Alexandra Kuo Annie Hung

Block B

FIBRE

• filling, discourages overeating, adds no calories

• may protect against gut cancers and constipation

• help prevent diabetes and heart disease• has 5 grams or more per serving• found in all plants• not digested by the body• found in :

-whole grain breads -cereals -fruits -nuts

• holds tissues together• manufacture of other materials• children’s needs depend on their energy intake • 2 types :

-soluble, lowers blood cholesterol -insoluble, helps digestive system run smoothly • minimize potential side effects such as :

-bloating -cramps -diarrhea

FIBRE

VITAMINS

• required nutrient in tiny amounts• helps immune system stay healthy• won’t cure-all unhealthy diets• vitamin A helps eyesight• great for night vision • helps you see in colour too• rich in vitamin A :

-milk –fruits –carrots –sweet potato -green leafy veggies

• vitamin B makes energy, releases when needed• makes red blood cells• carries oxygen • rich in vitamin B :

-grains –seafood –poultry –milk –yogurt –veggies• vitamin C keeps tissues in good shape• heal injuries quickly• rich in vitamin C :

-citrus fruits –oranges –cantaloupes –strawberries –kiwis –broccoli –cabbage –sweet red peppers

VITAMINS

MINERALS

• pure elements, simple salts to very complex

• help body grow, develop, stay healthy• build strong bones, transmit nerve pulses• maintain normal heartbeat• human diet directly from plants• present in your drinking water • rich in minerals

-oranges -strawberries –blackberries -water -peaches -grapes -brocoli -carrots -spinach

• too little calcium can lead to weaker bones• zinc helps your immune system• potassium keeps muscles, nervous system

working properly• iron transport oxygen lungs rest of body• found in water, soil, root plants, animals• provide structure forming bones and teeth• can’t be made in body must our in diet

MINERALS

CARBOHYDRATES

• stores and transports energy• foods that give energy are : either starches or sugars • broken down into simple sugars • sugars absorbed into the bloodstream• sugar level rises, pancreas releases

hormone, insulin• needed to move sugar from blood to

cells• sugar used as a source of energy

CARBOHYDRATES

• 2 kinds : • (simple) sugars + grains easily broken

down • causes blood sugar level to rise quickly• found in : -white bread -white rice • (complex) broken down, blood sugar rise

gradually• found in : -brown bread -brown rice • include : -fruits -vegetables -low-fat dairy

FAT

• insulates body • stores energy • maintains body temperature • trans fats raises blood levels• two types of adipose tissue exist:

white + brown found in: meat: sausages -steak -ham -wieners

FAT• types

•saturated »animal fats converted by liver into

cholesterol•mono unsaturated

»trans fat •poly unsaturated

»animal source is limited to fish »raises blood cholesterol

•hydrogenated »unsaturated fat+ hydrogen= saturated

fat

PROTEIN

• builds cardiac muscle • makes part of red blood cells that

carries oxygen • two types• complete

–has all 9 main amino acids»found in meat and milk

• incomplete»found in most vegetables: broccoli-

carrots -tomatoes -peas

PROTEIN

• sources of protein are : -meat -fish -egg -dairy products

• kids require 0.5 g of protein for pound they weigh

• muscles, organs + immunes system made of protein

• broken protein into basic units = amino acids

• quickly digested• many different amino acids in protein• 22 are important to human health.

WATER

• removes dangerous toxins • cushion your joints • carries oxygen and nutrients into cells • cushions your joints • keeps your metabolism working • regulates body temperature • transports nutrients and waste

WATER• 2 thirds of body • lack of water causes

•blood pressure to fall • blood clots to form•normal kidney function is impaired •reoccurring headaches •dry skin

• 6 to 8 glasses of water a day• Too much water can cause

•water intoxication•seizures•death

Bibliography• http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/protein.html • http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6554 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_fat • http://www.liferesearchuniversal.com/fat.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_water • http://kidshealth.org/parent/nutrition_fit/nutrition/fiber.html • http://ca.lifestyle.yahoo.com/health • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber • http://www.wheatfoods.org/AboutWheat-fiber-for-adults/Index.htm• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin • http://nutrition.about.com/od/nutritionforchildren/tp/vitamins_kids.htm • http://nutrition.about.com/od/nutritionforchildren/a/kidssupplemnts.htm • http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/vitamin.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral • http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/minerals.html • http://www.healthalternatives2000.com/minerals-nutrition-chart.html • http://www.brianmac.co.uk/minerals.htm • http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/food/carbohydrates.htm • http://kidshealth.org/parent/nutrition_fit/nutrition/sugar.html