all in one review packet for students

8/12/2019 All in One Review Packet for Students

1/28

Things To Have Down Cold For The AP Test

This is NOTan exclusive list of the things you may need to know for the multiple-choice section of the AP test, butthese are the things that most often appear on the test. If you have these things down cold you should score well.As you review, try to memorie as much as you can on each of these topics and you will be on your way to a verygood score.

!amestown

"eason for establishment

Tobacco

#eadright system

Pilgrims$Puritans

%ity on a #ill

"eligious Tolerance

work ethic

&ayflower compact

#alfway %ovenant

'acon(s "ebellion

and slavery

and Indentured servants &ercantilism$)alutary *eglect

+rench and Indian ar effects

nd of )alutary *eglect

Proclamationine$Proclamation of /012

3what it is, whatconse4uences

)tamp Act5 other revenueacts

6reat Awakening

hat

hen effects on established

churches

7eism

7eclaration of Independence

%ontents

Purpose

"evolutionary ar

Importance of +rench Aid

Article of %onfederation

and weak centralgovernment

and )hay(s "ebellion

and flaws

'ritish violations of Treaty of

Paris

and 8rdinance of /09:5 and

8rdinance of /090

8rderly creation andadmission of states

%onstitution

#ow it strengthened thefederal government

"atification fight and whosupported and whoopposed

&a;or Amendments to it

+ounding +athers attitude

toward political parties

'ill of "ights3Purpose and

timing

#amilton economic policies

funding and assumption

tariffs 'ank of irginia "esolves

lection of /9??, significance

ouisiana Purchase5 why

!efferson wanted it

&arbury v. &adison

%ult of 7omesticity

ar of /9/@5 causes

#artford %onvention

owell )ystem

%ompromise of /9@?$&o.

%ompromise

purpose, terms and howit changed the map

li hitney

and %otton 6in impact and interchangeable

parts

&onroe 7octrine

reasons

philosophy

development

and "oosevelt %orollary

American )ystem$%lay-higpolicies

%anal building and theireffects

merson, %ooper and other early

/thcentury authors

Tariff of Abominations$*ullification

crisis

hat

%alhoun

effects on later secession

!ackson(s reaction

Andrew !ackson and Indian policy

and expansion of suffrage

and 'ank of


2/28

incoln$"epublican policy on

)lavery in /91?

and secession

%ivil ar

%auses

)trengths andeaknesses of the *orthand )outh

+oreign Policy of 'ritainand +rance

mancipation Proclamation5

purpose,

terms

"epublican "econstruction

Terms

lection of /901

Post %ivil ar southern society

sharecropping

'lack %odes

7awes Act

Transcontinental "" and 6overnment subsidies

and land grants

and effect on industry

)ocial 7arwinism

6ospel of ealth

aisse faire economics

Titans of Industry

and business combinations

and horiontal and verticalintegration

6ilded-Age business cycles

)herman Anti-Trust Act and use against ietnam

and 6ulf of Tonkin

and !ohnson

and *ixon

and Protests

yndon !ohnson and 6reat )ociety

%ivil "ights

%ivil "ights &ovement

and )it-Ins

and )chool 7esegregation

and &artin uther =ing

and &arch on ashington

and "adical 'lack eaders

/1?s Protests

and >ietnam

and counter-culture

and women(s movement

2


3/28

Decade Association

Place the correct decade, or group of years, beside each group of specific factual information. "emember, some itemscan fit into more than one decade so be sure to read through and consider the entire group. 7on(t simply go through theexercise mindlessly. Think about

what each item is

how it relates to that particular decade

what other terms could be associated with it

irginia$*ew !ersey Plans, disestablishment, 'arbary Pirates, Treaty of ParisC

FFFF B%reel %ommittee, #enry %abot odge, G'irth of a *ationG$7.. 6riffith, Article J, obbliesC

