Air Quality EventAir Quality Event

1010thth June 2005 June 2005

Andrew ThomasAndrew Thomas

Centre for Construction InnovationCentre for Construction InnovationNWDA Best Practice hubNWDA Best Practice hub Construction Cluster Construction Cluster

Air Pollution Air Pollution - not just an “AIRy” fairy issue- not just an “AIRy” fairy issue

CO2

CO2

What is NOT Sustainable What is NOT Sustainable ……Construction ?……Construction ?

Using over 420 million tonnes of material resources and converts Using over 420 million tonnes of material resources and converts 6,500 hectares of land from rural to urban use each year.6,500 hectares of land from rural to urban use each year.

13 million tonnes of construction and demolition waste is material 13 million tonnes of construction and demolition waste is material delivered to sites but never used.delivered to sites but never used.

Generating 90 million tonnes of construction and demolition waste Generating 90 million tonnes of construction and demolition waste every yearevery year

That is 3 times the waste produced by all UK households combined.That is 3 times the waste produced by all UK households combined.

Consuming 10% of national energy in the production and transport Consuming 10% of national energy in the production and transport of construction products and materialsof construction products and materials

Building services accounts for 50% of the UK’s emissions of carbon Building services accounts for 50% of the UK’s emissions of carbon dioxide.dioxide.

Creating 21% of the hazardous waste in the UK.Creating 21% of the hazardous waste in the UK.

Climate change is making flood management an Climate change is making flood management an increasingly important factor in deciding where to increasingly important factor in deciding where to

locate new development. locate new development.

Presently, Presently,

1.85 million houses1.85 million houses

185,000 commercial properties 185,000 commercial properties

are at risk from floodingare at risk from flooding

figures that are likely to increase under planned figures that are likely to increase under planned future development……. without considering future development……. without considering

climate change.climate change.

Bad Action = Bad Consequences

The NW regional pictureThe NW regional picture

Huge regional variances in AQ performance

Urban Hot spots……….Rural fall out = areas of consequences

Agency Policy and Govt Policy driving towards Sustainability in Design and Action.

Salford is a designated URCan important as a vehicle to deliver Policy

Agency require measured performance on own projects and funded projects…..Seeking ongoing sustainable improvements …… and to reduce negative impacts

Description:The majority of the eastern part of Salford from the M60 ring road to Description:The majority of the eastern part of Salford from the M60 ring road to the City Centre of Manchester and its borders with Bury and Bolton and the City Centre of Manchester and its borders with Bury and Bolton and

westward along the M62 corridor and northwards on the M61.westward along the M62 corridor and northwards on the M61.

Pollutants Declared:Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Particulate Matter < 10 µm (PM10)Pollutants Declared:Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Particulate Matter < 10 µm (PM10)

Tools of ChangeTools of Change

Education – Education – Brochures, leaflets, awareness raising, Brochures, leaflets, awareness raising, Sustainability NW, Event involvement, EnWorks provision, Sustainability NW, Event involvement, EnWorks provision, Sustainability NW and othersSustainability NW and others

Motivation – Motivation – Awards sponsorship, recognition of Best Awards sponsorship, recognition of Best Practice, Acknowledgement of Excellence, Competitive Practice, Acknowledgement of Excellence, Competitive advantage under Quality selection and performance based work advantage under Quality selection and performance based work awards.awards.

Lead by Example –Lead by Example – be seen to do, as you expect others to be seen to do, as you expect others to do for and with youdo for and with you

Expectation –Expectation – It is how we do business, if you don’t do, then It is how we do business, if you don’t do, then you won’t getyou won’t get

Conditionality of behaviour – Conditionality of behaviour – If you say you do, and then If you say you do, and then don’t….there will be consequences and clawbackdon’t….there will be consequences and clawback

Measurement …….and consequence – Measurement …….and consequence – how you how you measure will be prescribed and in a standard form.measure will be prescribed and in a standard form.

Review of strategy and actions to accommodate Review of strategy and actions to accommodate change – change – RES review taking place during 2005 – please RES review taking place during 2005 – please involve yourself and inform the futureinvolve yourself and inform the future

NWDA Actions underway ?NWDA Actions underway ?

