alejandres gannon uc berkeley. the united states federal government should substantially increase...
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Counterplans on the Topic
Alejandres GannonUC Berkeley
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The United States federal government should substantially increase its transportation infrastructure investment in the United States.
The Resolution
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Section 1 – United States Federal
Government
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The 50 states and the US territories and Washington DC will do the plan
States CP
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1. Politics2. Elections3. Federal spending4. Federalism5. Critical net-benny
Net-bennies
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50 states act on their own 50 states do the plan cooperatively 50 states engage in a compact to do the
plan Single state counterplans Federal devolution Lopez (Interstate Commerce Clause)
Versions
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Solves most affs that don’t need to be federal dollars
1. Have aff specific evidence2. Use fiat to overcome solvency deficits3. Use generic 1AC evidence to prove cp
sufficient4. Fiat more than the aff
Winning on the neg
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1. Budget – states don’t have money◦ Add funding plank to the cp (SIB, taxes)◦ Read spending DA◦ States spend money more efficiently◦ State budgets recovering uniqueness
2. Federal stimulus key◦ States do same stimulus, still creates jobs◦ Aff doesn’t solve stimulus
Answering aff arguments
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3. Uniformity key◦ Fiat solves harmonization◦ CP is a national policy implemented at state level
4. Permutation◦ Difficult to explain why it doesn’t link to net-benny◦ Involves federal action
5. Federal law prevents cp◦ Best aff arg, may kill the cp vs certain affs
Answering aff args
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Advantages about federal action◦ Signal-based advantages◦ International advantages◦ Relations advantages
Federal law prevents solvency◦ Best solvency deficit, states don’t have legal
jurisidiction
Answering states
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Theory◦ CP is clearly cheating
States fail/inefficient◦ Worst solvency deficit◦ Difficult to quantify, good texts get around it
States budget DA◦ Tricky if you have good ones with solid ev◦ Have to outweigh the net-benny
Answering states
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Permutation◦ Solves ‘states are better’ arguments◦ Uniform action by nation prevents Congressional
backlash to Obama◦ Contractor bid choice
Answering states
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Have a private actor invest in transportation infrastructure investment instead of the USFG
Probably cheating, hard to find literature Aff already includes action by a private
actor Same net-bennies as states cp but worse
solvency
Private Actor CP
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Section 2 - Transportation
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Intrinsicness of global warming and the economy◦ Jobs◦ Stimulus◦ Emissions◦ Oil dependence◦ Specific economic sectors
Advantage CP
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Section 4 - Investment
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Aff has to defend an increase in investment
Anderson, ‘6 (Edward, Lecturer in Development Studies – University of East Anglia, et al., “The Role of Public Investment in Poverty Reduction: Theories, Evidence and Methods”, Overseas Development Institute Working Paper 263, March, http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/docs/1786.pdf) 1.3 Definitions We define (net) public investment as public expenditure that adds to the public physical capital stock. This would include the building of roads, ports, schools, hospitals etc. This corresponds to the definition of public investment in national accounts data, namely, capital expenditure. It is not within the scope of this paper to include public expenditure on health and education, despite the fact that many regard such expenditure as investment. Methods for assessing the poverty impact of public expenditure on social sectors such as health and education have been well covered elsewhere in recent years (see for example, van de Walle and Nead, 1995; Sahn and Younger, 2000; and World Bank, 2002).
Aff Burden
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Mandates or incentives vs investments◦ Mandates – requirements for transportation policy◦ Incentives – tax cuts or benefits
Neg Strategy
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Section 5 – in the United States
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Federal law requires “Buy American” provisions
Why do they do this?◦ American jobs◦ American industry
Why shouldn’t we do this?◦ International trade◦ Hurts relations with other countries
Buy American
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Competition◦ Difficult to write this cp text◦ Net-benny to states since don’t have Buy
American requirements and countries not concerned about states’ trade policies
PIC out of “investment in the United States” in the plan
Get rid of current Buy American requirements
Careful answering “Buy American key to stimulus advantage”
Buy American