FFFF Bcult of domesticity$true womanhood, &anifest 7estiny, !ames =. Polk, *eal 7ow, ucretia &ottC

FFFF B7red )cott v )andford, +ugitive )lave aw, 6adsden Purchase, bleeding =ansas, )umner-'rooks AffairC

FFFF Bmancipation Proclamation, Trent Affair, #omestead Act, 'attle of Antietam, %rittenden %ompromiseC

FFFF B+. )cott +itgerald, cultural isolation, 4uota system, #arlem "enaissance, ashington *aval %onferenceC

FFFF B+air 7eal, !apanese interment, Truman 7octrine, Ealta %onference, Taft-#artley ActC

FFFF B+air abor )tandards Act , *ew 7eal, 'onus &arch, @/st amendment, doleC


4/28

FFFF B+ederal #ighway Act, &ontgomery bus boycott, isenhower 7octrine, =orean ar, Alan 6insberg BThe #owlCC

FFFF B+reeport 7octrine, %layton-'ulwer Treaty, incoln-7ouglas debates, A BTennessee >alley AuthorityC,

+ranklin "oosevelt, bonus marchC

FFFF Bnew immigrants, Plessy v +erguson, !oseph Puliter, Populist BPeopleLsC Party, Turner B+rontierC ThesisC

FFFF B*ew *ationalism, &ann-lkins Act, G'lack !ackG !ohn Pershing, insurgentLs revolt, *ew +reedomC

FFFF Bopen range, Interstate %ommerce Act, Andrew %arnegie, !ohn 7. "ockefeller, &ugwumpsC

FFFF B8regon Territory, !ohn )lidell, %ommonwealth v #unt, #orace &ann, ebster-Ashburton TreatyC

FFFF BPalmer "aids, )chenck v


5/28

FFFF BPilgrims$)eparatists, Anne #utchinson, headright system, +reedom of conscience, city on a hillC

FFFF BPlatt amendment, ouis )ullivan, Progressive movement, "usso-!apanese ar, #ay-'uneau->arilla TreatyC

FFFF Bpragmatism Billiam !amesC, )alvation Army, !ohn 7ewey, Eoung &enLs %hristian Association, dward 'ellamy

Booking 'ackwardC

FFFF BPrigg v Pennsylvania, &exican American ar, &ormons, free soilers, American Anti-slavery )ocietyC

FFFF BMuartering Act, )tamp Act, Paxton 'oys, )ugar Act, no taxation without representationC

FFFF B)AT I Treaty, hippies, %amp 7avid Accords, &ayague incident, 'akke v 'oard of "egentsC

FFFF B)amuel )later, +ederalist$+irst American Party )ystem, Pinckney Treaty, undeclared naval war, full

funding$assumptionC

FFFF B)ecurities and xchange %ommission, *eutrality acts, court packing scheme, Gshare the wealthG, Indian

"eorganiation ActC

FFFF B)eneca +alls %onvention, &aine aws, Irish immigration, Treaty of 6uadalupe-#idalgo, ilmot ProvisoC

FFFF B)ervicemenLs "ead;ustment Act, "alph 'unche, 6eorge =ennan, ersailles, +ederal Trade %ommission, irreconcilables, =eating-8wen %hild abor Act, 'allinger-Pinchot

AffairC

FFFF Btriple wall of privilege, )ussex$Arabic Pledges, +ood Administration, Kimmerman *ote BTelegramC

FFFF B


6/28

FFFFBindentured servants, &ayflower %ompact, "oger illiams, 6reat Puritan &igration, #ouse of 'urgessesC

FFFFB)ewardLs +olly, sharecropping, Tenure of 8ffice Act, redemption BredeemersC, scalawagsC


7/28

Acts & Laws

1649ord 'altimore, &aryland guaranteed freedom of religion to anyone Gprofessingto believe in !esus %hristG O %atholics Protestants

16!designed to bring money into the "oyal Treasury, develop imperial merchantfleet, channel the flow of colonial raw materials into ngland, and keep foreigngoods and vessels out of colonial ports.