Policy aligned delivery and improvement is expected from Policy aligned delivery and improvement is expected from Deliverers and Funded partners of NWDADeliverers and Funded partners of NWDA

Performance will be measuredPerformance will be measured

Obligations are increasingly contractualObligations are increasingly contractual

Dedicated Environmental and Sustainability Officer in NWDA – Mark Dedicated Environmental and Sustainability Officer in NWDA – Mark Atherton, Advice and support services through EnWorks and othersAtherton, Advice and support services through EnWorks and others

Change and Education Programme underway for 2 years – now in Change and Education Programme underway for 2 years – now in implementation phaseimplementation phase

Mystified by frameworks ?Mystified by frameworks ?

FrameworkToolkit

www.ivisual.co.uk/ce

Benefits

Economies of Scale

Buying Leverage

Standard solutions

Continuity

Integration Collaboration

of Supply Chain

Efficiency gains

OGC Minimum Standards in ContractOGC Minimum Standards in Contract

OGC are establishing basic requirements for all construction OGC are establishing basic requirements for all construction projectsprojects

Currently in review stage for Summer 2005 publication – current listCurrently in review stage for Summer 2005 publication – current list

Basic environmental standardsBasic environmental standards Considerate ConstructorsConsiderate Constructors CSCS cards for all site personnelCSCS cards for all site personnel And othersAnd others

NWDA establishing design and sustainability review panels, Green Design Guides, Enhanced Project Appraisal processes – all reflecting sustainability issues, Conditional minimum standards, use of KPI’s – and on grant funded projects.Explicit Sustainability measure and targets piloted in project funding contracts - Project unity – to be rolled out on ALL future projects

On Line KPI Engine

Standardising measurement and easier data collection

Measured performance – use of Environmental Indicators

Improving Public Services Improving Public Services Through Better Construction & DevelopmentThrough Better Construction & Development

Looking for 2.5% improvement in efficiency 2005/ 6Looking for 2.5% improvement in efficiency 2005/ 6 Key RecommendationsKey Recommendations

Better long term planning (5 year horizons)Better long term planning (5 year horizons) Leadership and cross departmental activityLeadership and cross departmental activity Transparent procurement and influencing supplier Transparent procurement and influencing supplier

behavioursbehaviours Use of GatewaysUse of Gateways Sustainability Action PlanningSustainability Action Planning Use of WLC/ WLV dataUse of WLC/ WLV data E Govt and E procurementE Govt and E procurement

Benefits cashable and non cashable

Adoption of sustainability Checklist – learning from SEEDA

Improving Public Services Improving Public Services Through Better ConstructionThrough Better Construction

Use of benchmarking and performance to keep competitive Use of benchmarking and performance to keep competitive tension in long term arrangementstension in long term arrangements

Collaborative contracts (ECC mentioned) and fair pay Collaborative contracts (ECC mentioned) and fair pay arrangementsarrangements

Post-completion performancePost-completion performance Energy efficiencyEnergy efficiency Combine construction activity across deptsCombine construction activity across depts Support for infrequent clientsSupport for infrequent clients Identify and support good practiceIdentify and support good practice

Minimum BREEAM Very Good on all NWDA projects, sustainability checklist, Quality Based selection on frameworks, Regional Transport Strategy,Obligations on Developers to include Public transport alternatives.

Do we know the scale of the challenge ?

London

— “Ensure developments are of high quality, incorporating sustainable design and construction methods to minimise the environmental impact.” - (Draft London Plan, GLA, June 2002)

— Based on Corporation of London and BRE figures

—over 4,000 construction vehicles entering the City of London daily trips

— If each vehicle trip is 22.5 kms this means over 24,000 tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere yearly, enough to fill 4,000 hot air balloons

— Congestion charging

— £5 per vehicle per day

Nationally

— 360 million tonnes of construction materials are used each year

— The equivalent of 90 million full truck loads of 4 tonnes

— Industry is worth £60 billion annually (8% of GDP)

Do we know what Salford Numbers are ?

Transport is a HUGE Polluting InfluenceNew Build school in Cheshire – Project miles calculation

Environmental Performance Indicators – Transport

Aim - Calculate Number of Miles to Construct Project

How ??

