmont (NW Italy), 250 to 2000 m a.s.l.
chemical composition
dry matter
crude protein
fatty acids
fiber fractions
vegetation characteristics
botanical composition phenological stage
Landolt’s ecological indicators biodiversity
pastoral value
39 vegetation surveys
Results and Discussion
Correlation Analysis
Renna et al. “Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical variables affecting animal product quality”. 19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network, Zaragoza (Spain), 14th-16th June, 2016.
DM
CP
NDF
ADF
C16:0 C18:0
C18:1 n9
C18:2 n6
C18:3 n3
TFA
C16:0 (-0.65***), C18:1n9 (0.57***), C18:2n6 (-0.43**), C18:3n3 (-0.79***), TFA (-0.71***), PV (-0.40*), Phenology (0.33*), Poaceae (0.34*)
C16:0 (0.81***), C18:1n9 (-0.46**), C18:2n6 (0.45**), C18:3n3 (0.79***), TFA (0.76***), Phenology (-0.33*)
C16:0 (-0.81***), C18:2n6 (-0.48**), C18:3n3 (-0.81***), TFA (-0.82***), PV (-0.35*), Fabaceae (-0.54***), Poaceae (0.36*)
C16:0 (-0.69***), C18:1n9 (0.55***), C18:2n6 (-0.35*), C18:3 n3 (-0.78***), TFA (-0.70***), PV (-0.46**), Fabaceae (-0.38*)
C18:0 (0.38*), C18:2n6 (0.75***), C18:3n3 (0.79***), TFA (0.90***), PV (0.34*)
C18:1n9 (0.60***), C18:2n6 (0.44**)
C18:3n3 (-0.41**), Phenology (0.40*)
C18:3n3 (0.56***), TFA (0.77***), Poaceae (-0.36*)
TFA (0.95***), PV (0.36*), Fabaceae (0.42**), Poaceae (-0.34*)
Fabaceae (0.36*), Poaceae (-0.37*)
Results and Discussion
Renna et al. “Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical variables affecting animal product quality”. 19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network, Zaragoza (Spain), 14th-16th June, 2016.
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis
Dominant species
Grassland types
Ecological groups
Mesophilic grasslands
Dry grasslands
Results and Discussion
Renna et al. “Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical variables affecting animal product quality”. 19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network, Zaragoza (Spain), 14th-16th June, 2016.
Canonical Correspondence Analysis
Mesophilic
grasslands
Dry
grasslands
53.1% total
variance explained
Results and Discussion
Canonical Correspondence Analysis
Renna et al. “Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical variables affecting animal product quality”. 19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network, Zaragoza (Spain), 14th-16th June, 2016.
Renna et al. “Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical variables affecting animal product quality”. 19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network, Zaragoza (Spain), 14th-16th June, 2016.
Results and Discussion
Indipendent Samples Student’s t-Tests
g/100 g DM
Mesophilic grasslands
Dry grasslands SEM P
DM, g/100 g 22.3 38.1 70% 1.68 *** CP 13.6 10.2 25% 0.45 *** NDF 48.9 56.3 15% 1.19 *** ADF 29.5 36.6 24% 0.86 *** C16:0 0.33 0.27 18% 0.01 *** C18:1n9 0.07 0.12 71% 0.00 ** C18:2n6 0.34 0.28 18% 0.01 * C18:3n3 0.98 0.60 39% 0.06 *** Total FA 1.88 1.41 25% 0.08 ** Pastoral Value 40.0 27.9 30% 2.01 ** Landolt’s F 2.6 2.2 15% 0.05 *** Landolt’s N 3.3 2.6 21% 0.08 *** Landolt’s R 3.0 3.5 17% 0.05 ***
Conclusions
Renna et al. “Alpine grasslands: relations among botanical and chemical variables affecting animal product quality”. 19th Meeting of the FAO‐CIHEAM Mountain Pastures sub‐network, Zaragoza (Spain), 14th-16th June, 2016.
1. The proximate composition and fatty acid profile of alpine grasslands are significantly influenced by the botanical composition of the vegetation
2. The abundance of single plant species affected the chemical composition of forages more than the abundance of botanical families
3. If compared to dry grasslands, mesophilic grasslands showed:
- higher relative abundance of productive and palatable plant species
- higher pastoral values
- higher contents of crude protein and lower values of fiber
- higher contents of lipid precursors for the synthesis of beneficial FA in dairy and meat products
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