1"6#prohibited settlement of 'ritish settlers to the west of the Appalachian &ountains.Thus it reserved the vast area west of the Appalachian &ountains for the Indians

1"6 means of raising revenue in the American colonies, re4uired all legal documents,licenses, commercial contracts, newspapers, pamphlets, and playing cards tocarry a tax stamp.

1"6"called for suspension of the *ew Eork Assembly, "evenue Act, imposedcustoms duties on colonial imports of glass, red and white lead, paints, paper,and tea.

1""4

punitive measures against the colony of &assachusetts5 also called %oerciveActs5 Port Act closed the port of 'oston to trade5 the &assachusetts 6overnmentAct revoked the colonyLs charter and forbade town meetings5 Muartering Actre4uired the colonists to provide billets for 'ritish soldiers5 and the ImpartialAdministration of !ustice Act removed 'ritish officials from the ;urisdiction of&assachusetts courts.

1"9

provided for surveying and distribution of land in townships six miles s4uare,

each composed of 21 one-s4uare-mileB1D? acreC sections, of which one shouldbe set aside for the support of education.

1"$"Provided a bill of rights for settlers and forbade slavery north of the 8hio "iver.8rganied a way for territories to become states with the same status as existingstates.

1"9$

Alien Act raised new hurdles in the path of immigrants trying to obtain citienshipBto become a citien you had to live in the country for /D years not :C. The)edition Act widened the powers of the Adams administration to mule itsnewspaper critics.

1"99&adison and !efferson came up with these resolves which would empower thestate bodies to GnullifyG federal laws within those states. The issue died since theresolves were only adopted in =entucky and >irginia.

1$%!

ouisiana Purchase would be divided among the latitude 21 degrees 2?L, thenorth for non-slave states and the south for slave states. &issouri would becomea slave state, since the *orth applied &aine as a free state, thus balancing therepresentation in the )enate. After this all states would be admitted in pairs3onefree$one slave.

1$%$new tariff bill included higher duties for many goods which were bought by)outhern planters, so they bitterly denounced the law as the GTariff ofAbominationsG. Part of the conflict over )outh %arolinaLs *ullification.

1$#!forced removal of all tribes living east of &ississippi "iver, resulted in %herokeeTrail of Tears.

1$!

%alifornia would be admitted as a free state5 *ew &exico and


8/28

1$$# created civil service program for federal government after 6arfield assassinated

1$$"crated commission to oversee rates on railways, prohibit rebates, enddiscriminatory practices

1$9!prevent corporation from engaging in monopolistic practices that were seen asGcombination in restraint of tradeG.

19!6 Provided sanitary regulations and inspections in meat-packing facilities

19!6Prohibited manufacture, sale and transportation of adulterated or fraudulentlylabeled foods and drugs in accordance with consumer demands.

191#7ivided nation into /@ regions with a +ederal "eserve 'ank in each region.Allowed +ederal "eserve to control interest rates by raising or lowering thediscount rate.

1916'arred goods manufactured by the labor of children under /1 from interstatecommerce, and a workersL compensation for federal employees.

191"Imposed fines up to R/?,??? and ;ail sentences ranging on persons convicted ofaiding the enemy or obstructing recruiting. It also authoried posts-mastergeneral to ban from the mails any material that seemed treasonable of seditious.

191$6overnment authoried any form of dissent that it deemed a hindrance to the

war effort. #eavy penalties for talking about American stuff in a GdisloyalGmanner.

19%4Total number of immigrants from outside the estern #emisphere restricted to/:?,??? annually. Immigration 4uotas established by ethnicity.

19#%Provided government loans to banks, railroads, insurance companies, building,loan associations, and agricultural credit corporations.

19#!%ongress raised duties on manufactured products to prohibitive levels, destroyedforeign trade and deepened 6reat 7epression.

