Agricultural Engineering

Obj. 6.00

Ag Engineering Industry

• Ag mechanics is the design, operation, maintenance, service, selling and use of power machinery, equipment, structures and utilities in agriculture.

Careers in Ag Engineering

• Power and Electricity– Electrician– Safety technician– Equipment mechanic

Careers in Ag Engineering

• Machinery– Farm equipment mechanic– Parts person– Equipment salesperson– Small engine mechanic– Large machinery operator

Careers in Ag Engineering

• Soil and Water Engineering– Soil conservation technician– Irrigation engineer

Careers in Ag Engineering

• Ag mechanics, construction, and maintenance– Construction worker– Welder– Safety specialist

Careers in Ag Engineering

• Ag Structure, equipment, and facilities– Construction supervisor– Farmstead planner– Greenhouse builder– CAD engineer

Shop Safety

• Nearly 50% of all farm related accidents involve working with machinery

• Safety is providing an environment free from danger, risk, or injury

• Those who work in a shop should always be trained

• Those who work in a shop should pass a safety test prior to using the shop

Shop Safety

• Keep the shop in an orderly manner• Remove unnecessary hazards (oily rags)• Wear appropriate personal protective clothing

and devices – Safety glasses– Steel toe shoes– Ear protection (prevents hearing loss when the

noise level exceeds 90 decibels)

Safety Color Coding a Shop

• Alerts people to dangers and hazards– Red = DANGER, safety switches and fire extinguishers– Orange = WARNING, machine hazards like edges and

opening– Yellow = CAUTION, wheels, levers, knobs– Blue = INFORMATION, “out of order” signs or broken

equipment– Green = SAFETY, presence of first aid and safety

equipment

Fire Hazards in the Shop

• Fire Triangle – components necessary for a fire– fuel, anything that will burn (oily rags, sawdust, etc)– Heat, material will burn if hot enough– Oxygen, must be present for fuels to burn

Fire Prevention in the Shop

• Take away one of the components of the fire triangle and a fire will stop

• Safely store fuels or combustible materials• Clean shop decreases the chance of fire

Extinguishing Fires

• Know the kind of fire extinguisher that is used for different kinds of fires prior to the fire

• Know the placement of a fire extinguisher so that time is not wasted looking for one

• When using, hold upright, pull the ring pin, and press the lever. Direct the nozzle toward the base of the fire

Planning a Engineering Project

• Simple project plans– Completed with paper and a sharp lead pencil– Protractor for measuring and drawing angles– Compass for drawing circles and arches– A good eraser is used to make corrections– A 12” ruler for basic drawings

Planning an Ag Engineering Project

• More Detailed Plans– A drawing board is used for attaching the drawing

paper– Masking tape is used to secure the drawing paper

to the drawing board– The T square is helpful for drawing horizontal lines– The right triangle is used for vertical lines– The scale is used to make proportions

Planning an Ag Engineering Project

• Large Scale Projects– Use CAD– CAD can significantly reduce design time

Basics of Drawing

• A sketch is a rough drawing, doesn’t have dimensions included

• Pictorial drawing shows all 3 dimensions at once (front, side, and top)

• Scale drawing represents an object in exact proportion, although the object itself maybe a different size

• If the scale is ¼” = 1”, then every ¼” on the drawing would equal 1” on the actual object– If you had a 2” line it would equal 8” actual because 2

divided by ¼ = 8

Wood Projects

• The fastest way to fasten wood is by nailing with a nail hammer or nail gun

• Screws hold better than nails and are used with a screwdriver. Flathead screws is most used

• Bolt and used for fastening wood at high stress points

• Gluing wood can make the object as strong as the wood itself

Metal Projects

• Steel is the most commonly used metal• Soapstone is a rock that is used to mark on

metal because it shows up better than pencil• A hacksaw is used for cutting metal

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Chalk line reel– Making straight lines

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Tape Rule– Straight or curved measuring

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Combination Square– Determining 45 and 90 degree angles

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Try Square– 90 degree squaring

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Level– Leveling and plumbing

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Hack saw– Cutting metal

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Portable circular saw– Sawing wood in construction projects

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Circular carbide saw blade– Used on portable circular saw

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Coping Saw– Cutting curves and irregular cuts

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Portable Jig Saw– Making irregular cuts

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Countersink– Faring top of hole for recessing head for flathead

screw

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Masonry Bit– Nailing in concrete, brick

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Portable electric drill– Drilling holes with an external source of electricity

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Straight shank drill bit– Drilling metal

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Speed bore bit– Wood boring bit for electric drill

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Ball pein hammer– Hammering metal

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Nail hammer– Driving nails

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Nail set– Countersinking nail heads

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Pin punch– Driving out metal pins

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Sledgehammer– Heavy hammering

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Long nose pliers– Reaching into recessed areas

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Slip joint pliers– Adjust for holding various size material

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Groove joint pliers– Gripping when greater pressure is needed

Ag Mechanic Tools

• C Clamp– Clamping two or more pieces of metal together

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Drill press vise– Holding stock while drilling

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Adjustable Wrench– Turning various size nuts and bolts

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Combination Wrench– Turning hex and square nuts and bolts

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Pipe Wrench – turning and holding metal pipe

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Regular Socket– General purpose socket for turning nuts and bolts

Ag Mechanic Tools

• Open end Wrench– Turning square head nuts and bolts