alexander fleming 1

7/25/2019 Alexander Fleming 1

1/15

Alexander Fleming Alexander Fleming

Inventor of PenicillinInventor of Penicillin

Kanishka sachdevaKanishka sachdeva


2/15

ChildhoodChildhoodBorn on LochfieldBorn on LochfieldFarm, Darvel,Farm, Darvel,

Ayrshire on August Ayrshire on August, !""!#, !""!#

$as a farmer%s son#$as a farmer%s son#&oved to London at&oved to London at

age !', to stay (ithage !', to stay (ithhis older )rother#his older )rother#

Fleming (orking inFleming (orking in

his La)oratory#his La)oratory#


3/15

*chool*chool

Attended Louden &oor *chool, Darvel Attended Louden &oor *chool, Darvel*chool, and Kilmarnock Academy#*chool, and Kilmarnock Academy#

In London, he attended Polytechnic#In London, he attended Polytechnic#


4/15

*t# &ary%s*t# &ary%s

&et *ir Almroth&et *ir Almroth$right, a +rofessor$right, a +rofessorat *t# &ary s#at *t# &ary s#

-oined his-oined hisla)oratory staff#la)oratory staff#

*+ent the rest of his*+ent the rest of hislife there, as alife there, as a)acteriologist#)acteriologist#

*ite of Fleming%s la)oratory#*ite of Fleming%s la)oratory#


5/15

PenicillinPenicillinDiscovered inDiscovered in!./"#!./"#

$as (orking in his$as (orking in his

la), trying to kill ala), trying to kill adeadly )acteria,deadly )acteria,(hen he noticed a(hen he noticed a)lue mold gro(ing)lue mold gro(ingon the dish#on the dish#

0he mold Penicillum0he mold Penicillum1otatum#1otatum#


6/15

1ot an ordinary mold1ot an ordinary mold

Learned that it (asLearned that it (asthe mold Penicillumthe mold Penicillum1otatum#1otatum#

Penicillin is found inPenicillin is found inthis mold#this mold#

1oticed that the1oticed that the)acteria around the)acteria around themold (asmold (as

dissolving#dissolving#0he mold Penicillum0he mold Penicillum

1otatum#1otatum#


7/15

2o( it is2o( it is (as(as Develo+edDevelo+edFor . years, no)ody couldFor . years, no)ody could+urify the Penicillum+urify the Penicillum1otatum to get the +ure1otatum to get the +ure+enicillin#+enicillin#

Finally, in !.'", a team ofFinally, in !.'", a team of3xford 4niversity *cientists,3xford 4niversity *cientists,headed )y 2o(ard Floreyheaded )y 2o(ard Florey

and 5rnst B# Chain hel+edand 5rnst B# Chain hel+edto develo+ +enicillin#to develo+ +enicillin# Penicillin )eingPenicillin )eing

develo+ed#develo+ed#


8/15

&ass Production&ass Production&ethods for it s mass&ethods for it s mass+roduction, +urification,+roduction, +urification,and sta)ili6ation (ereand sta)ili6ation (eredevelo+ed in the 4#*#,develo+ed in the 4#*#,

in coo+eration (ith thein coo+eration (ith theDe+artment ofDe+artment of

Agriculture Agriculture # 0he 4*# 0he 4*government +aid for itsgovernment +aid for itsmass +roduction#mass +roduction#

If not for this,If not for this,thousands of +eo+lethousands of +eo+le

(ould die#(ould die# A machine used to A machine used to

+roduce Penicillin#+roduce Penicillin#


9/15

2o( Penicillin is used2o( Penicillin is used

In early days ofIn early days ofPenicillinPenicillin

thera+y, thethera+y, thedrug (asdrug (asadministered inadministered insmall dosessmall dosesevery threeevery three

hours#hours# Penicillin in a +ill form#Penicillin in a +ill form#


10/15

$hat it cures$hat it cures

Penicillin hasPenicillin has)een kno(n to)een kno(n tocure manycure many

diseases such asdiseases such asPneumonia,Pneumonia,*carlet Fever,*carlet Fever,

*y+hilis, 0etanus,*y+hilis, 0etanus,and 7angrene#and 7angrene#

Pneumonia#Pneumonia#


11/15

2o( it (orks2o( it (orks

Penicillin (orksPenicillin (orks)y killing)y killing)acteria# 0o do)acteria# 0o dothis, it interferesthis, it interferes(ith the(ith the

)acteria s a)ility)acteria s a)ilityto synthesi6eto synthesi6ethe cell (all#the cell (all# Penicillum vie(ed through aPenicillum vie(ed through a

microsco+e#microsco+e#


12/15

Forms of PenicillinForms of Penicillin

0here are many0here are manydifferent forms ofdifferent forms ofPenicillin, (hich allPenicillin, (hich allcome from the moldscome from the moldsof genus namedof genus namedPenicillum# PenicillinPenicillum# Penicillin7, Penicillin 8,7, Penicillin 8,

Am+icillin, and Am+icillin, and Amoxicillin are the Amoxicillin are themost commonly usedmost commonly used

forms of Penicillin#forms of Penicillin# Penicillin 7#


13/15

$orld $ar II$orld $ar IIPenicillin (asPenicillin (asintroduced to theintroduced to the(orld 9ust in time(orld 9ust in time

for $orld $ar II#for $orld $ar II#It hel+ed saveIt hel+ed savemany lives duringmany lives during

the (ar, and hasthe (ar, and has)een greatly)een greatlya++reciateda++reciatedsince#since# An add for Penicillin, during $$II#


14/15

Collected /: 2onorary DegreesCollected /: 2onorary Degrees

/ &edals/ &edals

!" Pri6ed!" Pri6ed

!' Decorations!' Decorations $as Knighted in !.;;#$as Knighted in !.;;#

A(ards and


15/15

Bi)liogra+hyBi)liogra+hy htt+>??scotlandvacations#com?fleming#htmhtt+>??scotlandvacations#com?fleming#htm

0he 1e( Book of Kno(ledge0he 1e( Book of Kno(le dge # /@@@# 7rolier# /@@@# 7rolierIncor+orated#Incor+orated#Dan)ury, Connecticut#Dan)ury, Connecticut#

0he $orld Book 5ncyclo+edia0he $orld Book 5 ncyclo+edia # !...# $orld Book# !...# $orld BookIncor+orated# Chicago, Illinois#Incor+orated# Chicago, Illinois#

Com+tons Interactive 5ncyclo+edia Deluxe#Com+tons Interactive 5ncyclo+edia Deluxe#htt+>??encarta#msn#com?encyclo+edia = !: @/!?fleming sir htt+>??encarta#msn#com?encyclo+edia = !: @/!?fleming sir

alexander#htmlalexander#html

htt+>??encarta#msn#com?encyclo+edia = !: @! ;?Penicillin#hthtt+>??encarta#msn#com?encyclo+edia = !: @! ;?Penicillin#htmlml htt+>??(((#cellsalive#com?+en#htmhtt+>??(((#cellsalive#com?+en#htm htt+>??no)el+ri6e#org?medicine?laureates?!.;:?fleming )io#htmlhtt+>??no)el+ri6e#org?medicine?laureates?!.;:?fleming )io#html

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