19##government subsidies to growers of wheat, cotton, tobacco, and a few otherstaple crops.

19##

It was the cornerstone of the *ew 7eal. In /2:, it was declared unconstitutionain the )upreme %ourt %ase)checter vs.


9/28

Colonial AericaNew 'ngland (iddle )o*thern

Colonies*ew Eork, *ew !ersey,

Pennsylvania, 7elaware.

+eogra,h-

&oderate %limate+ertile )oil

argest %olonial cities

'cono-+ishing, shipping, trading,small-scale manufacturing,

ship building

Po,*lation nglish, hite&ostly nglish African

)cots-Irish on the +rontier)ome +rench #uguenots

)ocial

Political

.eligio*s Anglican %atholic

Coing o/ the Aerican .evol*tionAct orAction

Date Colonial (otive0Action0.eaction ritish (otive0Action0.eaction

/0:D-

12%olonists expect access to west

Pontiac(s"ebellion

%olonists Angered at %losing of+rontier

rits ofAssistance

Angered at Invasion of Privacy

)ugar Act'ritish reduce but enforce tax

)tamp Act#old %ongress 'oycott

/01: Angered at Invasion of Privacy )aved expense of provisions for troops

/010Taxed imports3glass, paint, lead, paper, tea

%itiens threw rocks snowballs atsoldiers

'ritish soldiers fired on mob, : killed

'oston TeaParty

)ons of liberty threw 2D@ cases of teainto 'oston #arbor

/00D &et to respond to Intolerable Acts )ent more troops into colonial cities.

@nd

%ontinental%ongress

/00:-01

American "evolution 'egan


10/28

Tieline o/ Aerican Political Parties'lectio

n2e//erson P #rdParties

PHailton Details

+ederal-istra /099

7emocratic-

"epublicans

+ederalists

ashington opposed to politicalparties

/0@

/01 Alien )edition Acts

!effersonian

ra /9?? +ederalists lose %ongress

Presidency

/9?D

/9?9

/9/@ #artford %onvention +ederalists'randed TraitorsQ Party 7ead/9/1

/9@?

/9@D %orrupt 'argain splits 7emocratic-"epublicans5 !ackson reshaped 7-"

Ageof!ackson

/9@9

7emocrats/92@ *ational "epublicans 8pponents of N=ing AndrewH/921

higs/9D? Tippecanoe and Tyler Too

&7 /9DD B&7O&anifest 7estinyC :D8D? or

+ightS

/9D9+ree )oil Party

+ree )oil, +ree )peech, +ree &en,+remontS

"oadto%ivil,ar-"econstruction /9:@

/9:1

"epublicans/91? incoln(s lection led to %ivil ar

/91D

/919

/90@

/901 %ompromise of /900

6ildedAge /99?

/99D %leveland

/999 #arrison

/9@

Populists

)ocialists %leveland Again

/91 'ryan(s %ross of 6old )peech

Progress-ivera /??

/?D

/?9

//@ 'ull&oose

T.". %hallenged Taft, ost, formedparty

,,I-,,

II //1 #e kept us out of arS

%ommunists

/@? 'ack to *ormalcyS

/@D =eep %ool with %oolidgeS

/@9

/2@

+7" runs is elected for D terms#appy 7ays are #ere AgainS

/21

/D?

/DD

/D9 7ixiecrats )outhern 7emocrats walk out overdesegregation of the Army/:@


11/28

%old,ar

/:1 I ike IkeS

/1? =ennedy ins *ixon-=ennedy7ebates

/1D

/19 Amer.Independent

6eorge allace hite )upremacy

/0@

ibertarians

/01

/9?

/9D/99

/@


12/28

Co,arisons o/ Political PartiesTime 7emocratic "epublican

/0?-/9@D

Deocratic3.e,*licanInfluenced by !efferson

+avored +armers+eared Tyranny of lite

ow TariffsPro-Immigrant

FederalistInfluenced by #amilton+avored 'usinesses

)trong %entral 6overnment#igh Protective Tariffs

Pro-'ritish

/9@D-/9:?

