air quality laboratory st.louis supersite project update meg n.s. yu professor jay r. turner...
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Air Quality Laboratory
St.Louis SupersiteSt.Louis SupersiteProject UpdateProject Update
Meg N.S. YuProfessor Jay R. Turner
Environmental Engineering ProgramWashington University in St. Louis
Sustainable Air QualityMonday Presentation
April 9, 2001
Air Quality Laboratory
Fine Particulate Matter Monitoring Strategy
PM2.5 Compliance Network(mass concentration)
PM2.5 Speciation Network
SupersitesProgram
Air Quality Laboratory
USEPA Fine Particulate Matter Supersites Program
Phase II
Phase IPhases I & II
Fresno
Los Angeles
Houston
Atlanta
Baltimore
New YorkPittsburgh
St. Louis
Air Quality Laboratory
St. Louis - Midwest Supersite Consortium
DRI / Univ. of Nevada- Judy Chow- John Watson
Electric Power Research Institute- Tina Bahadori(1)
- Alan Hansen
Univ. of Minnesota- Peter McMurry
Univ. of Wisconsin- Jamie Schauer
Harvard School of Public Health- Petros Koutrakis- George Allen
Univ. of Maryland- John Ondov
Washington Univ.- Jay Turner- Warren White- Ed Macias- Bret Schichtel(2)
Current Affiliations:(1) American Chemistry Council, Washington, DC(2) CIRA, Fort Collins, CO
Air Quality Laboratory
Supersite Monitoring Locations
Air Quality Laboratory
Supersite Locations and Mass/Speciation Sites
Air Quality Laboratory
East St. Louis Core Site
Air Quality Laboratory
N. St. Louis City (Margaretta) Site
•Urban Residential
•St. Louis Supersite Satellite Location – Will monitor ~4 wks of each quarter year
•Location of previous March-Midwest Study
Air Quality Laboratory
St. Louis - Midwest Supersite Collaborators
• Georgia Institute of Technology• U.S. EPA Region VII• Missouri Department of Natural Resources• Illinois Environmental Protection Agency• St. Louis City Air Pollution Control Program• St. Louis County Department of Health
• Siting Cooperation• Illinois Department of Transportation• City of St. Louis• Mineral Area College
Air Quality Laboratory
St. Louis Supersite Project Objectives
USEPA identified three overarching objectives which each Supersite must address. The following summarizes the
St. Louis Supersite approach to these objectives
(1) improved understanding of source-receptor relationships to support control strategy development– St. Louis is an urban island, broadly representative of the urban
Midwest(2) support health effects and exposure studies
– integration with three large health effects programs (nine separate studies)
(3) evaluation of emerging sampling methods– battery of advanced measurements for aerosol physical properties
and chemical composition– emphasis on methods with demonstrated or potential ability to
operate reliably for extended periods with limited attendance
Air Quality Laboratory
Aerosol Physical Properties (examples)• Near-Real Time Automated Measurements
– aerosol size distributions (5-min)… core
– aerosol integral moments (~1-sec)… core and satellite
• Number • Scattering• Electrical Charge
Assume PSD shape (e.g., lognormal)
other aerosol properties
(e.g., surface area)
0
1
2
3
4
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Nano-SMPS
SMPS
OPC
OPC
OPC = optical particle counter
SMPS = scanning mobility particle spectrometer
Air Quality Laboratory
Aerosol Chemical Properties (examples)• Semi-continuous Automated Measurements (hourly or
better)
Sulfate Ammonium Nitrate Crustal EC OC MassSulfate 1 0.98 0.67 0.45 0.64 0.58 0.96Ammonium 1 0.66 0.44 0.61 0.56 0.94Nitrate 1 0.30 0.59 0.35 0.57Crustal 1 0.79 0.84 0.54EC 1 0.78 0.69OC 1 0.67
Study Average
Ammonium12.8%
Organic Carbon22.8%
Other17.9%
Crustal3.6%
Nitrate1.0%
Elem. Carbon7.4%
Sulfate34.6%
Sulfate
Ammonium
Nitrate
Crustal
Elem. Carbon
Organic Carbon
Other
-15
0
15
30
45
60
08/03/1999 08/10/1999 08/17/1999 08/24/1999 08/31/1999 09/07/1999
Circles denote measured species; also PM2.5 mass, and 15 elements retrospectively
Air Quality Laboratory
Example - Continuous Bulk Nitrate Aerosol Data from PILS-IC
Atlanta Supersite - August 1999
Air Quality Laboratory
Aerosol Physical/Chemical Properties (examples)
• Time-Integrated Substrate Methods…24-hour– PM1, PM2.5, PM10 mass
– PM2.5 speciation (ions, elements, EC/OC)
– PM2.5 organics speciation
– Coarse PM elements, EC/OC– Toxicological sampler (trichot)
• Also…– Precursor gases (e.g., NH3, H2SO4, HNO3)… 24-hour
– Volatile Organic Compounds… 24-hour– Criteria gases…5-min (IEPA)– Meteorology (WS, WD, RH, T, P, Solar Rad, Precip)
Air Quality Laboratory
Integration with Exposure & Health Effects Studies
Air Quality Laboratory
Integration with Exposure & Health Effects Studies
measurement of personal and indoor exposures H. Suh & P. Koutrakis (EPRI Exposure Studies)
cardiac vulnerability in potentially susceptible subjectsF. Speizer (NIEHS Program Project)
implantable defribrillators detected arrhythmiasD. Dockery (NIEHS Program Project)
conditions in elderly which predispose towards acute adverse effect of particulate exposure
J. Schwartz (EPA PM Center)
chronic effects of particulate exposureD. Dockery (EPA PM Center)
in vitro toxicity of St. Louis particulate matterL. Kobzik & P. Koutrakis (EPA PM Center)
Air Quality Laboratory
Core Site Status – as of March 18, 2001
Equipment installation starts next week; 3-4 week shakedown period…
Air Quality Laboratory
For More Information…Jay R. TurnerDepartment of Chemical EngineeringCampus Box 1198Washington University tel: 314-935-5480One Brookings Drive fax: 314-935-5464St. Louis, MO 63130 email: [email protected]
INTERNET SITESSt. Louis - Midwest Supersite
http://capita.wustl.edu/StLSuperSite/Washington University Air Quality Laboratory
follow link at:http://www.seas.wustl.edu/user/jrturner/
Air Quality Laboratory