Environmental Performance Indicators – Transport

Site Management / Staff

Permanent Staff

Visiting Staff & general visitors

Engineer etc

Subcontractors / Directly Employed CraftsmenGroundworkers & M&E operatives

Single visit contractors – white lining, mastic, diamond drilling etc

Labourers

Material & Plant Deliveries

Willmott Dixons material & plant deliveries & collections

Subcontractors deliveries & collections

Clients deliveries

TRANSPORT MILEAGE

SITE MANAGEMENT / STAFF / VISITORS

Name Company No. of Weeks Days / week Mileage Total Mileage CommentsOne Way

GM WD 34 5 10 3,400 NL WD 34 5 52 17,680 JH WD 34 5 40 13,600 JH & JS shared carJS WD 20 1 40 1,600 Saturday onlyMP WD 34 0.5 85 2,890 2 visits / 4 weeksPC WD 34 0.25 50 850 1 visit / 4 weeks

SUBCONTRACTORS / WD OPERATIVES

Trade Company Employees Mileage No of weeks Days / week Total Mileage Comments

GROUNDWORKS ? 1 8 30 5 2,400 3no shared vanSTEELWORK ? 2 10 3 5 600 3no shared vanBRICKWORK ? 3 50 12 5 18,000 2no squads - shared car + foremanROOF TILING ? 1 35 4 5 1,400 1no. Squad shared vanINSULATION ? 1 15 4 5 600 1no. Squad shared vanDIAMOND DRILLING ? 1 45 1 1 90

MATERIAL / PLANT

Item No. of visits Mileage Total Mileage CommentsOne Way

GROUNDWORK CONCRETE 30 5 300 PIPEWORK 10 10 200 STONE 45 10 900 GRAVEL 5 5 50

WD FACING BRICKS 6 35 420

SUMMARY OF CALCULATION

Total Mileage - 221,758 miles

Cost of Project - £1.32 million

Gross Floor Area - 1,105 m2

Cost / m2 - £1,195 / m2

Mileage (50p/mile) - 221,758 x 50p = £111,000

or 8.5% of project cost

Interesting Statistic ? ….. for a small school in Cheshire

Lets put it into perspective…………

9 times

Learning from others ?Learning from others ?Traditional Methods of Delivery to Construction Projects

Site 1

Site 2

Site 3

Site 4

Congestion - pollution

Waste

Unproductive

Health & safety risks

Learning from Others…..Learning from Others…..

Site 1

Site 2

Site 3

Site 4

CC “JITmilkround”

Direct Deliveries

Environmental Benefit - Did it make any Difference ?

CC Carbon Dioxide Emissions

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Nov

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Dec

-01

Jan-

02

Feb

-02

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-02

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-02

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-02

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02

Jul-0

2

Aug

-02

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-02

Oct

-02

Nov

-02

Dec

-02

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03

Feb

-03

Month

Co

2 E

mis

sio

ns

(kg

)

Estimated CO2 emissions using traditional delivery methods (kg)

CO2 emissions of CC delivery vehicles (kg)

Co2 emissions reduced by 11.6 tonnes

Learning from Others ?Learning from Others ?Additional impacts / Benefits Additional impacts / Benefits

Economic ImpactEconomic Impact Increases in project plan reliability of up to 5 %Increases in project plan reliability of up to 5 % Net cost savings from trade contractor packages of 1.9%Net cost savings from trade contractor packages of 1.9%

Environmental ImpactEnvironmental Impact Local delivery vehicle CO2 emissions reduced by 11.6 tonnes, a 37% reduction.Local delivery vehicle CO2 emissions reduced by 11.6 tonnes, a 37% reduction. Local delivery vehicle distance travelled reduced by 23,200 kms.Local delivery vehicle distance travelled reduced by 23,200 kms. Delivery routes controlled and kept away from problem congestion areasDelivery routes controlled and kept away from problem congestion areas Noise impact of delivery vehicles reducedNoise impact of delivery vehicles reduced Re-use of existing assets, such as pallets and hoardingsRe-use of existing assets, such as pallets and hoardings

Social ImpactSocial Impact Reduced storage on site thus reducing the risk of accidentsReduced storage on site thus reducing the risk of accidents Improved securityImproved security Local employmentLocal employment

The Option we do not have……