Deocrat)trong xecutive 'ranch

Pro-%ommon &an)tates "ights

5higeak xecutive 'ranch

)trong %entral 6overnmentAnti-)lavery

/91:-/2@

DeocratPro-+armer

Pro-ImmigrationAnti-Imperialist

.e,*lican*ativists

Imperialists#igh Tariffs, Against Income Tax, +or 6old

/2@-/D:

Deocrat6overnment Intervention in )ociety

)ocial abor "eforms

.e,*licanPro-'ig 'usiness

"ugged Individualism

/D1-/?

DeocratInfluenced by +7"

Increased )pending on 7omestic Programs+or )ocial 7iversity Tolerance

+or %onsumer "ights nvironmentalism

.e,*licanInfluenced by illiam +. 'uckley !r. B%onservativeC

Against Affirmative Action7efend Traditional +amily >alues

aw 8rder

'lections o/ )igni/icanceEear %andidates )ignificance

/099 6eorge ashington

/01!ohn Adams B+C over

Thomas !efferson B7"C

/9??Thomas !efferson B7"C

over

!ohn Adams B+C

/9@D

!ohn Muincy Adams B7"Cover Andrew !ackson B7"C

#enry %lay B7"Cilliam %rawford

/9@9Andrew !ackson B7C over!ohn Muincy Adams B*"C

/91?

Abraham incoln B"C over)tephen 7ouglas B*7C

!ohn 'reckenridge B)7C!ohn 'ell B%


13/28

/901"utherford '. #ayes B"C

over)amuel Tilden B7C

/91illiam &c=inley B"C overilliam !. 'ryan BP 7C

//@oodrow ilson B7C overTheodore "oosevelt BPC

illiam #. Taft B"C

/2@ +ranklin "oosevelt B7Cover#erbert #oover B"C

/1?!ohn =ennedy B7C over

"ichard *ixon B"C

/19"ichard *ixon B"C over#ubert #umphrey B7C

/9?"onald "eagan B"C over

!immy %arter B7C

(ost ,ortant Aerican PresidentsPresident Ter Part- (a7or 'vents

6eorge ashington/09-/00

*one

!ohn Adams/00-/9?/

+ederalist

Thomas !efferson /9?/-/9?

7emocratic-"epublican

Promoted "ights of People over )trong +ederal 6overnment

!ames &adison/9?-/9/0

7emocratic-"epublican

Andrew !ackson/9@-/920

7emocrat

!ames =. Polk/9D:-/9D

7emocrat

Abraham incoln/91/-/91:

"epublican

illiam &c=inley/90-/?/

"epublican


14/28

Theodore "oosevelt/?/-/?

"epublican

oodrow ilson//2-/@/

7emocrat

+ranklin 7."oosevelt

/22-/D:

7emocrat

#arry Truman/D:-/:2

7emocrat

7wight isenhower/:2-/1/

"epublican

!ohn +. =ennedy/1/-/12

7emocrat

yndon '. !ohnson/12-/1 7emocrat

"ichard *ixon/1-/0D

"epublican

"onald "eagan/9/-/9

"epublican


15/28

Aerica At 5ar .eview +*ide

French & ndian 5ar Aerican .evol*tion 5ar o/ 1$1%

Dates

Presidents x x

Ca*ses

Imperial "ivalry

and

,ortant(ilitar- 'vents

'raddocks 7efeat 7efeat of Tecumseh

Treat-

Ters

*o "ecognition of *ativeAmerican "ights *o territorial 6ain

,ortance

/st&odern 7emocracy

(e8ican 5ar Civil 5ar ),anish Aerican 5ar

Dates

Presidents illiam &c=inley

Ca*ses


&exico %ity

Treat- Appomattox Paris

Ters


16/28

,ortance

"eopen )lavery xpansion

5orld 5ar 5orld 5ar

Dates

Presidents

Ca*ses


'elleau oodeyte 6ulf

Treat-

Ters

,ortance

orean 5ar :ietna 5ar

Dates

Presidents

Ca*ses


17/28


%hinese nter the ar

Treat- Paris Accords

Ters


18/28

"etaliation$'rinkmanship

7tente /1-/9?7ecrease the risk of nuclear war by economic and culturalexchanges with %ommunist nations. %orrupt communism

with %apitalism

,ortant ;ne-?s Treat-1"9

)pain

Lo*isiana P*rchase1$!#

Adas3Onis Treat-

1$19


19/28

A/rican Aerican LeadersTime

Period&essage )upporters$"epresented &ethods )ignificance

Frederic>Do*glas

/929-/99?

Anti-)lavery )ocietiesAmerican )laves

)peeches, ritings,Public Appearances

&ost importantblack Abolitionistleader

oo>er Toting "ights Actade-7avis 'illagner Actork Progress Administration

Colonial PeriodAlmost no )lavery or Indentured

)ervants%ash crops%ommercial family grain farming%onnecticut7irect 7emocracy7iverse Population7utch )wedesnglish+undamental 8rders of

%onnecticut6eorgia6erman BPennsylvania 7utchC

#ell fire damnation#igh literacy rate#ouse of 'urgessesIndependent ives of )eamenInstitutionalied )laverylong harsh winters.ong hot summers, fertile soilong ife xpectancy&any ast-est "ivers&aryland&assachusetts&ayflower %ompact&eeting #ouse&ost Indentured servants&ost "eligious Toleration*ew #ampshire*orth )outh %arolina8nly ealthy ducatedPlanter AristocracyPoor, rocky soilPrimogenitureProperty Mualifications for >oting

Puritan B%ongregationalistCMuakers"hode Islandrice, indigo, tobacco"oyal 6overnors colonial

legislatures)hipping)hort ife xpectancy)mall townssmall-scale manufacturingTheocracyTidewater v. Piedmont>irginia

Coing o/ Aerican .evol*tionUU%omplete the 7ates/st%ontinental %ongress'oston &assacre'oycott of 'ritish 6oods'ritish Issue Proclamation of /012%olonist %ontinue to )muggle

&olasses7eclaration of Independencend )alutary *eglect+rench Indian arIncrease Taxes to Pay for arIntolerable ActsMuartering Act"epealed law, issued 7eclaratory

Act)earch homes to uncover

smugglingTownshend Acts

Co,arison o/ Political PartiesBadd % to each o8Anti-Immigrant%ollective )ecurity

+eared &ob "ule+or %ivil "ights ar on Poverty#ardline Anti-%ommunismInfluenced by +7"Influenced by #enry %layInfluenced by !acksonInternationalism %ontainmentIsolationismaisse-faireow Tariffs, for Income Tax, for

)ilverPro-+renchPro-&arket "evolutionProslavery)mall 6overnment)olid )outh)tates "ightsTax %uts Increased 7efense

)pendingaving the 'loody )hirt

(ost ,ortant Aerican

Presidents:DoD? or +ightAAAAlien )edition ActsAnnexation of TexasAssassinatedAssassinatedAssassinated'ank ar'ay of Pigs %uban &issile %risis'erlin Airlift'ig )tick 7iplomacy'rinkmanship$&assive "etaliation

%ivil "ights >oting "ights Acts%ivil ar%ontainment7esegregation of the Army7tentemancipation Proclamationmbargo Actnd of =orean arnd of >ietnam arstablished *ew 6overnmentxpanded Presidential Power

eto+air 7eal+arewell Address+7I%+ederal "eserve 'oard+our terms in 8ffice6reat )ociety6ulf of Tonkin "esolutionAerican Presidents Cont

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